Late Middle Pleistocene glaciation in East Anglia, England   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

PHILIP L. GIBBARD  ANTTI H. PASANEN  RICHARD G. WEST  JUHA PEKKA LUNKKA  STEVE BOREHAM  KIM M. COHEN  CHRISTOPHER ROLFE 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》2009,38(3):504-528

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朝鲜半岛中部的志留系特征及其地质意义     

金炳成  王训练  江进建  李哲俊  李斌  许哲雄  金明学 《地学前缘》2018,25(4):23-31

朝鲜半岛的志留系仅见于中朝克拉通东缘朝鲜半岛中部的平南盆地。该盆地志留系发育于谷山-新溪-遂安地区和法洞地区。谷山-新溪-遂安地区的志留系划分为碎屑碳酸盐岩组成的谷山组和碳酸盐岩为主的月阳里组,化石非常丰富,包括珊瑚类、腕足类、海百合类和腹足类等,该地区谷山组中部和月阳里组上部发育以床板珊瑚为主的生物礁。法洞地区志留系主要为碎屑岩,夹碳酸盐岩薄层,化石极少。将平南盆地志留系生物地层划分为5个组合带,自下而上依次为Striispirifer shiqianensis带、Palaeofavosites balticusCamarotoechia ubsuensis组合带、Favosites songrimensisLeptostrophia guizhouensis组合带、Parastriatopora coreanicusPleurorima granata组合带和Pentagonocyclicus monocostatusPentagonopentagonalis probus组合带。据此认为谷山组时代为兰多维列世,月阳里组时代为温洛克世-罗德洛世。  相似文献   

磁铁石英岩铁运输沉淀的pH值条件约束:以朝鲜半岛龙渊铁矿床为例     

金润成  李国武  尹京武  金炳成  金哲秀 《地学前缘》2019,26(2):304-311

前寒武纪时期铁矿形成过程中铁物质如何迁移的研究,已取得了众多科研成果,但仍有些问题未得到很好的解决。尤其是对陆壳来源性铁矿床(非Algoma类型)的成因,仍然具有诸多争议,焦点主要集中在铁迁移问题。笔者以朝鲜半岛龙渊铁矿床为例研究了铁介质形成和运输的问题。首先通过铁矿石的地球化学研究和前人研究结果的考察,发现此铁矿床不属于Algoma类型,而是在强酸性介质条件下陆壳物质风化、移动和沉积而形成的。那么为什么会出现如此强大的酸性环境条件呢？为了揭示这一点,对在当时环境下把水的性质能够变成酸性的物质进行了热力学计算。研究结果表明,当硫化物如黄铁矿风化时,形成了能够使铁源物质风化和迁移的介质。这些结果也符合这样一个事实,即目前从富含硫化物地层淋沥的水的pH值小于3.5,并且铁含量远高于非硫化物类型的地层。本次研究结果表明,陆壳来源的铁矿床形成过程中,不能忽视硫化物的风化作用。  相似文献   

Validation of Sea Level Data in the East Asian Marginal Seas： Comparison between TOPEX／POSEIDON Altimeter and In-Situ Tide Gauges     

Yong-Hoon YOUN  Im Sang OH  Ki-Hyun KIM  Young-Hyang PARK  Jong Woo KIM 《大气科学进展》2003,20(4):650-660

In an effort to assess the reliability of satellite altimeter systems, the authors conduct a comparative analysis of sea level data that were collected from the TOPEX/POSEIDON (T/P) altimeter and 10 tide gauges (TG) near the satellite passing ground tracks. The analysis is made using datasets collected from marginal sea regions surrounding the Korean Peninsula at T/P cycles of 2 to 230, which correspond to October 1992 to December 1998. Proper treatment of tidal errors is a very critical step in data processing because the study area has very strong tide. When the T/P data are processed, the procedures of Park and Gamberoni (1995) are adapted to reduce errors associated with the tide. When the T/P data are processed in this way, the alias periods of M2, $2, and K1 constituents are found to be 62.1, 58.7, and 173 days repectively. The compatibility of the T/P and TG datasets are examined at various filtering periods.The results indicate that the low-frequency signals of the T/P data can be interpreted more safely with longer filtering periods (such as up to the maximum selected value of 200 days). When RMS errors for the 200-day low-pass filter period are compared with all 10 tidal stations, the values span the range of 2.8 to 6.7 cm. The results of a correlation analysis for this filtering period also show a strong agreement between the T/P and TG datasets across all stations investigated (e.g., p-values consistently less than 0.001). Hence according to the analysis, the conclusion is made that the analysis of surface sea level using satellite altimeter data can be made safely with reasonably extended filtering periods such as 200 days.  相似文献   

