Grain alignment in the intergalactic magnetic field     

Ajoy K. Dasgupta 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1983,91(2):395-406

Processes for grain alignment in the intergalactic magnetic field are considered: evidence is examined for grains being spun up to extremely high (10⁹ Hz) angular frequencies by the recoil of hydrogen recombination on grains, as an essential part of the alignment process. Grain alignment would then be inhibited in region of grain growth and would be most effective where grain growth is inhibited or reaches saturation.  相似文献   

Aftershock Propagation Characteristics During the First Three Hours Following the 26 December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake     

Sujit Dasgupta  Basab Mukhopadhyay  A. Acharyya 《Gondwana Research》2005,8(4):585-588

Within three hours of the mainshock rupture of the 26 December 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake, 45 aftershocks occurred that are distributed all along the mega-thrust fault plane and also along the West Andaman fault. Seven of these aftershocks struck sequentially and unilaterally from the mainshock in the south towards north within 2h 9m 50.76s indicating an overall rate of aftershock propagation to the tune of 167 meters/sec. Seismic moment calculated from fault parameters gives a value of 1.2 × 10³⁰ dyne cm. Three separate fault segments are identified from distribution of aftershocks with propagation rates 330, 250 and 85 meters/sec in the southern, central and northern segments. These 7 unilaterally propagating shocks along the mega-thrust are probably not aftershocks of the mainshock rather these are sequentially triggered shocks each rupturing a small segment of the fault. Location of the mainshock and several aftershocks are guided by several lithospheric hinge faults identified previously.  相似文献   

Folding of boudinaged layers     

Sudipta Sengupta 《Journal of Structural Geology》1983,5(2):197-210

The boudinage structure in the Väddö area in Sweden developed during an early isoclinal folding. During a second deformation which deformed the axial surfaces and the limbs of the isoclinal folds, the shapes of boudins were variously modified. The resulting structures include folding of the individual boudins into half-waves, a tile-like piling up of straight or gently folded boudins and arrangement of straight boudins in a herring-bone pattern. Similar structures have been produced experimentally in soft models containing ‘boudins’ of different competencies. The relative importance of the different physical parameters which contribute towards the development of the various structures is examined. In particular, the experiments showed that when the competence contrast between the boudin and the host material was rather small, the shape of the boudins was modified by a second deformation into trapezoidal forms often with flame-shaped projections at the edges. From an analysis of the experimental and natural structures, a set of criteria has been formulated which can be used to identify structures formed by superposed deformations and to give an approximate idea of the competence contrast between the boudin and the host rock during the second deformation.  相似文献   

A megacity in a changing climate: the case of Kolkata     

Susmita Dasgupta  Asvani K. Gosain  Sandhya Rao  Subhendu Roy  Maria Sarraf 《Climatic change》2013,116(3-4):747-766

Projections by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change suggest that there will be an increase in the frequency and intensity of climate extremes in the 21st century. Kolkata, a megacity in India, has been singled out as one of the urban centers vulnerable to climate risks. Modest flooding during monsoons at high tide in the Hooghly River is a recurring hazard in Kolkata. More intense rainfall, riverine flooding, sea level rise, and coastal storm surges in a changing climate can lead to widespread and severe flooding and bring the city to a standstill for several days. Using rainfall data, high and low emissions scenarios, and sea level rise of 27 cm by 2050, this paper assesses the vulnerability of Kolkata to increasingly intense precipitation events for return periods of 30, 50, and 100 years. It makes location-specific inundation depth and duration projections using hydrological, hydraulic, and urban storm models with geographic overlays. High resolution spatial analysis provides a roadmap for designing adaptation schemes to minimize the impacts of climate change. The modeling results show that de-silting of the main sewers would reduce vulnerable population estimates by at least 5 %.  相似文献   

Modelling the Mont Terri HE-D experiment for the Thermal–Hydraulic–Mechanical response of a bedded argillaceous formation to heating     

B. Garitte  T. S. Nguyen  J. D. Barnichon  B. J. Graupner  C. Lee  K. Maekawa  C. Manepally  G. Ofoegbu  B. Dasgupta  R. Fedors  P. Z. Pan  X. T. Feng  J. Rutqvist  F. Chen  Jens Birkholzer  Q. Wang  O. Kolditz  H. Shao 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(9):345

