Supercooled water in austral summer in Prydz Bay, Antarctica     

史久新  程瑶瑶  矫玉田  侯家强 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(2):427-437

Supercooled water with temperatures below freezing point,was identified from hydrographic data obtained by Chinese and Australian expeditions to Prydz Bay,Antarctica,during the austral summer.The study shows that most supercooled waters occurred at depths of 63-271 m in the region north of the Amery Ice Shelf(AIS) front.The maximum supercooling was 0.16°C below the in-situ freezing point.In temperature and salinity ranges of-2.14--1.96°C and 34.39-34.46,respectively,the water was colder and fresher than peripheral shelf water.The supercooled water had less variability in the vertical profiles compared to shelf water.Based on analysis of their thermohaline features and spatial distribution,as well as the circulation pattern in Prydz Bay,we conclude that these supercooled waters originated from a cavity beneath the AIS and resulted from upwelling just outside of the AIS front.Water emerging from the ice shelf cools to an extremely low temperature(about-2.0°C) by additional cooling from the ice shelf,and becomes buoyant with the addition of melt water from the ice shelf base.When this water flows out of the ice shelf front,its upper boundary is removed,and thus it rises abruptly.Once the temperature of this water reaches below the freezing point,supercooling takes place.In summer,the seasonal pycnocline at-100 m water depth acts as a barrier to upwelling and supercooling.The upwelling of ice shelf outflow water illuminates a unique mid-depth convection of the polar ocean.  相似文献   

Surface circulation derived from drifting buoys in mid- and low-latitude Pacific     

苏京志李明悝  侯一筠尹宝树 方国洪 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2006,24(4):333-337

1 INTRODUCTION Measuring the velocity of ocean currents is one of the most important tasks in physical oceanography research. Many centuries ago, mariners had begun to obtain the sea surface cur- rents from vessel drift records. As early as in 1870s instr…  相似文献   

银河系化学元素的丰度特征和合成图像(I):星际介质中轻元素丰度的观测及其特征     

侯金良 《天文学进展》1997,(4)

给出并解释了星际介质中轻元素D，3He，4He和Li的最新观测数据．星际介质中轻元素的丰度观测结果可以用来检验标准大爆炸核合成理论，因此对这些元素的丰度研究具有重要的天体物理意义．到目前为止，轻元素丰度的观测结果基本上支持开放宇宙的观点．根据最新的观测结果，在本地星际介质中D丰度可能存在小尺度不均匀性，而对类星体吸收云的观测表明不同观测者所获得的原初D丰度结果最大差别可达一个量级．如果观测是可靠的，那么在目前的标准大爆炸核合成理论和星系化学演化模型框架下还不能解释这种结果．另外种种迹象表明太阳系丰度可能不代表45亿年前本地星际介质的丰度．  相似文献   

Erratum to “Platinum group element abundances in a peat layer associated with the Tunguska event, further evidence for a cosmic origin” [Planetary and Space Science, 52 (2004) 331-340]     

Q.L Hou  E.M Kolesnikov  N.V Kolesnikova  M Sun 《Planetary and Space Science》2004,52(8):773

  相似文献   

Monitoring periodically national land use changes and analyzing their spatiotemporal patterns in China during 2015–2020     

Kuang  Wenhui  Zhang  Shuwen  Du  Guoming  Yan  Changzhen  Wu  Shixin  Li  Rendong  Lu  Dengsheng  Pan  Tao  Ning  Jing  Guo  Changqing  Dong  Jinwei  Bao  Yuhai  Chi  Wenfeng  Dou  Yinyin  Hou  Yali  Yin  Zherui  Chang  Liping  Yang  Jiuchun  Xie  Jiali  Qiu  Juan  Zhang  Hansong  Zhang  Yubo  Yang  Shiqi  Sa  Rigai  Liu  Jiyuan 《地理学报(英文版)》2022,32(9):1705-1723

Journal of Geographical Sciences - High-resolution mapping and monitoring of national land use/cover changes contribute significantly to the knowledge of the interaction between human activities...  相似文献   

北淮阳地区变质地层序列与构造变形特征   总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18  

汤加富  侯明金  石乾华  周存亭  徐家聪 《安徽地质》1995,(3)

本文较详细阐述了近年来北淮阳地区在变质地层序列与构造变形特征方面研究的新进展。对梅山群的解体与新归属、原庐镇关群的解体与废名、佛子岭岩群的新含义作了简要论述。通过近年来不断深入的构造解剖，阐明了区内由早期伸展构造体制下的褶叠层；主期收缩体制下，以折劈理为标志的叠加向斜；以及晚期多期次自南而北的滑覆逆冲构造的主要特征，将为区内在新的地质背景下开展找矿工作提供了地质依据。  相似文献   