Storm-influenced siliciclastic and carbonate ramp deposits, the Lower Ordovician Dumugol Formation, South Korea   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

YONG IL LEE  JEONG CHAN KIM 《Sedimentology》1992,39(6):951-969

The Dumugol Formation (Lower Ordovician) in the southern part of the Baegunsan syncline, South Korea, contains mixed siliciclastic and carbonate ramp deposits. The ramp sediments were frequently influenced by storm events resulting in tempestites of sandstone-mudstone couplets, bioclastic grainstones to packstones, flat-pebble conglomerates, a skeletal lag layer and laminated calcisiltites. All tempestites are characterized by an erosive to sharp base, poor grading and a transitional upper boundary. The difference in lithology of tempestites appears to have been controlled by the nature of substrates and by proximality. For example, laminated calcisiltites have developed on the shallow carbonate ramp, flat-pebble conglomerates are closely associated with nodular limestones on shallow and deep ramps, and thin skeletal lag layers from fossiliferous argillaceous sediments formed in a basinal setting. The stratigraphic succession of the Dumugol Formation represents an initial transgression followed by a regression. The vertical facies change records the transition from a shallow siliciclastic ramp to a deep carbonate ramp, to a basin, shallowing to a deep carbonate ramp, and to a shallow carbonate ramp. Storm effects are mostly well preserved in shallow to deep ramp deposits.  相似文献   

SEDIMENT BUDGET OF THE ILLINOIS RIVER     

Misganaw DEMISSIE  Renjie XIA  Laura KEEFER  Nani G. BHOWMIK 《国际泥沙研究》2003,(2)

1 BACKGROUND The Illinois River is the most significant river in the state of Illinois. The river drains nearly half of the state and has a drainage area of 28,906 mi2 (74,867 km2). Except for about a 4,000 mi2 (10,360 km2) area in Indiana and Wisconsin, the watershed is located in Illinois (see Fig. 1). The watershed contains the drainage basins of several of the state's significant rivers such as the Sangamon, LaMoine, Spoon, Mackinaw, Vermilion, Fox, Kankakee, and Des Plaines Ri…  相似文献   

TEMPORAL VARIATION OF SUSPENDED SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION FOR WAVES OVER RIPPLES     

Hyoseob KIM 《国际泥沙研究》2003,18(3)

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TEM and XRD determination of crystallite size and lattice strain as a function of illite crystallinity in pelitic rocks   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

W.-T. JIANG  D. R. PEACOR  P. ÁRKAI  M. TÓTH  & J. W. KIM 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1997,15(2):267-281

Average crystallite size and mean-square strain of illite in rock specimens and clay separates were measured independently in TEM images and by single-line Fourier (Voigt method) profile analysis of the c. 1 nm peak of XRD patterns for a prograde sequence of pelitic rocks (illite crystallinity indices=0.17–0.58°Δ2θ) from the Gaspé Peninsula, Quebec. The TEM-determined crystallite sizes in clay separates approximate those determined by Fourier profile analyses and those calculated from illite crystallinity indices by the Scherrer equation, with the exception of the diagenetic sample. The crystallite sizes and mean-square strains of illite in rock samples exhibit a trend similar to that determined by profile analyses, but the average crystallite sizes are up to five times larger than those measured for clay separates. TEM images show that all rock samples have a wide range of crystallite sizes, and the proportions of larger crystallites increase with metamorphic grade. The diagenetic illite is defect-rich, fine-grained (mean thickness by volume=c. 70 nm), 1M_d material. Anchizonal illite tends to occur as separate aggregates of small 1M_d and larger 2M₁ crystals (c. 200 nm), comprising arrays of subparallel coalescing packets. The epizone sample has thick (c. 400 nm), defect-free crystals of muscovite occurring in stacks of parallel layers, or subhedral crystals intergrown with large-angle boundaries. Cleaved crystals that are free of intracrystalline layer terminations are dominant in clay separates of all samples, having ranges of smaller sizes with volume-average thicknesses of c. 43, 43, and 81 nm (c. 14, 28, 67 nm by the Voigt method), respectively, for the three zones. The results suggest that illite crystallinity indices do not provide a direct measure of a single microstructural state of illite in rocks, although they yield consistent limits for average crystallite sizes for the anchizone (23 & 48 nm here). Therefore, they serve as a general parameter of the degree of recrystallization on a relative basis, in part because the contributions of all peak-broadening variables (mixed layering, size and strain) decrease regularly with prograde regional metamorphism of pelites. The microstructural changes caused by rock disaggregation are probably a function of those variables as well. The data collectively demonstrate a trend from metastable, defect-rich, small crystals towards a stable assemblage of larger, defect-free crystals, through dissolution of strained crystals and neocrystallization, consistent with the Ostwald step rule.  相似文献   

