南海北部海区软骨鱼类种类组成和资源密度分布     

黄梓荣  陈作志  曾晓光 《台湾海峡》2009,28(1):38-44

根据2006～2007年南海北部海区4季的调查资料，分析该海区软骨鱼类的种类组成和资源密度的分布．结果表明，软骨鱼类有32种，分隶于9目17科，优势种为斑鳐、曾氏兔银鲛、褐黄扁缸、橙黄鲨；渔获率D断面最高（10．19kg／h），B断面最低（4．52kg／h）；渔获率有明显的季节变动，夏季最高（12．16kg／h），秋季最低（3．71kg／h），平均渔获率为7．05kg／h；密集分布于180m和140m水深处；其年均资源密度为94．00kg／km^2．文中并讨论合理利用和保护该类群的措施．  相似文献   

海州湾潮间带大型底栖动物的分布特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

高爱根  杨俊毅  曾江宁  寿鹿  廖一波  徐晓群  陈全震  胡锡钢 《海洋学研究》2009,27(1)

于2002年6月对海州湾3种底质的潮间带底栖动物进行了采样分析.结果显示,该区被鉴定出的大型底栖动物共有98种,其中多毛类为13种、软体动物为53种、甲壳类为25种、棘皮动物为2种、其它类动物为5种,软体动物和甲壳类的种类可占80%;该区潮间带大型底栖动物的平均生物量和平均栖息密度分别为257.30 g/m2和953个/m2,软体动物生物量(201.19 g/m2)和栖息密度(727 个/m2)分别占总数的78%和76%.经底栖动物种类相似性聚类分析和多维尺度排序,可将该区潮间带大型底栖动物划分为岩礁、沙滩和泥沙滩3个群落.通过对3个底栖动物群落的生态特征及相关环境因子分析得出:对于种类,泥沙滩群落 > 岩礁群落 > 沙滩群落;对于生物量、息栖密度、多样性指数和均匀度指数,岩礁群落 > 泥沙滩群落 > 沙滩群落;泥沙滩群落中的TE断面优势种分布显著而使多样性指数和均匀度指数明显低于其它两条泥沙滩断面.沙滩群落和岩礁群落的底栖动物分布分别与海水浴场和货运码头较多的人为活动影响有关,而泥沙滩群落的分布差异主要与海岸开敞度、海流潮汐作用、滩涂贝类养殖及优势种分布影响有关.泥沙滩是该区经济贝类的重要养殖场所,为使养殖种类健康生长,建议对沿岸排污口水质及养殖区沉积物环境质量进行定期监测.  相似文献   

余氯对鱼类毒性影响的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

江志兵  廖一波  高爱根  陈全震  曾江宁 《海洋学研究》2009,27(4):86-94

综述了国内外余氯对鱼类急性、亚急性毒性效应及其毒性机理等方面的研究进展,结合我国沿海电厂余氯排放与邻近海域鱼类养殖生产现状,探讨了余氯对鱼类毒理学研究存在的问题,指出了需结合冷却水的温升作用,进一步考察冷却系统氯处理对鱼类早期生命阶段(受精卵、胚胎和仔稚鱼)的毒性效应,同时还应加强余氯对鱼类长期毒性影响的研究,为我国制订企业冷却水加氯和余氯浓度的排放标准提供参考.  相似文献   

不同盐度对克氏螯虾幼虾代谢率的影响     

李庭古  马甡 《海洋湖沼通报》2009,(3)

研究了不同盐度对克氏螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)幼虾耗氧率和排氨率的影响.试验用虾体长(3.13±0.30)cm,体重在(1.82±0.21)g.在25℃条件下,试验设置0、2、4、6、8、10、12共7个盐度梯度.在试验设置的盐度范围内,在盐度为2时,克氏原螯虾幼虾的的耗氧率与排氨率最低,由此可以表明幼虾对盐度调节的等渗点在2左右.随着盐度升高,幼虾的耗氧率和排氨率也随之上升,Turkey HSD test发现,在对照组、2、4和6盐度组的耗氧率、排氨率差异明显(P＜0.05).超过0～6的盐度范围时,盐度对幼虾的耗氧率、排氨率影响与对照组的差异显著(P＜0.05).  相似文献   

