Further birth records of elephant seals Mirounga leonina in New Zealand (note)     

J. A. Mills  J. P. Ryder  P. W. Shaw  R. McLay 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(4):789-791

The second and third recorded births of southern elephant seals Mirounga leonina on the mainland of New Zealand occurred at Kaikoura in mid‐October 1976. One female pup died within 14 d of birth and the other (sex unknown) disappeared from the region with its mother on 19 November 1976.  相似文献   

新疆希勒库都克铜钼矿区岩浆混合作用: 来自锆石U-Pb年代学的证据   总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1  

龙灵利  王玉往  王京彬  王莉娟  李秋立  王书来  蒲克信  张会琼  廖震 《岩石学报》2010,26(2):449-456

新疆北部富蕴县内希勒库都克铜钼矿区的花岗闪长岩及其包体岩相学、矿物化学和岩石地球化学特征及野外地质特征显示其为岩浆混合作用的结果。本文获得花岗闪长岩及其中暗色微粒包体玄武安山玢岩、细粒辉长闪长岩锆石U-Pb年龄为326.8±2.1Ma、327.6±2.4Ma、329.3±2.3Ma,年龄值基本一致,这一结果从年代学角度为花岗闪长岩及其中暗色微粒包体的岩浆混合作用成因提供证据。偏酸性的花岗闪长质与偏基性玄武安山质岩浆混合作用形成了331.9±2.1Ma的安山玢岩脉。  相似文献   

A new insight into land use classification based on aggregated mobile phone data   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Tao Pei  Carlo Ratti  Shih-Lung Shaw  Ting Li  Chenghu Zhou 《International journal of geographical information science》2014,28(9):1988-2007

Land-use classification is essential for urban planning. Urban land-use types can be differentiated either by their physical characteristics (such as reflectivity and texture) or social functions. Remote sensing techniques have been recognized as a vital method for urban land-use classification because of their ability to capture the physical characteristics of land use. Although significant progress has been achieved in remote sensing methods designed for urban land-use classification, most techniques focus on physical characteristics, whereas knowledge of social functions is not adequately used. Owing to the wide usage of mobile phones, the activities of residents, which can be retrieved from the mobile phone data, can be determined in order to indicate the social function of land use. This could bring about the opportunity to derive land-use information from mobile phone data. To verify the application of this new data source to urban land-use classification, we first construct a vector of aggregated mobile phone data to characterize land-use types. This vector is composed of two aspects: the normalized hourly call volume and the total call volume. A semi-supervised fuzzy c-means clustering approach is then applied to infer the land-use types. The method is validated using mobile phone data collected in Singapore. Land use is determined with a detection rate of 58.03%. An analysis of the land-use classification results shows that the detection rate decreases as the heterogeneity of land use increases, and increases as the density of cell phone towers increases.  相似文献   

Fast identification of bound structures in large N-body simulations     

J. Weller  J. P. Ostriker  P. Bode  L. Shaw 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,364(3):823-732

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Temporal and spatial variability of cation and silica export in an alpine watershed,Emerald Lake,California     

T. Meixner  J. R. Shaw  R. C. Bales 《水文研究》2004,18(10):1759-1776

A reaction set of possible mineral weathering reactions is proposed to explain observed cation and silica export for the Emerald Lake watershed, a small Sierra Nevada, California catchment. The reaction set was calculated through a stoichiometric mole‐balance method, using a multiyear record of stream flow and snowpack chemical analyses and site‐specific mineral compositions. Reaction‐set calculations were intended to explore how the processes controlling stream cation and silica export depend on differing bedrock mineralogy across the catchment as snowmelt and runoff patterns change over the year. Different regions within the watershed can be differentiated by lake inflow subdrainages, each exhibiting different stream‐flow chemistry and calculated weathering stoichiometry, indicating that different silica and cation generation processes are dominant in wet steep portions of the catchment. Short‐term differences in stream concentrations were assumed to reflect ion exchange equilibria and rapid biological processes, whereas long‐term persistent stream concentration differences in different areas of the catchment were assumed to reflect spatial variability in mineral weathering stoichiometry. Mineralogical analyses of rock samples from the watershed provided site‐specific chemical compositions of major mineral species for reaction calculations. Reaction sets were evaluated by linear regression of calculated versus observed differences between snowmelt and stream‐flow chemistry and by a combined measure. Initially, single weathering reactions were balanced and evaluated to determine the reactions that best explained observed stream chemical export. Next, reactions were combined, using mineral compositions from different rock types to estimate the dependence of ion fluxes on lithology. The seasonal variability of major solute calculated fluxes is low, approximately one order of magnitude, relative to the observed three orders of magnitude variability in basin discharge. Reaction sets using basin‐averaged lithology and Aplite lithologies gave superior explanations of stream chemical composition. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Measurement of nitric oxide in the stratosphere between 17·4 and 22·9 km     

