土耳其西部新生代斑岩成矿岩浆氧逸度-挥发份元素组成演化特征——来自锆石和磷灰石组成约束     

赵俊兴  苏本勋  UYSAL ?brahim  AYDIN Faruk  肖燕  SENCuneyt  回凯旋  秦克章 《岩石学报》2021,37(8):2339-2363

特提斯成矿域中段的土耳其西部集中产出了与俯冲、碰撞-后碰撞、伸展动力学背景有关的斑岩型铜、钼、金矿床。前人已完成了针对这些斑岩型矿床构造背景的大量研究工作,但对于区内不同构造背景下斑岩型矿床的成矿岩浆源区性质、成矿元素-挥发分含量和成矿物质演化关系尚未有系统研究。而这些研究将对认识中特提斯构造域晚白垩世以来在新特提斯洋俯冲、欧亚板块-Tauride-Anatolide板块碰撞和伸展过程中斑岩矿床形成时地壳厚度、壳幔相互作用方式及成矿物质演化过程具有重要意义。本研究选择土耳其西段三个斑岩成矿带(Tavsanli带、Biga半岛成矿带和Afyon-Konya带)内五个斑岩型矿床的成矿岩体与同期侵入岩-火山岩,开展锆石微量元素和磷灰石主量元素研究,限定碰撞与伸展环境下斑岩型矿床成矿岩浆的形成温度、氧逸度条件及其与岩浆形成时地壳厚度的关系,利用磷灰石F-Cl-S含量组成揭示熔体挥发分和硫元素的物质组成,进而约束新特提斯洋俯冲-碰撞-伸展过程中斑岩系统的深部物质演化规律。研究结果表明,土耳其西部新生代斑岩型矿床成矿岩浆锆石大部分落于高水含量-高氧逸度区间,具有相似的稀土元素标准化配分曲线。从始新世到中新世,锆石氧逸度Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+)比值呈现出先降低(斑岩型Cu-Mo矿到斑岩型Mo矿)后升高(斑岩型Mo-Cu矿到斑岩Au矿)的趋势,且相对于斑岩型Mo矿和Mo-Cu矿,斑岩型Au矿和Cu-Mo矿成矿岩体的锆石形成时具有相对较高的氧逸度。绝大部分斑岩型矿床成矿岩体的锆石Eu_N/EU_N~*位于0.4～0.7之间,但斑岩型Mo矿和斑岩型Mo-Cu矿床的锆石具有相对较低的Eu_N/Eu_N~*比值,可能是由于在结晶时熔体受斜长石结晶影响较大。锆石微量元素显示(Yb/Gd和Hf/Y-Th/U)锆石组成大部分受岩浆房中角闪石±榍石±磷灰石分离结晶控制。根据锆石Ti温度计估算土耳其西部斑岩型矿床成矿岩体及其相关岩体的形成温度在650～900℃之间,结晶温度从斑岩型Au矿、斑岩型Cu-Mo/Mo-Cu矿至斑岩型Mo矿呈现递减趋势。对于熔体的挥发分与硫含量组成始新世-渐新世斑岩型Cu-Mo与Mo矿床成矿岩浆相对具有高F和低Cl组成,中新世伸展环境形成的斑岩型Mo-Cu矿和斑岩型Au矿床成矿岩浆Cl含量普遍较高。与成矿岩体同期的暗色包体或基性岩脉中磷灰石计算获得的熔体硫含量均大于侵入体对应熔体的硫含量,且具有不均一的含量组成,表明基性岩浆注入可能为岩浆房提供硫。结合区域动力学和地壳厚度估算,本文认为触发土耳其西部新生代斑岩矿床形成的动力学机制是:在新特提斯洋向北单向汇聚的背景下,北部始新世-渐新世斑岩矿床受控于碰撞后俯冲的新特提斯洋板片(Vardar洋)后撤-回转-断离过程;南部中新世斑岩矿床的形成则受控于爱琴海板片俯冲控制的地壳伸展-减薄过程。北侧Izmir-Ankara-Erzincan缝合带附近的Tavsanli与Biga半岛斑岩成矿带始新世-渐新世斑岩型矿床的形成与熔融-同化-储存-均一过程(MASH)有关,深部地壳热区过程(DCHZ)与中新世Afyon-Konya带斑岩型矿床的形成有关。  相似文献   

Towards a Spatially and Temporally Constant Karakorum Fault Slip Rate     

Marie-Luce CHEVALIER  Jér?me VAN DER WOERD  Paul TAPPONNIER  LI Haibing  Frederick J. RYERSON  Robert C. FINKEL 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(Z1):340-342

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First Evidence of Lamprophyric Magmatism from the Konya Region,Turkey: a Genetic Link to High-K Volcanism     

