昆山市暴雨短历时设计雨型的推求     

汪婷  包云轩  陈粲  唐倩  吴俊梅  夏蕴玉 《气象科学》2021,41(2):259-269

基于2008—2016年昆山市自动气象站逐分钟降水观测数据,分别利用芝加哥雨型法和PilgrimCordery雨型法,推求昆山市不同生态系统在不同重现期下60 min和120 min短历时设计暴雨雨型,并对比分析两种雨型推求方法的结果以及不同生态系统的雨型计算结果。结果表明:推求昆山市60 min历时设计暴雨雨型分布时,芝加哥雨型法和PilgrimCordery雨型法的结果基本一致,为单峰型雨型,雨峰位置位于中间偏前;推求120 min历时设计暴雨雨型分布时,芝加哥雨型法结果为单峰型,PilgrimCordery雨型法为多峰型,但两种方法求得的雨峰位置都位于中间偏前。在历时60 min和120 min时,芝加哥雨型法计算出的平均最大分段降水量显著大于PilgrimCordery法和实际雨样的结果,PilgrimCordery法的结果略小于实际雨样。昆山市不同地区的降水会受到生态系统类型的影响,以农田生态系统的影响最为明显,两种雨型推求方法的结果均表示,农田生态系统的最大分段降水量是5种生态系统中最大的。  相似文献   

全国湿地保护工程规划实施要点   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

鲍达明 《湿地科学与管理》2007,3(2):18-20

<正>《全国湿地保护工程规划(2002-2030年)》是依托《中国湿地保护行动计划》,以保护湿地生态系统和改善湿地生态功能为主要内容,以湿地保护与恢复工程建设为重点,加大科研、宣传、管理、培训的投入与执法力度,加强对外交流与国际合作,加强对社区的扶持力度,合理利用湿地资源,从整体上维护湿地的生态系统功能,为实施可持续发展战略服务。  相似文献   

土壤界限含水率标准物质研制     

赵秀峰  高孝礼  曹磊  曹景洋  路新成 《岩矿测试》2021,(4):583-592

界限含水率是细粒土定名分类、评价土的工程性质的重要依据,也是黏土矿勘查和工业利用的重要评价指标.不准确的界限含水率测试结果将可能导致严重的工程安全事故,造成人身和经济财产损失.标准物质是保障分析数据准确、可比和有效的重要手段,但当前国内外尚无土壤界限含水率标准物质,可见研制土壤界限含水率标准物质具有重要的现实意义.基于...  相似文献   

福建高陂矿区构造演化分析     

鲍继坤 《煤田地质与勘探》2007,35(5):6-10

根据高陂煤矿区主要断层的走向、形成期次、平面展布样式和发育特征,分析了该区应力状态及矿区构造演化过程。研究表明:在矿区北东、南西向局部主压应力作用下,产生了南部一系列逆冲断层和褶曲,同时在这种压应力持续作用下,又产生了与局部主压应力几乎垂直的北西、南东向的张应力,从而进一步产生了低序次的北东—南西向张断裂;该区在印支晚期主要形成了3条滑覆断层,燕山早期形成了高陂向斜、矿区东西边界断层、次一级褶曲和小断层;燕山中、晚期形成了矿区南北边界断层,并使高陂向斜南高北低。   相似文献   

Treatment of on/off switches in the adjoint method: FDDA experiments with a simple model     

JIAN-WEN BAO  THOMAS T. WARNER 《地球，A辑:动力气象学与海洋学》1993,45(5):525-538

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Convective/Large-scale Rainfall Partitions of Tropical Heavy Precipitation in CMIP6 Atmospheric Models     

Jing YANG  Sicheng HE  Qing BAO 《大气科学进展》2021,38(6):1020-1027

Convective/large-scale(C/L) precipitation partitions are crucial for achieving realistic rainfall modeling and are classified in 16 phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP6) atmospheric models. Only 4 models capture the feature that convective rainfall significantly exceeds the large-scale rainfall component in the tropics while the other 12 models show 50%–100% large-scale rainfall component in heavy rainfall. Increased horizontal resolution generally increases the convective rainfall percentage, but not in all models. The former 4 models can realistically reproduce two peaks of moisture vertical distribution, respectively located in the upper and the lower troposphere. In contrast, the latter 12 models correspond to three types of moisture vertical profile biases:(1) whole mid-to-lower tropospheric wet biases(60%–80% large-scale rainfall);(2) mid-tropospheric wet peak(50% convective/large-scale rainfall); and(3) lower-tropospheric wet peak(90%–100% large-scale rainfall). And the associated vertical distribution of unique clouds potentially causes different climate feedback, suggesting accurate C/L rainfall components are necessary to reliable climate projection.  相似文献   

