Development of two novel CYP-antibodies and their use in a PCB exposure experiment with Mytilus edulis     

Jonsson H  Sandnes KV  Schiedek D  Schneider R  Grøsvik BE  Goksøyr A 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):655-658

In an attempt to learn more about the cytochrome P450 (CYP) system of mussels, we used protein databases and alignment software to extract highly conserved CYP sequences. From these alignments synthetic peptides were produced and used for rabbit immunisation, which yielded polyclonal antibodies against the CYP families 2 and 4. The antibodies were evaluated with Western Blot and ELISA assays, using digestive gland microsomal samples from the mussel Mytilus edulis. Western Blots revealed immunoreactions for both antibodies. The anti-CYP2 sequence rendered one major immunopositive protein of approximately 49 kDa size, and weak signals for proteins of approximately 41 and 56 kDa size. The anti-CYP4 sequence rendered two major bands of approximately 56 and 59 kDa size, and also a weak immunoreaction with a protein of approximately 43 kDa size. ELISA rendered only weak signals even with a 1:50 dilution of IgG-purified serum. A 10-day exposure to Aroclor 1254 did not appear to affect any of the immunopositive proteins, while total PCBs in soft bodies increased from 14-40 ng/g DW in controls to 373-638 ng/g DW in exposed mussels.  相似文献   

Fatal attraction: synthetic musk fragrances compromise multixenobiotic defense systems in mussels     

Luckenbach T  Corsi I  Epel D 《Marine environmental research》2004,58(2-5):215-219

We studied interactions of nitromusk compounds musk ketone and musk xylene and polycyclic musks Galaxolide trade mark (HHCB), Celestolide trade mark (ADBI), Tetralide trade mark (AHTN), and Traseolide trade mark (AITI) with multixenobiotic resistance (mxr) transporters in gill tissue of the marine mussel Mytilus californianus (Conrad, 1837). A competitive substrate transport test with rhodamine B was used to assay modulation of transport activity by musks. All tested musks inhibited the transport activity in the low microm range as indicated by increased accumulation of rhodamine B in the tissue. Compared to known substrates of mxr transporters, the effective concentration range was similar to quinidine and about 100 times higher than verapamil. Musk ketone and musk xylene also inhibited efflux of rhodamine B from gill tissue which was loaded with the dye and subsequently incubated with these compounds. Synthetic musk compounds are persistent environmental pollutants in aquatic environments with a high potential to bioaccumulate. As potent inhibitors of mxr transporters they may also play a role as chemosensitizers that enable toxic mxr substrates to accumulate in cells of aquatic organisms.  相似文献   

海水及天然水中痕量汞的冷原子吸收直接测定     

潜琬英  周家义  崔俊芝  王明彪  黄敏芬 《海洋与湖沼》1978,9(2):141-150

自从水俣病发生以来,人们对环境中汞的含量愈益重视。据报道海水中汞的浓度为0.5—364ngl~(-1),其含量虽如此之微,但为了准确测定不同海域海水中汞含量的自然背景值及评价不同海区水域是否受到汞污染,则要求测定方法具有很高的灵敏度和低的检出限。为了使方法的灵敏度能适应于测定海水中的汞含量,曾采用过预浓缩后进行冷原子吸收测定的方法。近年来,为提高汞的冷原子吸收测定方法的灵敏度  相似文献   

通过对重力波曳力的参数化来减小数值天气预报和大气环流模式中的系统性误差     

N.Mcfarlane  D.Wshantz  C.Girard 《海洋预报》1988,(Z1)

一、引 言 由于地形性激发的中尺度重力波的中断,在加拿大气候中心大气环流谱模式中有时候采用了波的曳力效应的参数化。这一参数化的细节以及它在大气环流模式气候模拟中影响的讨论,可见Boer等人(1985)的工作。 最近,人们利用激发重力波次尺度地形的更好的描绘,来修改这一参数化方案。还有,使用Lindzen(1981)的波饱和概念来描述曳力效应。这一关于地形重力波曳力参数化的作法已在加拿大气候中心的大气环流谱模式中广泛试验,在加拿大气象中心的业务的谱数值预报模式中也正在普遍进行试验。本文的目的所在于概述在这些模式中正在普遍使用的波的曳力方案,并且证明这一方案在消除中期预报和大气环流模拟的系统性误差方面的用处。  相似文献   