Listening to the Deep: live monitoring of ocean noise and cetacean acoustic signals     

André M  van der Schaar M  Zaugg S  Houégnigan L  Sánchez AM  Castell JV 《Marine pollution bulletin》2011,63(1-4):18-26

The development and broad use of passive acoustic monitoring techniques have the potential to help assessing the large-scale influence of artificial noise on marine organisms and ecosystems. Deep-sea observatories have the potential to play a key role in understanding these recent acoustic changes. LIDO (Listening to the Deep Ocean Environment) is an international project that is allowing the real-time long-term monitoring of marine ambient noise as well as marine mammal sounds at cabled and standalone observatories. Here, we present the overall development of the project and the use of passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) techniques to provide the scientific community with real-time data at large spatial and temporal scales. Special attention is given to the extraction and identification of high frequency cetacean echolocation signals given the relevance of detecting target species, e.g. beaked whales, in mitigation processes, e.g. during military exercises.  相似文献   

Stochastic simulation of bivariate gamma distribution: a frequency-factor based approach     

Ke-Sheng Cheng  Ju-Chen Hou  Jun-Jih Liou  Yii-Chen Wu  Jie-Lun Chiang 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2011,25(2):107-122

A frequency-factor based approach for stochastic simulation of bivariate gamma distribution is proposed. The approach involves generation of bivariate normal samples with a correlation coefficient consistent with the correlation coefficient of the corresponding bivariate gamma samples. Then the bivariate normal samples are transformed to bivariate gamma samples using the well-known general equation of hydrological frequency analysis. We demonstrate that the proposed bivariate gamma simulation approach is capable of generating random sample pairs which not only have the desired marginal densities of component random variables but also their correlation coefficient. Scatter plots of simulated bivariate sample pairs also exhibit appropriate linear patterns (dependence structure) that are commonly observed in environmental and hydrological applications. Caution should also be exercised when specifying combinations of coefficients of skewness and the correlation coefficient for bivariate gamma simulation.  相似文献   

西安地区砌体结构校舍抗震加固设计方法研究     

侯卫  周雪峰  郝丽  申建光 《震灾防御技术》2011,6(2):130-135

对震后中小学校舍进行抗震加固是我国各级政府在汶川地震后给工程技术人员提出的重要课题.本文针对西安地区中小学校舍的抗震加固设计进行了论述.对其存在的安全隐患,可依据抗震鉴定的结论及现场实地勘察,综合考虑施工进度、施工复杂程度、工期等因素,选用相应的抗震加固设计方案.根据设计过程中出现的问题,本文还提出了工程建议,可为类似的工程设计、施工提供借鉴.  相似文献   

Gushan magnetite–apatite deposit in the Ningwu basin, Lower Yangtze River Valley, SE China: Hydrothermal or Kiruna-type?     

Tong Hou  Zhaochong Zhang  Timothy Kusky 《Ore Geology Reviews》2011,43(1):333-346

The Gushan deposit is one of the typical magnetite–apatite deposits associated with dioritic porphyries in the Lower Yangtze River Valley belt of the eastern Yangtze craton. The origin of this deposit is still uncertain and remains a controversial issue. Divergent opinions are centered on whether the iron deposits are magmatic or hydrothermal in origin. However, our field observations and mineralogical studies, combined with previous published petrological and geochemical features strongly suggest that the main ore bodies in the Gushan magnetite–apatite deposit are magmatic. Specific evidence includes the existence of gas bubbles, tubes, and miarolitic and amygdaloidal structures, melt flow banding structure and the presence of “ore breccia”. New electron microprobe analyses of the pyroxene phenocrysts of the dioritic porphyry genetically associated with the Gushan magnetite–apatite deposit show that the Fe contents in the evolving magma dramatically decrease, and then gradually increase. Because there is no evidence of mafic magma recharge, this scenario (decreasing Fe) could be plausibly interpreted by Fe-rich melts separated from Fe-poor silicate melts, i.e., liquid immiscibility was triggered by minor addition of phosphorus by crustal contamination. The occurrence of massive iron ore bodies can be satisfactorily explained by the immiscible Fe-rich melt with enormous volatile contents was driven to the top of the magma chamber due to the low density. The hot and volatile-rich iron ore magma was injected along fractures and spaces between the dioritic intrusions and wall-rocks, and led to an explosion near the surface, resulting in the immediate fragmentation of the roof of the intrusion and wall-rocks, forming brecciated ores. Moreover, other types of ores can be considered as a result of post-magmatic hydrothermal activities. Our proposed metallogenic model involving the Kiruna-type mineralization is consistent with the observed phenomenon in the Gushan deposit.  相似文献