CAS FGOALS-f3-L Large-ensemble Simulations for the CMIP6 Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project     

Bian HE  Xiaoqi ZHANG  Anmin DUAN  Qing BAO  Yimin LIU  Wenting HU  Jinxiao LI  Guoxiong WU 《大气科学进展》2021,38(6):1028-1049

Large-ensemble simulations of the atmosphere-only time-slice experiments for the Polar Amplification Model Intercomparison Project (PAMIP) were carried out by the model group of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Flexible Global Ocean-Atmosphere-Land System (FGOALS-f3-L). Eight groups of experiments forced by different combinations of the sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice concentration (SIC) for pre-industrial, present-day, and future conditions were performed and published. The time-lag method was used to generate the 100 ensemble members, with each member integrating from 1 April 2000 to 30 June 2001 and the first two months as the spin-up period. The basic model responses of the surface air temperature (SAT) and precipitation were documented. The results indicate that Arctic amplification is mainly caused by Arctic SIC forcing changes. The SAT responses to the Arctic SIC decrease alone show an obvious increase over high latitudes, which is similar to the results from the combined forcing of SST and SIC. However, the change in global precipitation is dominated by the changes in the global SST rather than SIC, partly because tropical precipitation is mainly driven by local SST changes. The uncertainty of the model responses was also investigated through the analysis of the large-ensemble members. The relative roles of SST and SIC, together with their combined influence on Arctic amplification, are also discussed. All of these model datasets will contribute to PAMIP multi-model analysis and improve the understanding of polar amplification.  相似文献   

湖泊沉积物中重金属的环境地球化学     

姚志刚  鲍征宇  高璞 《地质通报》2005,(Z1)

概要地回顾了近年来国内外湖泊沉积物中重金属环境污染方面的研究成果,介绍了湖相沉积物重金属研究的主要内容、方法和可能的发展方向。认为就重金属成因方面应加强区分其主要来源是岩石和矿物风化的碎屑产物、大气降尘、人类活动等的研究;重金属污染方面更应重视污染物质的生物有效性、迁移转化机理和重金属“二次污染”的研究;研究手段上,注重运用同位素示踪与定年技术来研究重金属的来源和污染历史,应用高分辨率沉积物钻心研究环境的变迁。最后提出加强多学科的综合研究,建立中国湖泊基准数据库,为探讨湖泊湿地的可持续发展提供依据。  相似文献   

海啸灾害与预警   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

包澄澜  叶琳 《海洋预报》2005,22(1):1-4

地震海啸是最严重的自然灾害之一。本文对海啸的定义、性质、特征、历史上和近代的中国和世界的严重地震海啸灾害作了介绍。同时简单地介绍了海啸预警系统的主要内容。  相似文献   

对虾、青蛤和江蓠三元混养效益的实验研究     

王大鹏  田相利  董双林  常杰  包杰  马甡  王继业 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(Z1):20-26

通过海水陆基围隔实验,研究了凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)与青蛤(Cyclina senensis)、菊花心江蓠(Gracilaria lichevoides)投饵混养的适宜配比、经济效益和生态效益。实验结束时对虾的体重、成活率和净产量分别为5.30~6.12g,62.96%~78.21%和1 065.0~1 367.6kg.hm-2。青蛤体重和净产量分别为6.85~7.15g,和51~328kg.hm-2。菊花心江蓠净产量为3 900~9 380kg.hm-2。混养系统的经济效益和生态效益均优于对虾单养。在本实验条件下,混养系统的最佳结构为凡纳滨对虾30ind.m-2,青蛤30ind.m-2,菊花心江蓠200g.m-2;其N,P绝对利用率分别为52.94%和26.09%。  相似文献