基于GIS的石家庄市雾霾分析     

苏亚聪  史娟  徐爽 《北京测绘》2020,(2):233-237

为了得出雾霾气象成因机制、影响因素和时空分布特征,以石家庄市区与郊县为研究区域,将2013年9月至2016年12月石家庄市各市区、郊县的PM2.5历史监测数据中的有效数据进行了数据分析处理得到雾霾浓度数据,还有温度、降水、风速、地形和人口密度等数据,运用GIS分析的方法,模拟绘制石家庄雾霾的时空分布图、雾霾与各影响因子的专题对比图,得到雾霾形成机制的因子、雾霾的时空分布规律、雾霾季节变化特征、雾霾与地形间的关系等;运用数据分析软件OriginPro8.SR3分析雾霾浓度与风速数据、降雨数据、温度数据间的相关性。  相似文献   

三维地理信息网络服务的发展现状及思考     

孙阳  周海龙  徐爽  董莉 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(1):160-162

随着信息技术的发展和GIS的实际发展需求的增加,GIS逐渐转向了三维地理信息网络服务方向。在满足GIS服务发展需求的基础上,三维地理信息网络服务为空间信息的高效集成的实现作出了重要贡献。本文综述了三维地理信息网络服务的发展情况,并提出了存在的问题及相应的建议,以供参考。  相似文献   

Feeding intensity and molecular prey identification of the mantis shrimp,Oratosquilla oratoria (De Haan, 1844), in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay     

Qi-Kang Bo  Yun-Zhao Lu  Hui-Jing Mi  Yan-Guang Yu  De-Xian Gu  Hong-Zheng You  Shuang Hao 《Marine Ecology》2020,41(4):e12594

Bohai Bay, a representative semi-enclosed bay of China, has been severely impacted in recent decades by rapid human development. Although the mantis shrimp Oratosquilla oratoria plays an important role in the Bohai Bay ecosystem and fishery, its feeding ecology and the impact of habitat changes on its feeding habits are poorly known. In this study, we sought to identify its feeding strategy through the separation of stomach contents, and to describe its trophic ecology during maturation in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay by the DNA barcoding method using a fragment (about 690 bp) of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (CO I) gene. A total of 594 specimens were collected from March to July 2018, and 347 (58.42%) stomachs were found to have food remains. More than half of the O. oratoria individuals had poor feeding activity, and the degree of feeding of females was higher than that of males, but there was no significant difference in the visual fullness index and the fullness weight index (FWI) between sexes for each month. In addition, the feeding activity of O. oratoria was consistent across the months, suggesting in artificial breeding programs it is not worried too much about the accessional diet supplied to the female bloodstocks except maintaining their normal food. A total of 167 retrieved prey items yielded 187 readable sequences; 86.63% of these sequences could be assigned to the species level. Consequently, 25 different prey taxa covering all readable sequences were identified, showing O. oratoria is a generalist predator. In terms of percent composition by frequency of occurrences (%N), crustaceans and fishes accounted for the same and highest percentage (35.83%) in the mantis shrimp diet, followed by mollusks (24.59%) and the remaining marine organisms (3.73%) including Polychaeta (2.67%), Sagittoidea (0.53%), and Chromadorea (0.53%). The result shows the benthic fish Oxudercidae (family) appears to be an especially important food supply for O. oratoria during maturation. The degree of cannibalism decreased with an increase in diet species and the frequencies of cannibalism in this study was noticeably higher than that in previous studies, suggesting that cannibalism may be a significant feeding strategy in the mantis shrimp O. oratoria in the Tianjin coastal zone of Bohai Bay, and because of the frequently cannibalistic behavior, the high stocking density of broodstocks should be avoided.  相似文献   