B.A. Ridley  H.I. Schiff  A.W. Shaw  L.R. Megill  L. Bates  C. Howlett  H. Levaux  T.E. Ashenfelter 《Planetary and Space Science》1974,22(1):19-24

On 16 March 1973, the York U./U.S.U. chemiluminescent nitric oxide instrument was flown successfully from Hollomon Air Force Base, New Mexico, 32° 50·1′ N lat. The instrument was operated between 17:40 and 22:05UT. Most of the measurements were carried out during three ascent, float and descent cycles between 17·4 and 22·9 km. Within the uncertainty of the measurements no differences were seen among results obtained during ascent, float and descent mode, which indicated that there were no major sampling problems resulting from contamination of the atmosphere. The NO mixing ratio was found to be 0·1 ppb v/v with an accuracy of 60 per cent. No change was observed within this accuracy over the small altitude range investigated.  相似文献   

A policy for tidal energy     

T.L. Shaw 《Marine Policy》1977,1(1):61-69

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CHILDREN'S PERCEPTION OF A DOWNTOWN SHOPPING CENTER     

Geoffrey C. Smith  Denis J. B. Shaw  Peter R. Huckle 《The Professional geographer》1979,31(2):157-164

This paper offers an exploratory investigation of the effects of a child's age on three behavioral constructs (awareness space, activity space, and attitude) concerning a downtown shopping center in Bristol, England. The data are elicited from three samples of Bristol school children defined according to age and are analyzed using statistical inferential procedures. The results disclose that awareness space and activity space consistently increase with age. In addition, attitudinal responses to specific features of the shopping center exhibit a gradual change over a long-term period.  相似文献   

Preliminary evaluation of the occurrence of herbicides and PAHs in the Wet Tropics region of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, using passive samplers   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Shaw M  Müller JF 《Marine pollution bulletin》2005,51(8-12):876-881

The proximity of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR) Marine Park to areas of intensive agriculture and increasing urbanisation places the park under potential threat of contamination by land-based pollutants. Passive samplers were deployed at inshore reef and river mouth sites in the Wet Tropics region of the GBR during a dry and a wet season to measure levels of land-based organic pollutants in this environment. Two types of passive sampling devices were deployed: (i) a polar sampler, which can be used to monitor polar herbicides and (ii) semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) which sequester more hydrophobic compounds (e.g. PAHs, chlorpyrifos). Herbicides (diuron, simazine, atrazine, hexazinone and/or flumeturon) were detected at low concentrations (ng L⁻¹) at all sites sampled and in both seasons. Chlorpyrifos was not detected while PAHs were present in SPMDs at levels below limits of detection. The results show that the GBR environment does contain low levels of organic pollutants and that passive sampling provides a sensitive monitoring tool for measuring waterborne organic pollutants.  相似文献   

Evaluation of an ensemble of Arctic regional climate models: spatiotemporal fields during the SHEBA year   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

A.?RinkeEmail author  K.?Dethloff  J.?J.?Cassano  J.?H.?Christensen  J.?A.?Curry  P.?Du  E.?Girard  J.-E.?Haugen  D.?Jacob  C.?G.?Jones  M.?K?ltzow  R.?Laprise  A.H.?Lynch  S.?Pfeifer  M.?C.?Serreze  M.?J.?Shaw  M.?Tjernstr?m  K.?Wyser  M.??agar 《Climate Dynamics》2006,26(5):459-472

Simulations of eight different regional climate models (RCMs) have been performed for the period September 1997–September 1998, which coincides with the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) project period. Each of the models employed approximately the same domain covering the western Arctic, the same horizontal resolution of 50 km, and the same boundary forcing. The models differ in their vertical resolution as well as in the treatments of dynamics and physical parameterizations. Both the common features and differences of the simulated spatiotemporal patterns of geopotential, temperature, cloud cover, and long-/shortwave downward radiation between the individual model simulations are investigated. With this work, we quantify the scatter among the models and therefore the magnitude of disagreement and unreliability of current Arctic RCM simulations. Even with the relatively constrained experimental design we notice a considerable scatter among the different RCMs. We found the largest across-model scatter in the 2 m temperature over land, in the surface radiation fluxes, and in the cloud cover which implies a reduced confidence level for these variables. An erratum to this article can be found at  相似文献