XX核电厂附近海域生态环境及潜在致灾生物研究     

张文斌  孙伟  许歆  王洪波  郑碧琪  鲁超  李靖  穆景利 《海洋科学》2022,46(7)

为了了解XX核电厂周边海域的生态环境状况,筛选潜在威胁核电厂冷源安全的致灾生物,分析影响致灾生物时空分布的主要环境因素,本研究于2018年进行了四个季节的生态调查。结果表明,研究海域浮游植物密度秋季最高,春季优势种为东海原甲藻,其他季节优势种为中肋骨条藻等硅藻。浮游动物密度夏季最高,以桡足类为主,春、夏季优势种还包括球型侧腕水母和薮枝螅水母。底栖动物的密度和生物量在秋季最高,优势种主要为豆形短眼蟹、长吻沙蚕和丝异须虫。浮游植物、浮游动物和底栖动物群落均在夏季最为稳定,群落多样性水平和物种丰度较高,且分布较为均匀。浮游植物群落的细胞丰度与悬浮物和磷酸盐的浓度正相关性最高。浮游动物的密度受温度和盐度的影响较大。底栖动物的群落分布主要受悬浮物和无机营养盐的浓度影响。本研究共筛选出17种威胁XX核电厂冷源安全的潜在致灾生物。海地瓜、棘刺锚参、海葵和球型侧腕水母的风险等级较高,其分布主要受温度和盐度的影响。后续工作中,XX核电厂应根据潜在致灾生物与环境因子的关系加强暴发机制研究、提升监测预警能力,并优化驱赶消杀技术和干扰体系,为核电厂冷源安全提供理论和技术保障。  相似文献   

基于生态文明思想的围填海历史遗留问题处理理论与实践——以大连港太平湾港区和中新天津生态城为例          下载免费PDF全文

朱德洲  李耀如  温国义  徐谦 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(1):31-37

长期大规模围填海活动在振兴沿海地区经济的同时,也严重破坏了海岸带生态系统。文章梳理了关于加强滨海湿地保护、严格管控围填海的一系列政策要求与技术指南;以大连港太平湾港区和中新天津生态城为例,分别分析了港口工业区和滨海生态旅游区的围填海历史遗留问题处理与生态保护修复实践,并提出了生态优先,绿色发展;自然恢复为主,人工修复为辅;陆海统筹,生态融合;问题导向,科学修复;科技支撑,示范带动等新发展阶段下海洋生态保护修复的建议。  相似文献   

养殖贝类碳汇价格核算研究          下载免费PDF全文

温瑞  张继伟  高超  高宇  羊艳 《海洋开发与管理》2022,39(3):16-23

养殖贝类是最有效的生物固碳方式之一,其碳汇功能作为海洋生态系统功能的一部分,兼具生态和经济属性,碳汇价格的核算可为海水贝类养殖产业补贴提供数据参考,提高碳汇养殖产业的生产积极性,对海洋GEP核算等提供一定借鉴。目前碳汇价格研究较为缺乏,碳汇价格受限于碳汇计量方法的不完善,因此文章基于碳储量变化原理,对养殖环境中的养殖贝类固碳基础公式进行改进,补充了附着贝类固碳与生物沉积物固碳两个计算参数,以此为切入点选取并改进海洋牧场碳汇定价方法,以东方云溪海洋牧场作为研究区进行案例计算,结果为：海湾扇贝、栉孔扇贝与褶牡蛎的碳汇价格分别为165元/t、185元/t和272元/t;使用改进后的碳汇计量方法得到的养殖贝类单位个体固碳量较高,其中生物沉积固碳对提高单位个体固碳量的作用最为突出,约占贝类自身固碳的91%,主要与养殖海域的水文条件有关;较高的固碳量形成了较低的碳汇价格,固碳量与成本收益因素共同影响养殖贝类的碳汇价格;长远来看,碳汇价格会随着固碳计量的愈加完善而降低。  相似文献   

Microbial community changes in the digestive tract of the clam Meretrix petechialis in response to Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge     

Wang  Hongxia  Yue  Xin  Yu  Jiajia  Wang  Rui  Teng  Shuangshuang  Fang  Jun  Liu  Baozhong 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2021,39(1):329-339

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology - Disease in clams frequently occurred over the last decade and has become a serious threat to the clam aquaculture industry and natural stocks. Mass clam...  相似文献   

鲁村煤矿井底车场钢管混凝土支架支护应用          下载免费PDF全文

文增生  史春芝 《山东国土资源》2014,30(1):51-54

沂源县鲁村煤矿-270m井底车场围岩为泥质粉砂岩,强度低,含粘土矿物,吸水膨胀,传统的支护方式难以保证巷道稳定,采用钢管混凝土支架进行支护试验。分析了-270m井底车场围岩地质特征,提出基于钢管混凝土支架的综合支护方案,最后通过理论验算证实钢管混凝土支架承载能力为U29型钢支架4倍,满足巷道支护要求。  相似文献   

Spatial and temporal variations of coastlines in northern China (2000-2012)     

XU Jinyong  ZHANG Zengxiang  ZHAO Xiaoli  WEN Qingke  ZUO Lijun  WANG Xiao  YI Ling 《地理学报》2014,24(1):18-32