气候变化对东北大西洋渔获物组成、多样性和营养级的影响     

陈爽  陈新军 《海洋学报》2020,42(10):100-109

东北大西洋是世界上重要的捕捞海域,气候变化对该海域捕捞产生了重要的影响。本文基于联合国粮农组织所提供的1982?2016年东北大西洋渔获产量数据,对该海域渔获物组成、多样性、平均营养级及主成分变化特征进行时间序列上的分析,并结合东北大西洋海域气候、环境因子,应用广义可加模型探究渔获物组成与气候变化之间的关系。结果显示:渔获物多样性的变化总体上呈下降趋势,2002?2010年间处于较低水平;平均营养级在2002年之前呈平缓下降的趋势,2002年之后开始波动上升,相关性分析表明这两个指标与海域环境因子的变化较为相关。对渔获物组成进行主成分分析显示,第一主成份变化的方差解释率达到35.3%,且与海域气候、环境因素有较高的相关性,第一主成分变化能够较好地表征气候影响下渔获物组成变化的情况。广义可加模型分析结果显示,渔获物组成变化的影响因素按解释率由高到低分别为:海表温度、海平面高度、盐度、海冰和北大西洋涛动指数。该研究有助于认识气候变化对海洋渔业资源及其结构组成的影响。  相似文献   

不同养殖方式对皱纹盘鲍养殖效果及养殖水质的影响     

陈俊男  郭永军  梁健  李永仁  黄亚冬  梁爽 《海洋科学》2020,44(3):104-112

在天津地区对2.2 cm左右规格的皱纹盘鲍(Haliotis discus hannai)进行试养殖,比较了两种养殖模式(笼养与砖养)、两种养殖密度下鲍的存活与生长情况,以及不同换水频率和不同饲料形状对鲍的生理状态和养殖水质的影响。结果表明:试养殖1个月后,笼养下的鲍存活率(74.4%)低于砖养(84.0%),且低密度养殖下鲍的存活率更高;随着换水频率的增加,鲍的摄食量逐渐增加,养殖水体中氨氮、亚硝酸氮、硝酸氮、化学需氧量的含量均呈减少的趋势;投喂不同形状饲料的组别间养殖水体氨氮、亚硝酸氮含量差异显著。因此,砖养模式更适合于作为天津地区鲍养殖的模式,并且降低密度、提高换水频率有助于改善水质,改良鲍的摄食、存活状况。  相似文献   

社会-生态系统适应性治理研究进展与展望   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

宋爽  王帅  傅伯杰  陈海滨  刘焱序  赵文武 《地理学报》2019,74(11):2401-2410

社会—生态系统（SES）由社会子系统、生态子系统及两者的交互作用构成,具有不同于社会系统或生态系统单独具有的结构、功能和复杂特征。社会—生态系统适应性治理旨在通过适应性的社会权利分配与行为决策机制,使社会—生态系统能够在动态条件下可持续地保障人类福祉。适应性治理理论的形成受到“公共池塘资源管理”“韧性”和“治理”3方面理论的影响,并为“转型治理”与“协作治理”提供了建构基础。该理论具有以下3个主要目的：① 理解和应对社会—生态系统多稳态、非线性、不确定性、整体性以及复杂性;② 建立非对抗性的社会结构、权利分配制度以及行为决策体系,匹配社会子系统与自然子系统;③ 通过综合方法管理生态系统,使其可持续提供生态系统服务。因此,面对人类行为主导地表过程的“人类世”,实现适应性治理有助于应对社会—生态系统的复杂性与不确定性。鉴于中国的生态环境正处于迅速变化时期,且中国与世界各国间的相互影响日益复杂,未来研究可重点关注以下3个方面：① 理解耦合系统的多元互动过程,增强适应能力;② 强调社会—生态系统的整体性研究;③ 提高环境变化背景下理解和预测系统动态的能力。  相似文献   

