Particulate organic matter uptake rates of two benthic filter-feeders (Sabella spallanzanii and Branchiomma luctuosum) candidates for the clarification of aquaculture wastewaters     

Cavallo D  Pusceddu A  Danovaro R  Giangrande A 《Marine pollution bulletin》2007,54(5):622-625

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Center-to-Limb Variation of Solar Microwave Bursts     

Silva  Adriana V.R.  Valente  Marcelo M. 《Solar physics》2002,206(1):177-188

Statistical studies of hard X-ray flares position on the solar disk have shown that the more energetic hard X-rays have a tendency to be more concentrated near the limb rather than at disk center, whereas lower-energy hard X-ray emission seems isotropic. Since the high-frequency radio emission is believed to be produced by the same energetic electron population responsible for the high-energy hard X-rays, we searched the microwave/millimeter emitting bursts for center-to-limb variation in their emission. A total of 499 bursts observed by the radio telescopes in Bern at the frequencies of 3.1, 5.2, 8.4, 11.8, 19.6, 35.0, and 50.0 GHz were analyzed. Simultaneous Hα flares were used for determination of the radio burst position on the solar disk. For each of the 7 frequencies, the peak flux and duration were studied as a function of heliocentric position. For 312 bursts, spectral parameters such as spectral index, peak frequency, and flux at spectral maximum were analyzed. For a subset of 43 bursts with emission at all frequencies, the emission and spectral parameters were analyzed. Center-to-limb variations of the spectral parameters for all bursts were sought. In order to interpret the observational results, we have performed a numerical simulation of gyrosynchrotron spectra. We find that high-frequency events, which are also the more energetic ones, have larger center-to-limb variations in their parameters than do the overall flares. Moreover, this behavior agrees with theoretical predictions.  相似文献   

Toxicity assessment of sediments associated with various land-uses in coastal South Carolina, USA, using a meiobenthic copepod bioassay     

Bejarano AC  Maruya KA  Chandler GT 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,49(1-2):23-32

Coastal urbanization supplies surrounding estuarine environments with urban-related contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals and pesticide mixtures. In our study, adult female and male copepods (Amphiascus tenuiremis) were chronically exposed to 18 sediment samples collected from sites influenced by different land-uses. Sediment samples were collected from three major suburban areas (Hilton Head, Kiawah Island and the Okatee River watershed) and a pristine site (North Inlet) in coastal South Carolina. Three-sediment bioassays (six sites per bioassay) were conducted by culturing copepods for 14 days in quadruplicate test sediments under flow-through conditions at 20 degrees C and 12:12 LD cycles. Adult survival and copepod reproductive output were quantified. Sediment samples were also analyzed by GC-MS for low and high molecular weight PAHs. Minimal adult mortality was observed in most sediment samples. However, sediments from Hilton Head Island and the Okatee River showed significant effects on copepod reproductive output (i.e., nauplii, copepodites and clutch size). Thus, we determined that reproductive endpoints rather than adult copepod survivorship were more sensitive to effects of contaminated sediments on A. tenuiremis. Furthermore, six (33%) of the 18 sites had a >25% reduction in copepod bioassay endpoints relative to controls, suggesting a high risk to long term A. tenuiremis population maintenance.  相似文献   

Steric sea level rise over the Mediterranean Sea: present climate and scenario simulations   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

A. Carillo  G. Sannino  V. Artale  P. M. Ruti  S. Calmanti  A. Dell’Aquila 《Climate Dynamics》2012,39(9-10):2167-2184

A regional atmosphere–ocean coupled model has been used to estimate sea level rise in the Mediterranean basin under present and future conditions. A present climate simulation has been forced by ERA40 reanalysis covering the period 1958–2001. Moreover a simulation has been forced by the global coupled model ECHAM5-MPIOM under present climate conditions for the period 1951–2000. Two other 50-year simulations have been performed under the SRESA1B scenario for the twenty-first century and differ only in temperature and salinity profiles used to relax the ocean model in the Atlantic buffer zone. The present climate simulation has been verified in terms of temperature, salinity and sea level against observed data, showing good performances both in mean values and variability over the whole Mediterranean Sea and over different sub-basins. The future scenario simulations show that the steric sea level averaged over the entire basin rises of about 2 or 7?cm in 50?years depending on the Atlantic boundary conditions. The difference of about 1?°C and 0.5?psu in the upper layers of the Atlantic sea reflects mainly on the halosteric component that contributes negatively to the sea level rise, when fresher and colder boundary conditions are used in the Atlantic buffer zone, and positively in the other case. The impact of the boundary conditions is not uniform in the basin and is particularly strong in some easternmost regions.  相似文献   