关于E1 Nio现象的研究     

高士英 《海洋预报》1986,(3)

前 言 E1 Ni(?)o现象越来越引起人们的注意。因为E1 Ni(?)o现象经常伴随着出现全球大气的异常。E1 Ni(?)o年会使原来干旱的赤道东太平洋地带有强烈的降水。南美和北美沿岸也常造成洪水灾害。1982年强E1 Ni(?)o年中加利福尼亚的洪水造成了几亿美元的损失。而印度尼西亚和澳大利亚以及南非却会遭受持久的干旱。E1 Ni(?)o现象对我国的气候也有明显的影响,有人认为我国东北地区夏季的低温冷害和南方梅雨的多寡与E1 Ni(?)o现象有关。 近年来,对E1 Ni(?)o现象的研究已作了很多工作。本文试图对E1 i(?)o现象的研究概况作一简要的介绍。  相似文献   

北海盆地第三纪深海扇的定量分析     

T．Reynolds何拥军  刘健 《海洋地质前沿》1995,(3):12-13

北海盆地第三纪深海扇的定量分析Ｔ．Ｒｅｙｎｏｌｄｓ深海扇内富存有大量的碳氢化合物。因此，无论是从扇容积作为石油储层还是在生产期提供水的补给方面来说，它们的规模、几何形态、砂的体积、纯砂体积与总体积之比以及砂的连通性都是石油工业的关键问题。但是，至今深...  相似文献   

东海东北海域环流的数值研究     

李龙章  T. Ichiye 《海洋学报》1986,8(2):142-150

本文用二维正压非线性模式研究东海东北海域(包括朝鲜海峡)的流型。该海域的环流主要为海底地形所支配。科氏效应对环流的变动很重要,β效应则是次要的。作为研究该海域的第一步,风应力未予考虑。该海域的海流在夏季比冬季强,朝鲜海峡一带尤为明显,这与所观察到的对马海流输运的年变化是一致的。在附录中导出了带底应力的应涡守恒方程,并用以分析该海域东北和东南部的流场,以便与数值结果进行比较。  相似文献   

Responses of a Mediterranean soft bottom community to short-term (1993-1996) hydrological changes in the Rhone river   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Salen-Picard C  Arlhac D  Alliot E 《Marine environmental research》2003,55(5):409-427

The polychaete fauna of muddy bottoms off the Rhone delta (NW Mediterranean) was seasonally sampled at two sites at 70 m depth, from 1993 to 1996. During this period, five severe flood events occurred. A clustering analysis (distance coefficient of Whittaker) and three way fixed factor ANOVAs (site x season x year) showed strong year-to-year changes in species density and community structure, changes that masked seasonal variations. Total density increased by a factor of 3 and density of most species significantly increased following the first flooding event. Changes in the community structure were due to the successive dominance of a few species. The opportunistic species, such as Cossura sp., Mediomastus sp. and Polycirrus sp., exhibited peaks in density 1-3 months after the flood. These peaks were followed by a drastic decline. For species with a long life span, such as Sternaspis scutata, a slower but continuous increase in density was observed which was maintained for several months. The density fluctuations of these species exhibited a good correlation with river flow with time lags of 1-2 years. The successional dynamics observed are explained according to the geographical origin of the floods and the biology and feeding ecology of species.  相似文献   

A NEW MODEL FOR PEBBLE BEACH TRACER DISPERSAL     

A. T. WILLIAMS 《海洋学报(英文版)》1987,6(2):229-234

A series of eight tracer experiments were carried out over one year (1983) on a low energy, macro-tidal beach in South Wales, UK. Tracer movement was monitored and 30 pebbles adjacent to coloured tracer pebbles were measured. Measurements were of the A, B, and C axes, roundness, Maximum Projection Sphericity and Oblate-Prolate indices. Analysis shows that through time, the percentage rejection of these properties increased. It is theorised that the surface tracers are 'misfits' or 'rejects' which have not found their equilibrium position in the pebble facies.  相似文献   

预报E1 Ni(?)o的一个尝试     

高士英  王静曙 《海洋预报》1987,(1)

本文利用1949—1984年西北太平洋地区的台风资料,分析了近赤道的西北太平洋台风与E1Nino的关系。提出了一个利用西北太平洋近赤道台风预报E1Nino的方法,预报结果是令人满意的。  相似文献