网络视角下中国十大城市群区域创新模式研究   总被引：10，自引：6，他引：4  

马双  曾刚 《地理科学》2019,39(6):905-911

从地理开放、区域协同和创新能力3个维度构建理论分析框架,基于网络视角刻画2015年中国十大城市群的区域创新特点,并据此划分城市群的区域创新模式。研究表明,中国十大城市群的区域创新模式存在显著差异。长三角、京津冀和珠三角城市群已具有较好基础,海西城市群缺乏高水平的内部协同,长江中游和成渝城市群过度依赖外部联系,北部湾城市群拥有较明显的核心-边缘内部网络结构,哈长、中原和关中城市群各维度评价均不高,区域创新模式最差。  相似文献   

Isotopic evidence for the moisture origin and influencing factors at Urumqi Glacier No.1 in upstream Urumqi River Basin,eastern Tianshan Mountains     

SONG Meng-yuan  LI Zhong-qin  XIA Dun-sheng  JIN Shuang  ZHANG Xin 《山地科学学报》2019,(8)

The stable isotope has been extensively applied as an effective tracer especially in precipitation. In glacierized area of arid northwest China, temperature is widely considered to be a major factor affecting isotopes in precipitation, while the influences of precipitation amount, relative humidity and other meteorological parameters are still not clear. Based on analyses on stable isotope values of water samples and NCEP/NCAR(National Centers of Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research, USA) re-analysis data, the moisture source and characteristics of isotopes in the precipitation, meltwater and river water isotopes at Urumqi Glacier No.1 of the upstream Urumqi River Basin, eastern Tianshan Mountains from spring to autumn during four years(from 2008 to 2011) was studied. Results indicated that meltwater are the main source of water for the upper Urumqi River. Seasonal variation of δ~(18) O in precipitation demonstrated that δ18 O was more enriched in summer and depleted in spring and autumn. Temperature was positively correlated with isotopes, while precipitation amount and relative humidity was negatively correlated with isotopes. The water vapor was affected by westerly air mass and regional water vapor cycle. Meanwhile, back trajectory clustering analyses showed that the moisture mainly from Europe and central Asia. The moisture was more likely to be locally sourced with the ratio was 46.8%～52.1%.  相似文献   

粤港澳大湾区知识网络空间结构演化特征与影响机制   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高爽  王少剑  王泽宍 《热带地理》2019,39(5):678-688

以2000—2018年国内外期刊数据库合作论文数据为基础,借助社会网络分析和空间结构指数法分析了粤港澳大湾区知识空间网络结构演化特征与影响因素,结果发现：1）知识网络格局由广州的“一家独大”逐渐演变为广州、深圳、香港“齐头并进”的发展态势。香港虽然处于知识网络的核心位置,但受行政壁垒的影响,主要与广州、深圳高等级的城市建立紧密的知识合作联系。2）粤港澳大湾区知识联系网络呈现“核心—边缘”结构,西部地区知识联系远低于东部地区,虽然研究期内湾区的知识网络的极化特征得到一定的缓解,但不均衡性仍然显著。3）湾区知识活动主体的自身需求是促进城市间知识合作的内在驱动力,知识环境和知识联系通道是区域知识合作网络外在推动力,在内生作用和外生作用的共同影响下,知识合作产出得以实现,粤港澳大湾区知识网络得以发展。  相似文献   

龙胆祛湿汤加减联合海棠丁香凝胶治疗亚急性湿疹36例          下载免费PDF全文

梁爽  周继刚  付婷婷 《应用海洋学学报》2019,35(4):12-14

目的：观察龙胆祛湿汤加减联合海棠丁香凝胶治疗亚急性湿疹（湿热蕴肤型）的临床疗效。方法：将76例亚急性湿疹（湿热蕴肤型）患者随机分为治疗组36例与对照组40例。治疗组采用龙胆祛湿汤加减联合海棠丁香凝胶治疗,对照组采用盐酸左西替利嗪治疗。观察2组治疗前后症状体征评分,评定临床疗效。结果：总有效率治疗组为97.22%,对照组为82.50%,组间比较,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：龙胆祛湿汤加减联合海棠丁香凝胶治疗亚急性湿疹（湿热蕴肤型）的临床疗效优于盐酸左西替利嗪治疗,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献