On the origin of oriented rutile needles in garnet from UHP eclogites   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

S. L. HWANG  T. F. YUI  H. T. CHU  P. SHEN  H. P. SCHERTL  R. Y. ZHANG  J. G. LIOU 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2007,25(3):349-362

Although oriented rutile needles in garnet have been reported from several ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) rocks and considered to be important UHP indicators, their crystallographic features including growth habit and lattice correspondences with garnet host have never been properly characterized. This paper presents a detailed analytical electron microscopic (AEM) study on evenly distributed oriented rutile needles in garnet of two eclogitic rocks from Sulu. Some garnet in one UHP diamondiferous quartzofeldspathic rock from the Saxonian Erzgebirge, and in one high‐pressure (HP) felsic granulite from Bohemia also contain a few unevenly distributed oriented rutile needles. They have also been studied for the purpose of comparison. Despite different distribution patterns, AEM revealed that all rutile needles are oriented along the 〈111〉 directions of garnet with their lateral sides surrounded by the {110} planes of garnet, and that the growth directions of most needles are close to the normal of the {101} planes of rutile. No other specific crystallographic orientation relationships between rutile and garnet host were observed, and there is no pyroxene associated with rutile, as necessitated by the precipitation reaction of rutile in garnet as previously proposed. A simple solid‐state precipitation scenario for the formation of the rutile needles in garnet in these two eclogitic rocks is not justified. Three alternative mechanisms are considered for the formation of oriented rutile needles: (i) the rutile needles may be inherited from precursor minerals; (ii) the rutile needles may be formed by a dissolution–reprecipitation mechanism; and (iii) the rutile needles may be formed by cleaving and healing of garnet with rutile deposition. None of these mechanisms can fully explain the observations, although the first one is less likely and the third one is preferred. This study presents an example where the presence of oriented/aligned inclusions in minerals does not necessarily imply a precipitation origin.  相似文献   

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孟国杰  申旭辉  伍吉仓  任金卫 《大地测量与地球动力学》2007,27(1):19-23

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气候变化感知对城市居民冰雪旅游环境责任行为的影响机制——以北京市为例     

王金伟  鹿广娟  张丽艳  曹淑婷  雷婷  孙洁 《地理研究》2023,42(2):440-457

冰雪旅游是推动冰雪经济与旅游产业高质量融合发展的重要途径,现已成为文旅产业中最具潜力的领域之一。然而在全球气候变化的影响下,冰雪旅游发展面临严峻挑战。文章以北京市为例,运用结构方程模型对冰雪旅游情境中城市居民的气候变化感知、感知价值、旅游意向和环境责任行为等变量间的影响关系及其形成机制进行分析。研究发现：(1)气候变化感知分为气候变化表征和气候变化风险两个维度,且两者显著正向影响冰雪旅游感知价值。同时,气候变化风险显著正向影响旅游者环境责任行为。(2)冰雪旅游感知价值显著正向影响冰雪旅游意向和环境责任行为。(3)冰雪旅游意向显著正向影响环境责任行为。(4)旅游经历在气候变化感知对冰雪旅游意向和环境责任行为的影响关系中具有显著的正向调节作用。本研究对厘清冰雪旅游情境下气候变化感知对游客环境责任行为的复杂影响机理具有重要的理论价值,同时也能够在一定程度上为相关部门把握“后冬奥”黄金机遇,推动冰雪旅游高质量发展提供决策参考。  相似文献   

Has climate change driven spatio-temporal changes of cropland in northern China since the 1970s?   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Wenjiao Shi  Fulu Tao  Jiyuan Liu  Xinliang Xu  Wenhui Kuang  Jinwei Dong  Xiaoli Shi 《Climatic change》2014,124(1-2):163-177

Improving the understanding of cropland change and its driving factors is a current focus for policy decision-makers in China. The datasets of cropland and cropland changes from the 1970s to the 2000s were used to explore whether climate change has produced spatio-temporal changes to cropland in northern China since the 1970s. Two representative indicators of heat and water resources, which are important determinants of crop growth and productivity, were considered to track climate change, including active accumulated temperatures ≥10 °C (AAT10) and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI). Our results showed that rapid cropland change has occurred in northern China since the 1970s, and the area of cropland reclamation (10.23 million ha) was much greater than that of abandoned cropland (2.94 million ha). In the 2000s, the area of cropland with AAT10 higher than 3,000 °C·d increased, while the area of cropland with an SPEI greater than 0.25 decreased compared to the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. It appears that climate warming has provided thermal conditions that have aided rapid cropland reclamation in northern China since the 1970s, and drier climatic conditions did not become a limiting factor for cropland reclamation, especially from the 1990s to the 2000s. Approximately 70 % of cropland reclamation areas were located in warmer but drier regions from the 1990s to the 2000s, and approximately 40 % of cropland abandonment occurred in warmer and wetter conditions that were suitable for agriculture during the periods from the 1970s to the 1980s and the 1990s to the 2000s. Our results suggest that climate change can be considered a driving factor of cropland change in the past several decades in northern China, in addition to socioeconomic factors.  相似文献   