Kür?ad ASAN  and M. Ali ERTüRK 《《地质学报》英文版》2013,87(6):1617-1629

In the vicinity of Konya （Turkey）,mafic,micro-porphyritic sub-volcanic rocks intrude into the Mesozoic units,which represents the only example of such a rock type in the region.40Ar/39Ar dating of two whole rock samples from the sub-volcanics gave ages of 13.72±0.13 and 12.40±0.11 Ma,suggesting temporal association to the Late Miocene-Pliocene high-K calc-alkaline volcanism in the region.The mineral chemistry and geochemical data permit us to classify the rocks as ＂minette＂ lamprophyres.They include diopside and phlogopite phenocrysts in a microcrystalline groundmass composed of sanidine,phlogopite,diopside and titano-magnetite.Segregation and ocelli-like globular structures occur commonly in the samples.In terms of major elements,the lamprophyres are calcalkaline,and potassic to ultrapotassic rocks.All the lamprophyres display strong enrichments in LILE （Rb,Ba,K,Sr）,radiogenic elements （Th,U） and LREE （La,Ce） and prominent negative Nb,Ta,and Ti anomalies on primordial mantle-normalized trace element diagrams.Geochemical data suggest that the lamprophyres and high-K calc-alkaline rocks in the region derived from a subduction-modified lithospheric mantle source affected by different metasomatic events.Lamprophyric magmatism sourced phlogopite-bearing veins generated by sediment-related metasomatism via subduction,but high-K calc-alkaline magmas are possibly derived from a mantle source affected by fluid-rich metasomatism.  相似文献   

天然状态下多年冻土区活动层厚度研究进展与展望     

罗栋梁  金会军  吴青柏  Olga MAKARIEVA  田世民  康建芳  王金牛  彭小清  Wojciech DOBI?SKI  陈方方 《冰川冻土》2023,(2):558-574

活动层作为多年冻土区水热物理和力学动态最活跃的近地表层，是供给高寒植物生长所需水分和营养物质的关键区，是多年冻土与大气圈、土壤圈进行能水和物质交换的主要通道，也是微生物活动最频繁和生物地球化学循环最关键的冷生土壤层。近几十年来，在气候变暖和人类活动增强影响下，多年冻土区活动层厚度（ALT）普遍增加，对寒区环境与冻土工程产生了不利影响。本文对影响天然状态下ALT空间分异的宏观地质地理和微观局地因子、ALT的野外测量和模拟计算方法、ALT对气候变化的响应特征进行了回顾，并探讨了ALT变化对高寒生态环境的影响。研究表明：太阳辐射及其重分布和下垫面的复合作用是ALT空间分异的主因，在其他因素和条件一致时，高程多年冻土下界和纬度多年冻土南界附近的ALT较厚；近三十年来ALT积极响应气候变暖，随气温升高而增加，但区域差异明显，中纬高海拔和山地多年冻土区ALT大部分呈显著增加趋势，而高纬富含冰多年冻土区ALT因地下冰融化下沉，一定程度上抵消了因气候变暖而增加的部分。本文还展望了ALT未来研究方向，认为应聚焦ALT精准模拟制图、ALT变化的自适应机制、ALT变化对生物地球化学循环的影响和ALT变化对水...  相似文献   

基于最小二乘支持向量机的城市桥梁震害预测模型研究     

肖行辉  高惠瑛  孙海  王俊杰? 《震灾防御技术》2016,11(1):93-99

针对地震中城市桥梁震害状态具有较强的非线性、复杂性的特点,采用了具有RBF核函数的最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)算法。在大量收集我国地震中城市桥梁震害资料的基础上,将此算法引入桥梁的震害预测中,选取了地震烈度、上部结构、地基失效程度、支座类型、墩台高度、桥梁跨数和场地类别等因素作为模型的特征输入向量,建立了最小二乘支持向量机的桥梁震害预测模型。通过反复地样本训练及模型参数设置,仿真结果表明,该方法具有一定的准确度和可行性。基于最小二乘支持向量机的桥梁震害预测方法是一种可以用于地震中桥梁震害预测的良好方法。  相似文献   

荒漠地区红柳大芸人工接种试验研究     

艾尼瓦尔?依沙木丁  阿不都艾尼?买斯地克 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2009,3(4):47-50

通过2007-2008年对荒漠地区红柳大芸人工接种试验研究,为红柳大芸人工栽培提供理论依据和技术措施。在不同起源红柳林中,使用不同质量的大芸种子,采用不同接种深度和距离、不同接种方法、不同接种时间、不同的土壤、不同的定植模式、不同接种穴数等进行人工接种成功率对比试验。采用株行距1m×3m或1m×1m×3m的宽窄行造林模式、3月中旬至5月中旬用后期接种法接种、用纯度〉70％大芸种子、接种深度和水平距离为60cm和40cm成功率最高。  相似文献   