乔治王岛菲尔德斯半岛的地温特征和岩石热物理性质          下载免费PDF全文

杨淑贞  张文仁  沈显杰 《极地研究》1989,1(3):43-51

1985—1986年度和1986—1987年度在菲尔德斯半岛对地面温度进行了测量,共获得129个数据,并对带回的样品进行了岩石热导率测量,共获得210个数据。本文在分析和归纳这些数据的基础上对菲尔德斯半岛的地温特征和岩石热物理性质进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

Stabilization of Bottom Hole Temperature With Finite Circulation Time and Fluid Flow   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

P. Y. Shen  A. E. Beck 《Geophysical Journal International》1986,86(1):63-90

As an alternative to finite element or finite difference modelling, analytical solutions are derived by the method of Laplace transformation and numerical results obtained for several models of the bottom hole temperature stabilization. Included in the models are the finite circulation time, the thermal property contrast between the borehole mud and the surrounding formation, and the presence of radial or lateral fluid flow in the formation, all of which are found to have significant effects on the dissipation of the thermal disturbance induced by drilling.
The mud circulation is considered to have the effect of either maintaining the borehole mud at a constant temperature or supplying a constant amount of heat per unit length per unit time to the borehole. For small circulation times, the former reduces to the 'zero circulation' model in which the mud circulation creates an instantaneous temperature anomaly at the hole bottom; for small borehole radii, the latter reduces to the line source model and the traditional 'Homer plot'.
For typical drilling operations in which the bottom hole temperatures are measured several hours to several tens of hours after the hole is shut in, the new models generally predict higher equilibrium formation temperatures than does the Horner plot. However, predictions from the various models converge if the BHTs are taken after the hole has been shut in for a period which is greater than about five times the circulation period.  相似文献   

On the principle of maximum entropy and the earthquake frequency–magnitude relation     

P. Y. Shen  L. Mansinha 《Geophysical Journal International》1983,74(3):777-785

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A VLBI study of 20 southern extragalactic radio sources     

Zhi-qiang Shen  Tong-shan Wan  Xiao-yu Hong  Dong-rong Jiang  Shi-guang Liang 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》1996,20(4):415-425

This paper describes a 5 GHz VLBI survey in the southern hemisphere. The first observation of 23 extragalactic radio sources was conducted in November 1992. Twenty VLBI images were obtained, of which 15 sources show core-jet structure, one has a two-sided jet, and three sources are unresolved. No compact double source was found. Eleven of the 16 sources with core-jet (including a two-aided jet) show evidence of jet bending. In addition, four sources appear to be superluminal, of which three sources are new.  相似文献   

The physical framework of the dependence between channel flow hydrographs and drainage network morphometry     

J. Garbrecht  H. W. Shen 《水文研究》1988,2(4):337-355

The physical basis of the linkage between magnitude and timing of channel flow hydrographs and drainage network morphometry is reviewed. Small Hortonian and structurally Hortonian networks are analysed using numerical runoff simulation. For Hortonian networks the variability of the geometry of individual channels and subcatchments within each Strahler order has generally little effect upon the overall character of the hydrograph in channels of higher order. If the network is also structurally Hortonian, the analysis of the simultaneous formation, travel, and concentration of the hydrographs in all channels of the network can be simplified to a sequence of one representative hydrograph per channel order. This approach is used in this study. Three major runoff processes control the flow hydrograph characteristics: the overland flow process which determines the water supply to the drainage network; the channel flow process which translates the hydrograph in space and time; and the drainage network process which concentrates and magnifies the flow at the junctions of the drainage network. Functional relations for the hydrograph peak, timing, and flow velocity are presented. For a given uniform rainfall and infiltration rate, the peak of the channel flow hydrograph is shown to increase geometrically with channel order, and its magnitude is directly related to the bifurcation ratio. The travel time of the peak also increases geometrically with channel order, and it is directly related to the channel length ratio over velocity ratio. The flow velocity of the peak changes in a downstream direction as a function of the bifurcation and slope ratio. It was also found that for negligible channel storage the channel flow and drainage network processes do not contribute significantly to the observed nonlinear response of a watershed to precipitation.  相似文献   

1932年麻城6.0级强震的蕴育环境条件探讨     

王清云  李安然  申重阳 《大地测量与地球动力学》1992,(4)

本文在活断层研究和地震宏观调查的基础上,从现代地壳运动特征及活动断层几何学,运动特征等方面研究了1932年麻城Ms6.0级地震的蕴育环境条件,为预测该区强震的地点和强度提供依据。  相似文献