消光—小角散射法遥感气溶胶谱分布的实验研究   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7  

邱金桓  汪宏七  周秀骥 《大气科学》1983,7(1):33-41

本文主要论述了采用一台多波长光度计进行消光—小角前向散射的综合探测,并从实验数据反演了北京大气柱气溶胶谱分布,结合天气条件,初步讨论了谱分布的特点。  相似文献   

国家大气成分本底观测研究台站体系建设   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周凌晞张小曳  周秀骥 《中国气象科学研究院年报》2006,(1):12-13

2005年，科技部在“生态与环境国家野外科学观测研究台站专家组”基础上，吸收了来自有关部门的部分专家，组成“大气成分本底”初评专家组，根据国家野外站申报指南、遴选方法、遴选指标和评分标准，配合终评专家组，具体指导、实施国家野外台站的评审和遴选工作，新增了3个大气成分本底国家野外站（北京上甸子、浙洫临安、黑龙江龙凤山）。2006年，青海瓦里关大气成分本底站通过科技部组织的评估认证，正式进入了国家野外站系列。  相似文献   

湿润气候区非均匀地表平均蒸散发率参数化方案研究          下载免费PDF全文

刘晶淼  丁裕国  周秀骥  汪方 《水科学进展》2006,17(2):252-258

从水文过程的物理机制出发,提出湿润气候区平均蒸散发率的一种统计-动力参数化方案.将陆面蒸散发过程的复杂机制分解为地表层裸土及植被两种下垫面的土壤水分饱和区与非饱和区影响下的通量贡献.从理论上推导出考虑土壤含水量次网格尺度非均匀性的区域蒸散率解析表达式.根据湿润气候区土壤水分空间分布PDF的特点,给出适用于湿润气候区的平均蒸散发计算式.以长江三角洲为例进行的数值试验证明其合理性与可行性.  相似文献   

SLMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF AEROSOL SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND REFRACTIVE INDEX AND SURFACE ALBEDO FROM RADIANCE——PART I: THEORY     

邱金桓  周秀骥 《大气科学进展》1986,(2)

Analyzing in detail the dependence of sky radiance on aerosol optical property and surface albedo, we present a new method for simultaneous determination of aerosol size distribution, its wavelength-dependent refractive index and surface albedo. The aerosol scattering phase function near 10? its weighted phase function near 40?introduced in this paper, which can be inferred from sky radiance data, and the radiance near 90' are respectively used in retrieving the real part of refractive index, its imaginary part and surface albedo. Results in numerical experiments are satisfactory under different given conditions.  相似文献   

青藏高原隆起及海陆分布变化对亚洲大陆气候的影响   总被引：19，自引：0，他引：19  

陈隆勋  刘骥平  周秀骥  汪品先 《第四纪研究》1999,19(4):314-329

我们利用经过改进的NCARCCMI动力气候模式并综合出一个40～50MaB．P．的下垫面情景,进行了海陆分布和SST分布由古代到现代、青藏高原由隆起初期、隆起到现代高原一半和现代高度共5个情景的数值试验。结果表明,从古代到现代,模拟的中国气候是变冷的并且东部变湿而西北部变干。青藏高原的隆起是模拟出来的中国变冷的主要原因。青藏高原从隆起初期到隆起到现代高度一半时期中国地区降水是增加的,但当继续隆起后降水却有所减少,尤其是中国西北地区。本文还对海陆分布和SST分布变化以及青藏高原隆起对手风环流的影响作了分析。  相似文献   

ANALYSIS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH OVER CHINA IN 1980s   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

罗云峰  李维亮  周秀骥  何晴  倾继祖 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2000,(4)

This paper retrieves the yearly and monthly mean 0.75μm aerosol optical depth(AOD)of 41A-class solar radiation stations over China from 1979 to 1990,and analyzes the spatial andtemporal distribution of AOD over China mainland.The data employed are daily direct solarradiation and sunshine duration,as well as the TOMS version-7 ozone observation data in the sametime.The results indicate that the Siehuan Basin is the largest center of yearly mean AOD overChina.and the other two larger centers lie in Wuhan City and the South Xinjiang Basin,separately.AOD values are also relatively larger in the middle-and-lower reaches area ofChangjiang River.Shandong Peninsula and coastal area of Guangdong Province:while in YunnanProvince,coastal area of Fujian Province.most parts of Northwest and Northeast China,AODvalues are relatively smaller.The distribution of AOD varies with different months.In most partsof China.the maximum of AOD occurs in spring season;but the minimum varies in differentregions,From 1979 to 1990.in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau,West Siehuan Basin,North GuizhouProvince.most areas of the middle-and-lower reaches of Changjiang River,Shandong Peninsulaand west part of South Xinjiang Basin.AOD shows an increasing trend.But in Northeast China,most part of Northwest China,Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau,western Guangxi Region and the coastalareas of East China,AOD shows decreasing tendency.Generally,the seasonal variationcharacteristics of AOD in China can be classified into four typical models,i.e.,mono-modal typesA and B,bimodal and Poly-modal.  相似文献   