西南印度洋罗德里格斯岛石笋记录的新仙女木事件     

李瀚瑛  Ashish Sinha  程海  Sp?tl Christoph  宁有丰 《第四纪研究》2019,39(4)

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Effects of surface drag on low-level frontogenesis within baroclinic waves     

ZHANG Yi & TAN ZheMin? Key Laboratory of Mesoscale Severe Weather of Ministry of Education  and Department of Atmospheric Sciences  Nanjing Univer- sity  Nanjing  China 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2007,50(2):306-319

Using a three-dimensional nonhydrostatic mesoscale numerical model (MM5), the evolution and structures of baroclinic waves with and without surface drag in case of dry and moist atmosphere are simulated, with special emphases on the effects of surface drag on the low-level frontal structure and frontogenesis. There are two different effects of surface drag on the low-level frontogenesis in the dry case. On one hand, the surface drag weakens the low-level frontogenesis and less inclined to develop the baroclinic wave due to the dissipation. But on the other hand, the surface drag induces a strong ageostrophic flow, which prolongs the low-level frontogenesis and finally leads to the enhancement of cold front. Compared with the no surface drag case, the surface drag increases the frontal slope espe- cially in the boundary layer, where the front is almost vertical to the surface, and then enhances the prefrontal vertical motion. All these conclusions expanded the analytical theory of Tan and Wu (1990). In the moist atmosphere, the influence of surface drag on frontal rainbands is also obvious. The surface drag weakens the convection, and reduces the energy dissipation near the surface when the initial relative humidity is relatively weak. At this time, the confluence induced post-frontal updrafts moves across the cold front and reinforces the prefrontal convection, which is beneficial to the maintenance of the rainband in cold sector. Given the enhancement of relative humidity, the moist convection domi- nates the low-level frontogenesis while the retardation of surface drag on energy dissipation is not obvious, therefore the effects of surface drag on the low-level frontogenesis and precipitation are re- duced.  相似文献   

Geochemistry and SHRIMP U‐Pb Zircon Dating of Mafic Rocks North of Zunhua City,Eastern Hebei,North China Craton: Paleoproterozoic Gabbro rather than Neoarchean Ophiolite     

XIE Hangqiang  DONG Chunyan  Alfred KR?NER  LIU Shoujie  BAI Wenqian  LIU Dunyi  WAN Yusheng 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(3):1024-1040

Abundant mafic-ultramafic blocks and dikes occur in the area north of Zunhua City, eastern Hebei Province, and were previously suggested to be part of a late Archean ophiolitic assemblage. We employed SHRIMP zircon dating and a geochemical study on these mafic and surrounding rocks to test the ophiolite hypothesis. The SHRIMP data suggest that three metagabbro samples were metamorphosed at ～1.8 Ga. Numerous ～2.5 Ga zircons display strong oscillatory zoning, characteristic of zircons from granitoid rocks but not from gabbro, so we suggest that these are xenocrystic grains. The age of these xenocrystic zircons and their metamorpbic rims suggests that these mafic blocks formed in Paleoproterozoic. The surrounding gneiss of intermediate composition also contains 2.5 Ga zircons with oscillatory zoning and 1.8 Ga metamorphic rims. Fractionated REE patterns and Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf negative anomalies to variable extent were observed in the mafic blocks and surrounding rocks, also supporting a significant difference in the chemistry of ophiolitic rocks. Our data suggest that many mafic blocks in northern Zunhua are not part of a late Archean ophiolite complex but part of a tectonically dismembered Paleoproterozoic intrusive gabbro complex. This study shows that late Paleoproterozoic metamorphism occurred in the western part of eastern Hebei Province.  相似文献   

乌鲁木齐冬季浅薄型焚风对扩散条件及污染物浓度的影响     

赵克明  李霞  孙鸣婧  于碧馨  阿不力米提江?阿布力克木  卢新玉 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2019,13(1):13-20

本文针对峡口城市乌鲁木齐市2013-2015年冬季6个环境监测站、逐时的6类污染物浓度数据,气象数据及风廓线雷达资料,分析了浅薄型焚风对扩散条件及污染物浓度的影响。研究发现：冬季乌鲁木齐出现浅薄型焚风的频率为57.3%,平均气流底高约605m,气流顶高约2108m,气流厚度约1502m;乌鲁木齐市冬季焚风日比非焚风日混合层厚度低200m,逆温层厚度厚344m,逆温差大4.4℃,逆温强度强0.01℃/100m,平均风速小0.1m/s;空气质量各污染等级出现频率焚风日都高于非焚风日,3级高18%,5级以上重度污染高7%;污染物浓度日变化呈双峰结构,并表现为焚风日污染浓度＞冬季平均浓度＞非焚风日污染浓度;污染物浓度（除O3外）空间分布特征为焚风日比非焚风日高。  相似文献