This study examined the spatial distribution of the continent coastline in northern China using remote sensing and GIS techniques, and calculated the fractal dimension of the coastline by box-counting method, with a time span from 2000 to 2012. Moreover, we analyzed the characteristics of spatial-temporal changes in the coastline's length and fractal dimension, the relationship between the length change and fractal dimension change, and the driving forces of coastline changes in northern China. During the research period, the coastline of the study area increased by 637.95 km, at a rate of 53.16 km per year. On the regional level, the most significant change in coastline length was observed in Tianjin and Hebei. Temporally, the northern China coastline grew faster after 2008. The most dramatic growth was found between 2010 and 2011, with an increasing rate of 2.49% per year. The fractal dimension of the coastline in northern China was increasing during the research period, and the most dramatic increase occurred in Bohai Rim. There is a strong-positive linear relationship between the historical coastline length and fractal dimension (the correlation coefficient was 0.9962). Through statistical analysis of a large number of local coastline changes, it can be found that the increase (or decrease) of local coastline length will, in most cases, lead to the increase (or decrease) of the whole coastline fractal dimension. Civil-coastal engineering construction was the most important factor driving the coastline change in northern China. Port construction, fisheries facilities and salt factories were the top three construction activities. Compared to human activities, the influence of natural processes such as estuarine deposit and erosion were relatively small.  相似文献   

Esophageal cancer spatial and correlation analyses：Water pollution,mortality rates,and safe buffer distances in China     

ZHANG Xueyan  ZHUANG Dafang  MA Xin  JIANG Dong 《地理学报》2014,24(1):46-58

Esophageal cancer exhibits one of the highest incidence and mortality rates in China. Malignant tumors caused by esophageal cancer, and the relationship to environmental factors has been the focus of many public health studies. This study applied spatial analysis to ascertain the relationship between water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality rates nationwide. We employed two datasets, including a national investigation of esophageal cancer rates and distribution, and national water quality grades in China's primary rivers and lakes. Esophageal cancer data were grouped based on different water quality grades, which included a scaled buffer distance from rivers and lakes. Non-parametric correlation analyses were performed to examine the presence or absence of the following correlations: (i) esophageal cancer mortality and buffer distance from rivers and lakes; and (ii) esophageal cancer mortality and water quality grade values. The present study revealed a significant positive correlation between widespread water pollution and esophageal cancer mortality nationwide; and a significant negative correlation between esophageal cancer mortality, and buffer distance from rivers and lakes.  相似文献   

河南省承接产业转移的结构与空间考量     

杨延哲  刘彩玲  李世杰  汪雪峰  杨文新  王鑫 《地域研究与开发》2014,(6)

针对目前对中西部地区意义重大的产业转移承接问题,以河南省为例进行了探讨。指出产业转移承接过程对不同规模区域单元的影响不同,较小的单元受承接产业的影响较大,而较大的单元受到的影响较小且对承接产业的影响起着一定的制约作用。在讨论产业转移内涵特征以及河南省产业转移承接条件的基础上,对河南省产业转移承接的结构优化和空间布局进行分析,提出产业转移承接要受到河南省产业结构变化趋势约束,承接的产业应采取相对集中的空间格局,微观上集中在集聚区园区等各类产业发展平台,宏观上的重点则是主体功能上属于重点开发的中原城市群地区。  相似文献   

2014 IGU Regional Conference held in Krakow,Poland     

Xin Zhao 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(6):1199-1200

The 2014 Regional Conference of the International Geographical Union（IGU）was held on August 18-22 in Krakow,Poland.The total number of participants was 1374 from 64 countries and regions,including 357 from Poland.Germany,Japan,Czech,UK,China,Russia,USA,France and Hungary are the top countries of attendees in this conference.  相似文献   

Impact of the shrinking winter wheat sown area on agricultural water consumption in the Hebei Plain简   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

WANG Xue  LI Xiubin  XIN Liangjie 《地理学报(英文版)》2014,24(2):313-330

This study firstly analyzed the shrinkage of winter wheat and the changes of crop- ping systems in the Hebei Plain from 1998 to 2010 based on the agricultural statistic data of 11 cities and meteorological data, including daily temperature, precipitation, water vapor, wind speed and minimum relative humidity data from 22 meteorological stations, and then calcu- lated the water deficit and irrigation water resources required by different cropping systems, as well as the irrigation water resources conserved as a result of cropping system changes, using crop coefficient method and every ten-day effective precipitation estimation method. The results are as follows. 1） The sown areas of winter wheat in the 11 cities in the Hebei Plain all shrunk during the study period. The shrinkage rate was 16.07% and the total shrinkage area amounted to 49.62×10^4 ha. The shrinkage was most serious in the Bei- jing-Tianjin-Tangshan metropolitan agglomerate, with a shrinkage rate of 47.23%. 2） The precipitation fill rate of winter wheat was only 20%-30%, while those of spring maize and summer maize both exceeded 50%. The irrigation water resources demanded by the winter wheat-summer maize double cropping system ranged from 400 mm to 530 mm, while those demanded by the spring maize single cropping system ranged only from 160 mm to 210 ram. 3） The water resources conserved as a result of the winter wheat sown area shrinkage during the study period were about 15.96×10^8 m^3/a, accounting for 27.85% of those provided for Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei by the first phase of the Mid-Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.  相似文献