Vulnerability assessment in urban areas exposed to flood risk: methodology to explore green infrastructure benefits in a simulation scenario involving the Cañaveralejo River in Cali,Colombia     

López-Valencia  Adriana Patricia 《Natural Hazards》2019,99(1):217-245

Natural Hazards - Building resilient infrastructure is one of the major challenges faced by cities due to increasing urbanization rates and climate change. Furthermore, the application of...  相似文献   

Quaternary charophytes from Salina del Bebedero, Argentina: their relation with extant taxa and palaeolimnological significance     

Adriana García 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1999,21(3):307-323

Charophyte (Charales, green macroscopic algae) assemblages found in Quaternary shoreline sediments from Salina del Bebedero, Argentina, are described in detail, illustrated, and statistically analysed. Fossil gyrogonites, Late Pleistocene and Holocene in age, of Chara cf. hispida var. major (Hartman) Wood, Chara halina García, Chara hornemannii Wallmann, Chara bulbillifera (Donterberg) García, Lamprothamnium haesseliae Donterberg and Lamprothamnium succinctum (Braun ex Ascherson) Wood were identified. A comparison with extant charophyte species of similar ecological requirements allowed for an accurate systematical determination and provided useful data for complementary palaeoecological and palaeobiogeographical approaches. On this basis, a reconstruction of palaeo-salinities for the Salina del Bebedero lake, represented by eleven palaeo-beaches, is proposed. Also the associations of charophytes with the ostracods Cyprideis sp., Limnocythere sp., Pampacythere sp., Cypridopsis sp., Darwinula sp., Ilyocypris gibba (Randohr) Brady and Norman, and the foraminifers Ammonia sp., Elphidium gunteri Cole, Quinqueloculina sp., and one species of Discorbacea are analysed, since they are present in both the fossil and modern environments.  相似文献   

Analysis of suspended sediment dynamics at event scale: comparison between a Mediterranean and an Alpine basin     

Stefano Giorgio Pagano  Adriana García-Rama  Francesco Gentile  Mario Aristide Lenzi 《水文科学杂志》2019,64(8):948-961

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Sources and sinks of sulphate dissolved in lake water of a dam reservoir: S and O isotopic approach     

Dominika Lewicka-Szczebak  Adriana TrojanowskaWojciech Drzewicki  Maciej GórkaMariusz-Orion Jędrysek  Piotr JezierskiMarta Kurasiewicz  Janusz Krajniak 《Applied Geochemistry》2009

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Modeling the effects of historical vegetation change on near-surface atmosphere in the northern Chihuahuan Desert     

Adriana Beltrn-Przekurat  Roger A. Pielke Sr.  Debra P.C. Peters  Keirith A. Snyder  Albert Rango 《Journal of Arid Environments》2008,72(10):1897-1910

Our goal was to evaluate effects of broad-scale changes in vegetation from grasslands to shrublands over the past 150 years on near-surface atmosphere over the Jornada Experimental Range in the northern Chihuahuan Desert, using a regional climate model. Simulations were conducted using 1858 and 1998 vegetation maps, and data collected in the field. Overall, the vegetation shift led to small changes in sensible heat (SH) and an increase in latent heat (LH). The impacts of shrub encroachment depended on shrubland type: conversion from grass to mesquite cools the near-surface atmosphere and from grass to creosotebush warms it. Higher albedo of mesquite relative to grasses reduced available energy, which was dissipated mainly as LH due to the deeper root system in mesquite. In creosotebush-dominated areas, a decrease in albedo, an increase in roughness length and displacement height contributed to the SH increase and warmer temperatures. Sensitivity simulations showed that an increase in soil moisture content enhanced shrub LH and a reduction in mesquite cover enhanced the temperature differences. The observed shift in vegetation led to complex interactions between land and surface fluxes, demonstrating that vegetation itself is a weather and climate variable as it significantly influences temperature and humidity.  相似文献   

Malachite Green Adsorption by a Residue‐based Microwave‐activated Adsorbent     

Adriana S. Franca  Leandro S. Oliveira  Anne A. Nunes 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2010,38(9):843-849

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