2650年东亚-北印度洋热力差异与东亚夏季风变化     

刘舸  赵平  周秀骥 《中国科学:地球科学》2011,(9):1334-1340

利用观测资料研究发现,东亚-北印度洋对流层热力差异指数（East Asian-North Indian Ocean index,IEANI）与东亚夏季风及相应的中国东部季风降水都具有密切的关系.当IEANI偏高（低）时,东亚中纬度夏季风偏强（弱）,华北地区降水偏多（少）,江南地区降水偏少（多）.为了研究东亚夏季风的长期变化特征,我们利用北京和澳大利亚塔斯曼尼亚地区的重建气温回归了BC665～AD1985年的IEANI.研究发现,在过去2000多年里,重建的IEANI总体上能够指示世纪尺度上的东亚夏季风变化和中国东部降水异常.重建的IEANI与中国东部降水的关系与现代气候所表现出来的关系非常相似,表明这种相关特征也出现在过去2000多年来的世纪尺度上.对于IEANI在更长时间尺度（数百至千年）上的变化特征及其与降水的关系,尚需利用更多类型的代用资料进一步验证.  相似文献   

南极中山站臭氧洞期间O_3廓线的观测研究          下载免费PDF全文

郭松  周秀骥  郑向东  陆龙骅 《极地研究》1997,9(1):80-84

本文主要分析了１９９５年臭氧洞期间在中山站用Ｂｒｅｗｅｒ臭氧仪通过Ｕｍｋｅｈｒ（逆转）方法观测和反演得到大气臭氧垂直高度分布的变化情况，并与Ｏ３洞闭合后及１９９５年１～３月的Ｏ３廓线测量结果进行了对比，同时还与国外测站的资料进行了对比，指出南极臭氧洞期间大气臭氧的减少主要发生在平流层下层（１４～２５ｋｍ），这说明发生在平流层气溶胶冰晶云（ＰＳＣ）表面的非均相催化反应主要发生在１４～２５ｋｍ高度。  相似文献   

DEVELOPMENT OF THE 2-D COUPLED STRATOSPHERICTROPOSPHERIC DYNAMICAL-RADIATIVE-CHEMICAL MODEL—PART Ⅱ:THE RESULTS AND DISCUSSION OF SENSITIVITY EXPERIMENTS          下载免费PDF全文

刘煜  李维亮  周秀骥 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1998,(3)

By using the 2-D stratospheric-tropospheric dynamic-radiative-chemical coupled model,somesensitivity experiments have been done,which are interactions among ozone,radiation andtemperature,vapor effects,as well as effects of source and sink.The result of temperatureexperiment shows that feedback interaction among ozone,radiation and temperature,mainlyoccurs in the upper and middle stratosphere,the maximum of ozone concentration decrease is 1ppm,the maximum of temperature change is 6 K,and the maximum of total ozone change is 20DU.From the experiment of water vapor,we can see that the area of the middle and high latitudesof the Northern Hemisphere is sensitive to vapor change.When the maximum difference betweenboth surface sources is in the Antarctic,the maximum of ozone change is also there.Because thecharacter of surface varies with latitude,dry deposition is different in different latitudes.Thechange of dry deposition makes ozone in boundary layer quite obvious,especially in both poles.The maximum change of total volume ozone in experiments of vapor,source and sink is more than12 DU.  相似文献   

EFFECTS OF THE ATMOSPHERIC COLD SOURCE OVER THE TIBETAN PLATEAU ON THE QUASI 4-YEAR OSCILLATION OF OCEAN-ATMOSPHERIC-LAND INTERACTION   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

张博  陈隆勋  周秀骥  赵滨 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2009,15(1):20-27

Using correlation analyses, composite analyses, and singular value decomposition, the relationship between the atmospheric cold source over the eastern Tibetan Plateau and atmospheric/ocean circulation is discussed. In winter, the anomaly of the strong (weak) atmospheric cold source over the eastern plateau causes low-level anomalous north (south) winds to appear in eastern China and low-level anomaly zonal west (east) winds to prevail in the equatorial Pacific from spring to autumn. This contributes to the anomalous warm (cold) sea surface temperature the following autumn and winter. In addition, the anomalous variation of sea surface temperature over the equatorial middle and eastern Pacific in winter can influence the snow depth and intensity of the cold source over the plateau in the following winter due to variation of the summer west Pacific subtropical high.  相似文献