Seismic loss estimation tool as rapid survey for prioritizing buildings for disaster preparedness: case study to hospital buildings     

Nanda  Radhikesh Prasad  Paul  Nilendu Krishna  Chanu  Ningthoujam Monika 《Natural Hazards》2019,95(3):769-781

Natural Hazards - Hospital buildings must be fully operational after the earthquake to protect the lives of patients as well as to provide emergency care and medical treatment to the victims....  相似文献   

Chemical,isotopic and amino acid composition of Mukundpura CM2.0(CM1) chondrite: Evidence of parent body aqueous alteration     

N.G.Rudraswami  A.K.Naik  R.P.Tripathi  N.BhANDari  S.G.Karapurkar  M.Shyam Prasad  E.V.S.S.K.Babu  U.V.R.Vijaya Sarathi 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(2):495-504

The carbonaceous chondrites are intriguing and unique in the sense that they are the only rocks that provide pristine records of the early solar nebular processes. We report here results of a detailed mineralogical, chemical, amino acid and isotopic studies of a recently observed fall at Mukundpura, near Jaipur in Rajasthan, India. Abundance of olivines in this meteorite is low and of serpentine minerals is high. FeO/SiO_2 = 1.05 in its Poorly Characterized Phases(PCP) is similar to that observed in other CM2.0 chondrites. The water content of ～9.8 wt.% is similar to that found in many other CM chondrites.Microscopic examination of matrix shows that its terrestrial weathering grade is WO but aqueous parent body alteration is high, as reflected in low abundance of identifiable chondrules and abundant remnants of chondrules(～7%). Thus, most of the chondrules formed initially have been significantly altered or dissolved by aqueous alterations on their parent bodies. The measured bulk carbon(2.3%) and nitrogen content and their isotopic(δ¹³C =-5.5‰, δ¹⁵N = 23.6%0) composition is consistent with CM2.0 classification probably bordering CM1. Several amino acids such as Alanine, Serine, Proline, Valine, Threonine,Leucine, Isoleucine, Asparagine and Histamine are present. Tyrosine and Tryptophan may occur in trace amounts which could not be precisely determined. All these data show that Mukundpura chondrite lies at the boundary of CM2.0 and CM1 type carbonaceous chondrites making it one of the most primitive chondrites.  相似文献   

A comparative analysis of pansharpening techniques on QuickBird and WorldView-3 images     

Snehmani  Ashwagosh Ganju  Satish Kumar  P. K. Srivastava  Hari Ram R P 《国际地球制图》2017,32(11):1268-1284

Nowadays, different image pansharpening methods are available, which combine the strengths of different satellite images that have different spectral and spatial resolutions. These different image fusion methods, however, add spectral and spatial distortions to the resultant images depending on the required context. Therefore, a careful selection of the fusion method is required. Simultaneously, it is also essential that the fusion technique should be efficient to cope with the large data. In this paper, we investigated how different pansharpening algorithms perform, when applied to very high-resolution WorldView-3 and QuickBird satellite images effectively and efficiently. We compared these 27 pansharpening techniques in terms of quantitative analysis, visual inspection and computational complexity, which has not previously been formally tested. In addition, 12 different image quality metrics available in literature are used for quantitative analysis purpose.  相似文献   

Integration of Sparse Geologic Information in Gold Targeting Using Logistic Regression Analysis in the Hutti–Maski Schist Belt,Raichur, Karnataka,India—A Case Study     

Sahoo  Nihar Ranjan  Pandalai  Hari Shankar 《Natural Resources Research》1999,8(3):233-250

Logistic regression has been used in the study to integrate indicator patterns for estimation of the probability of occurrence of gold deposits in a part of the auriferous Archaean Hutti–Maski schist belt. Data used consist of categorical and continuous variables obtained from a coded lineament map and geochemical anomaly maps of the pathfinder elements of gold in soil and groundwater. Main effects and interactions of the variables studied were used in formulating the logistic regression model. Regression models using lineament-proximity data, combined with soil and groundwater geochemical anomalies were tested on parts of the schist belt with data not used in estimation of model parameters. Predicted probabilities greater than 0.9 identified known deposit locations in the area.  相似文献   