Coupled thermal–hydrological–mechanical (THM) processes in the near field of deep geological repositories can influence several safety features of the engineered and geological barriers. Among those features are: the possibility of damage in the host rock, the time for re-saturation of the bentonite, and the perturbations in the hydraulic regime in both the rock and engineered seals. Within the international cooperative code-validation project DECOVALEX-2015, eight research teams developed models to simulate an in situ heater experiment, called HE-D, in Opalinus Clay at the Mont Terri Underground Research Laboratory in Switzerland. The models were developed from the theory of poroelasticity in order to simulate the coupled THM processes that prevailed during the experiment and thereby to characterize the in situ THM properties of Opalinus Clay. The modelling results for the evolution of temperature, pore water pressure, and deformation at different points are consistent among the research teams and compare favourably with the experimental data in terms of trends and absolute values. The models were able to reproduce the main physical processes of the experiment. In particular, most teams simulated temperature and thermally induced pore water pressure well, including spatial variations caused by inherent anisotropy due to bedding.  相似文献   

Seismic behavior of slab-structural wall junction of RC building     

Kaushik  Snehal  Dasgupta  Kaustubh 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2019,18(2):331-349

In high seismic zone regions, slender reinforced concrete structural walls are commonly used in high-rise buildings as a main lateral load resisting element. These walls are very effective in limiting the lateral drift of the building due to their large in-plane stiffness. However, the presence of floor slabs influences the behavior of the shear wall. Also, the current design requirements do not account for the presence of floor slabs. To understand the behavior of wall-slab junctions and address the shortcomings of the current design requirements, the influence of two parameters, namely(a) aspect ratio and(b) longitudinal reinforcement ratio on the behavior is studied numerically. It is observed that the presence of floor slabs at different levels tends to partition the wall into squat wall panels between two consecutive floors. The wall-slab junctions show large stress concentrations arising from the strut action in the squat panels. It is also observed that the floor slabs can get significantly damaged near the wall-slab junction for lower vertical reinforcement ratios in the wall. Thus, the current codeprescribed minimum reinforcement in shear walls is not sufficient and needs to be revisited at for improved performance.  相似文献   

Quantification and spatial distribution of pore-filling materials through constrained rock physics template and fluid response modelling in Paleogene clastic reservoir from Cauvery basin,India     

Prabal Shankar Das  Rima Chatterjee  Sumangal Dasgupta  Ranajit Das  Debjani Bakshi  Mukesh Gupta 《Geophysical Prospecting》2019,67(1):150-166

Sands belonging to Kamalapuram Formation of Paleocene-Eocene age are deposited in Cauvery basin as incised valley fill during a regressive cycle. Here we attempt to quantify the influence of diagenesis on pore-filling materials using rock physics template constrained by geohistory modelling. Primarily, porosity–velocity and acoustic impedance – the ratio of P-wave and S-wave velocity (V_P/V_s) cross-plots are used as rock physics templates. Rock physics template has efficiently quantified pore-filling materials namely; contact cement and non-contact cement. The estimated contact cement and non-contact cement are correlated with conventional petrophysical logs within the selected depth interval. Further, this correlation is used to interpret the composition of pore-filling materials. Shallower depth intervals (I and II) exhibit moderate non-contact cement (4–5%) and insignificant contact cement (1–2% approx.) depositions. However, deeper interval (III) records a significant amount of pore-filling materials amounting average of 12% non-contact cement and 4% contact cement. Pore-filling materials demonstrate a positive correlation with the depth of burial. The fluid response is substantially affected by the degree of diagenesis, composition and spatial distribution of pore-filling materials. Shallower depth intervals (1770–1786 m and 1858–1878 m) are relatively more sensitive to fluid changes as it is affected by insignificant contact cement. The depth interval 1770–1786 m shows class II (oil) and class III (gas) amplitude variation with offset anomalies. The sand occurring in depth interval 1858–1878 m demonstrates class IIP (oil) and II (gas) anomaly. The deeper interval (2118–2170 m) is comparatively stiffer and demonstrates class I amplitude variation with offset (oil and gas sand) anomaly.  相似文献