Diagenesis of sandstones in the back-arc basins of the western Pacific Ocean     

YONG IL LEE  GEORGE DeVRIES  KLEIN 《Sedimentology》1986,33(5):651-675

ABSTRACT Sandstones occur in back-arc basins of the western Pacific at DSDP sites 299 (Sea of Japan), 297 (northern Shikoku Basin), 445 and 446 (Daito-Ridge-and-Basin Province), 453 (Mariana Trough), 286 (New Hebrides Basin) and 285 (South Fiji Basin). These sandstones are dominantly volcaniclastic arenites derived from andesitic island arcs. The degree of sandstone diagenesis is dependent on original composition, burial rate, heat flow history of the basin, and timing of sandstone deposition with respect to rifting processes and associated high heat flow.
Sandstones containing a larger proportion of volcaniclastic components showed more diagenetic effects than sandstones containing a significant volume of other rock fragments and mineral components. Sandstones deposited during early stages of rifting (sites 445, 446) with a slow burial rate and high crustal heat flow showed the greatest degree of downhole diagenetic change. These diagenetic changes include early pore-space reduction and rim cementation by clay minerals followed later by calcite, and subsequent pore-fill cementation by clinoptilolite, heulandite, analcite and later calcite. Replacement of recognizable volcanic rock fragments by chert, calcite and zeolites was observed in the deepest part of the hole. Sandstones deposited after rifting under conditions of associated lower heat flow showed considerably less diagenetic changes, particularly if burial was rapid.
The high heat flow associated with earliest rifting, associated fluid circulation driven by thermal convection, and slow burial rate controlled the diagenetic history of these sandstones. Thus, timing of sandstone deposition with rifting stage and associated burial rates were key factors in controlling sandstone diagenesis in back-arc basins.  相似文献   

Provenance of Jurassic accretionary complex: Mino terrane, inner zone of south-west Japan – implications for palaeogeography of eastern Asia     

YOUNG JI JOO  YONG IL LEE  KEN-ICHIRO HISADA† 《Sedimentology》2007,54(3):515-543

Provenance and tectonic history of the Jurassic accretionary complex, Mino terrane, located in the Inner Zone of south‐west Japan, were studied using sandstone framework composition and mudrock geochemistry. Modal analysis of sandstones shows that the tectonic setting of the source area for the studied Mino terrane clastic rocks was uplifted basement, largely dominated by high‐grade metamorphic terrain composed of quartz and feldspar, especially plagioclase. The textural and mineralogical immaturity, extent of alkali and alkaline earth element leaching, low chemical index of alteration values and depleted rare earth element (REE) contents suggest rapid uplift and erosion within the source terrain and a relatively weak weathering intensity. Factor analysis revealed that grain‐size effects governed compositional heterogeneity in the studied sediments. Provenance of the sediments is interpreted as being plagioclase‐enriched felsic basement rock, such as granodiorite, within a continental margin and evolved arc tectonic setting rather than active volcanic arc. Lack of a contribution from active volcanic arcs may have resulted from the cessation of volcanism during the reorganization of the subducting plate system and/or erosion of arc volcanics and exposure of basement. Considering the previous studies on palaeogeography and palaeocurrent reconstruction, the north‐eastern part of the Yeongnam massif in the Korean Peninsula is interpreted as the most probable source area for the studied turbidites. The results of mixing calculation for Mino terrane sediments suggest that Precambrian leucocratic granite and the basement rock of the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin shed large amounts of sediments to the Mino trench, whilst Precambrian granitic gneiss and the Triassic pluton supplied lesser amounts. The results of this study reveal that, although active subduction–accretion processes were occurring, the Mino trench was bordered by continental basement rocks. This knowledge contributes to enhanced understanding of the Jurassic palaeogeography of the east Asia continental margin.  相似文献