Simulated Annealing 2-D Nonlinear Inversion of Geomagnetic Deep Sounding Data Near Ujjain-Guna, India   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S. N. Prasad 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1999,154(2):343-363

--An attempt has been made to use the global optimization technique of Simulated Annealing (S.A.) inversion to interpret the conductivity structure derived from the geomagnetic deep sounding data of N-W India. The present results supersede the earlier result obtained by 2-D conventional linearized inversion. The earlier linearized inversion, following an iterative gradient search technique on the same data set, has been re-evaluated and further constrained through an exhaustive search of the parameter space. The conductive response of an hypothesized conductor located between Ujjain and Guna, India, has been modelled by this random search tool. The location of the proposed model is now in agreement with the theory, since the conductive bodies are centered exactly below the center of the response function. In an earlier attempt by linearized inversion, this was not feasible. The central body is located at a depth of 19 km from the surface, suggesting a thickness of 15 km and resistivity of 14 ohm.m. The resistivity contrast of this ensemble of conductive bodies with the background varies by a factor of 100 to 385. This low conductivity contrast with respect to the background is in conformity to the low temperature as inferred from the available heat-flow data in the region. A marginally different estimate of the conductivity (normally mid-crustal conductors are assigned conductivities of the order of 50 to 200 ohm.m) for the mid-crustal conductor has been found. Existence of a mid-crustal conductor is clearly indicated which was also not detected in the earlier study. Low geo-temperature gradients existing in the region rule out the possibility of a thermal origin for this mid-crustal conductor. A likely explanation could be due to the presence of graphitic carbon at lower crustal depths. However, the role of electrolytic fluid present in the interconnected pore--spaces of rocks may be another tangible explanation.  相似文献   

Analysis of fractures inferred from DBTM and remotely sensed data for groundwater development in godavari sub-watershed, Giridih, Bihar   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Ashok Kumar  Savita Tomar  Lal Bihari Prasad 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1999,27(2):105-114

Godavari sub-watershed is a part of buried pediplain developed over ‘Chotanagpur’ granite gneiss. Aquifer is unconfined in nature and groundwater occurs under water table condition. In the study area, groundwater is being exploited only through dugwells which are not capable of sustaining long duration pumping. Groundwater exploration involves the investigation of depth and nature of weathered and fractured horizon. To understand the groundwater storage and retrieval in the area, the basement topography derived from Digital Basement Topography Modelling (DBTM), the lineaments identified on remotely sensed data and geohydrological and physiographic data have been analysed. From DBTM, fracture zones have also been inferred. Lineaments (probable fractures) identified with the help of remotely sensed data are linear features representated on a planner surface. Lineaments in the area are subtle in expression due to deeply buried pediplian. Correlation of lineaments with DBTM reveals that a few lineaments/fractures are deep seated and a few have no sub-surface extensions. Also some sub-surface fractures inferred from DBTM have no expressions on the image. Attempt has been made to delineate more authentic lineaments/fractures with the help of remotely sensed data and DBTM. Correlation of probable fractures inferred from remotely sensed data and fracture zones inferred from DBTM indicated that 40 per cent of lineaments seems to be real fractures. Higher correlation may be achieved where lineaments are prominent and reproducible. It has also been observed that those lineaments which correlate with the fracture zones inferred from DBTM, are also not completely traceable in their linear extent. The exaggeration in length of lineaments may be due to subtle nature of lineaments. Correlation shows that remotely sensed lineaments are improtant for groundwater exploration and its authenticity can be further ascertained with DBTM.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Internal waves over the shelf in the western Bay of Bengal: a case study     

Madhu Joshi  Ambarukhana Devendra Rao  Sachiko Mohanty  Himansu Kesari Pradhan  Vadlamani S. N. Murty  Koneru Venkata Siva Rama Prasad 《Ocean Dynamics》2017,67(1):163-164

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Evaluation of site effects on ground motions based on equivalent linear site response analysis and liquefaction potential in Chennai,south India     

Subhadra Nampally  Simanchal Padhy  S. Trupti  P. Prabhakar Prasad  T. Seshunarayana 《Journal of Seismology》2018,22(4):1075-1093