区域土地利用影响地表CO₂浓度异质性特征的动力学机制     

邓祥征  蒋思坚  李星  赵海鹏  韩赜  董金玮  孙志刚  陈明星 《地理学报》2022,77(4):936-946

本文综合应用高斯方程和拉姆齐模型,针对京津冀地区2000年以来10 km×10 km栅格尺度的地表CO₂浓度开展研究,分析了区域土地利用影响地表CO₂浓度异质性特征的动力学机制。研究发现：① 地表CO₂浓度与土地利用类型密切相关。2000—2018年京津冀地区CO₂浓度的高值区主要集中于经济较发达的快速城镇化地区;② 土地利用强度及土地利用效率上的时空分异为地表CO₂扩散提供了潜在的势能。京津冀地区地表CO₂排放及扩散存在明显的空间异质性,距离CO₂排放高值区越近,其相应的CO₂浓度越高并随时间推移及空间拓展呈逐步减小的态势;③ 京津冀地区在土地利用结构调整、格局优化及效率提升后,CO₂排放强度增幅明显减弱,其区域间的增幅差异也逐渐缩小。产业转型发展、土地利用格局优化、土地利用效率提高有效地抑制了京津冀地区地表CO₂排放强度的提升并促进了该区域的内涵式增长与高质量发展。  相似文献   

Climate change affecting temperature and aridity zones: a case study in Eastern Inner Mongolia, China from 1960–2008     

Jinwei Dong  Jiyuan Liu  Geli Zhang  Jeffrey B. Basara  Scott Greene  Xiangming Xiao 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2013,113(3-4):561-572

Recent climate change is substantially affecting the spatial pattern of geographical zones, and the temporal and spatial inconsistency of climatic warming and drying patterns contributes to the complexity of the shifting of temperature and aridity zones. Eastern Inner Mongolia, China, located in the interface region of different biomes and ecogeographic zones, has experienced dramatic drying and warming over the past several decades. In this study, the annual accumulated temperature above 10 °C (AAT10) and the aridity index, two key indicators in geographical regionalization, are used to assess warming and drying processes and track the movements of temperature and aridity zones from 1960 to 2008. The results show a significant warming at the regional level from 1960 to 2008 with an AAT10 increase rate of 7.89 °C·d/year (p?<?0.001) in Eastern Inner Mongolia, while the drying trend was not significant during this period. Spatial heterogeneity of warming and drying distributions was also evident. Analysis of warming and drying via piecewise regression revealed two separate, specific trends between the first 31 years (1960–1990) and the subsequent 18 years (1991–2008). Generally, mild warming and very slight wetting occurred prior to 1990, while after 1991 both warming and drying were significant and enhanced. Continuous warming drove a northward shift of temperature zones from the 1960s to 2000s, while aridity zones displayed enhanced temporal and spatial variability. Climate change effects on temperature and aridity zones imply that the patterns of cropping systems, macro-ecosystems, and human land use modes are potentially undergoing migration and modification due to climate change.  相似文献   

基于CLM3模拟的中国区域陆地水资源分析     

杜川利  刘晓东  WUWanli 《陕西气象》2008,(1):1-6

针对2007年7月30日发生在山西省南部的区域暴雨局部特大暴雨天气过程,利用多种资料,计算了多种物理量,分析了其演变特征,指出a)前期500 hPa阻塞高压和切断低压的形成和长期维持以及副热带高压的稳定加强、维持,是造成山西大范嗣降水和区域暴雨天气的特殊环流背景.b)特殊背景下形成的MCS是造成此次南部区域暴雨的直接影响系统,强烈而持续的水汽夹卷作用、对流层高层强抽吸作用使得MCS维持和加强.c)地形性辐合的存在使得垂直上升运动加强,而高位势不稳定能量的释放与低层迎风坡面上低云的相互作用,使得MCS不断发展,使雨强出现了3次强烈增幅.  相似文献   

In-situ sulfur isotope and trace element of pyrite constraints on the formation and evolution of the Nibao Carlin-type gold deposit in SW China     

Li  Jinxiang  Zhao  Chenghai  Huang  Yong  Zhuo  Yuzhou  Li  Jinwei 《中国地球化学学报》2019,38(4):555-575

Acta Geochimica - The fault-controlled Nibao Carlin-type gold deposit, together with the strata-bound Shuiyindong deposit, comprise a significant amount of the disseminated gold deposits in...  相似文献   

采煤对山西地下水资源的破坏及污染     

李振拴  王晋伟 《中国煤炭地质》2019,(5):42-44,59

山西煤炭资源储量大、分布广、品种全、质量优,开采技术条件简单,开采历史悠久。但山西地处黄土高原,水资源贫乏。采煤对地表及地下水的破坏不仅在数量上,更为严重的是对地下水的污染是永久的,无法治理及不可恢复的,需引起高度重视。  相似文献   

一种链码跟踪与相位验证相结合的直线提取方法   总被引：3，自引：2，他引：1  

戴激光  张力  李晋威  方鑫鑫 《测绘学报》2017,46(2):218-227

提出了一种链码跟踪与相位验证相结合的直线提取方法。该方法首先针对Canny边缘图提出一种完全细化方法;其次提出一种改进的链码跟踪方法,其步骤包括检测链码端点,建立动态链码主方向确定链码跟踪方向,优先跟踪八邻域内边缘点,八邻域内无边缘点再进行八邻域外边缘点,并采用直线化分析对链码进行动态约束;最后对链码进行直线拟合及相位验证,满足条件输出直线,不满足要求的链码则重新设定端点进行跟踪直线提取。通过多种不同光学图像数据的试验结果分析表明,本文所提出的方法不仅能够精确实现边缘直线信息的拟合,并且能够解决由于白噪声及相位编组所引起的直线断裂问题。  相似文献