We study local site effects with detailed geotechnical and geophysical site characterization to evaluate the site-specific seismic hazard for the seismic microzonation of the Chennai city in South India. A Maximum Credible Earthquake (MCE) of magnitude 6.0 is considered based on the available seismotectonic and geological information of the study area. We synthesized strong ground motion records for this target event using stochastic finite-fault technique, based on a dynamic corner frequency approach, at different sites in the city, with the model parameters for the source, site, and path (attenuation) most appropriately selected for this region. We tested the influence of several model parameters on the characteristics of ground motion through simulations and found that stress drop largely influences both the amplitude and frequency of ground motion. To minimize its influence, we estimated stress drop after finite bandwidth correction, as expected from an M6 earthquake in Indian peninsula shield for accurately predicting the level of ground motion. Estimates of shear wave velocity averaged over the top 30 m of soil (V_S30) are obtained from multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW) at 210 sites at depths of 30 to 60 m below the ground surface. Using these V_S30 values, along with the available geotechnical information and synthetic ground motion database obtained, equivalent linear one-dimensional site response analysis that approximates the nonlinear soil behavior within the linear analysis framework was performed using the computer program SHAKE2000. Fundamental natural frequency, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) at surface and rock levels, response spectrum at surface level for different damping coefficients, and amplification factors are presented at different sites of the city. Liquefaction study was done based on the V_S30 and PGA values obtained. The major findings suggest show that the northeast part of the city is characterized by (i) low V_S30 values (<?200 m/s) associated with alluvial deposits, (ii) relatively high PGA value, at the surface, of about 0.24 g, and (iii) factor of safety and liquefaction below unity at three sites (no. 12, no. 37, and no. 70). Thus, this part of the city is expected to experience damage for the expected M6 target event.  相似文献   

Systems of agriculture farming in the Uttranchal Himalaya,India     

VishwambharPrasadSati 《山地科学学报》2005,2(1):76-85

Agricultural practices are the main stay of the people of Uttranchal. Out of the total population,more than 75% people are engaged either with the main occupation of agriculture or its allied practices,dominated by traditional subsistence cereal farming.Among them, the main crops are rice, wheat, millet,barley, all types of pulses, all types of oilseeds and almost all types of fruits. The crops, vegetables and fruits of all varieties are grown in the different climatic zones such as tropical, temperate, and cold because, the region is characterized by the different altitudinal zones elevated from 200 m to more than 8000m. As a result, different climates are found from hot tropical to sub temperate and chilly cold. Pulses varieties are grown extensively. Among vegetables,potato, onion, carrot, all types of green leaf vegetables,brinzal, pumpkin, ladyfinger, pea, gram, radish,ginger, garlic, etc, are grown widely. All fruit varieties are grown in the different altitudinal zones. The mainfruits are orange, malta (a big size of orange),elephant citrus, lemon and all other types of citrus,apple, stone fruits including peach and pears, manykinds of nuts, and the fruits which are grown in the low lying areas. In spite of feasible climatic conditions,agricultural dominant society, and availability of all types of crops, the production and productivity of these crops are very low, even they are unable to meet the grain-need of the people in Uttaranchal. Agricultural crops are grown almost in all the altitudinal zones -- from the low-lying areas, which are called ‘Ga. ngarh‘, to the highly elevated region,where the legendary term is given as ‘Danda‘. The growing seasons vary according to the heights. The present paper aims to discuss the agricultural practices including cropping season, cropping pattern,land use, production of cropsagricultural system in thisand ecological aspect of Himalayan state and suggest some measures for developing farming system,which could lead the sustainability, in terms of meeting the food grain needs of the people on the one hand and restoring the ecological balance on the other.  相似文献   

Vertical zonation of horticultural farming in the Alaknanda basin of Garhwal Himalaya, India     

Vishwambhar Prasad Sati 《山地科学学报》2005,2(4):319-328

Introduction In the Alakananda Basin, undulating terrain constitutes the most fragile elements of the ecosystem. Traditional economy rests on the terraced cultivation with extremely limited viability to expansion and modernization. Consequently, low economic return remains the characteristic feature of the agrarian landscape. It is the common experience that the ecological conditions of the basin are more suited to fruit cultivation rather than cereal farming (Atkinson 1889). Along with frui…  相似文献