Pleurozium schreberi as bioindicator of mercury pollution in heavily industrialized region     

Aleksandra Samecka-Cymerman  Grzegorz Kosior  Krzysztof Kolon  Bronisław Wojtuń  Krzysztof Zawadzki  Andrzej Rudecki  Alexander J. Kempers 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》2013,70(2):105-114

This research is continuation of the investigation of metal accumulation in native and transplanted moss Pleurozium schreberi in the most industrialized and affected region in Poland (Upper Silesia). We tested the hypotheses that in Upper Silesia transplants of P. schreberi may be used in a 90 days bioindication experiment in case native specimens are absent; a 90 days exposure of transplanted P. schreberi was long enough for evaluation of Hg pollution of the environment. An assay was carried out with native mosses at 27 polluted sites and mosses from an uncontaminated control site transplanted to the same 27 polluted sites. P. schreberi collected from the same sites as classified for more and less polluted basing on Pb and Zn concentrations show quite different pattern of pollution with mercury; The accumulation of Hg by the transplants increased much faster in the first 45 days of the experiment (accumulation factor 1.5–6.7; mean 3.4?±?0.5) in comparison with the second period from day 45 to 90 (accumulation factor 1.0–1.6; mean 1.2?±?0.1). The 90 days exposure of transplanted P. schreberi was long enough for evaluation of Hg pollution of the environment. Transplants of P. schreberi may be used in a 90 days bioindication experiment in case native specimens are absent.  相似文献   

Dust in the solar system and in extra-solar planetary systems     

Ingrid Mann  Melanie Köhler  Hiroshi Kimura  Andrzej Cechowski  Tetsunori Minato 《Astronomy and Astrophysics Review》2006,13(3):159-228

Among the observed circumstellar dust envelopes a certain population, planetary debris disks, is ascribed to systems with optically thin dust disks and low gas content. These systems contain planetesimals and possibly planets and are believed to be systems that are most similar to our solar system in an early evolutionary stage. Planetary debris disks have been identified in large numbers by a brightness excess in the near-infrared, mid-infrared and/or submillimetre range of their stellar spectral energy distributions. In some cases, spatially resolved observations are possible and reveal complex spatial structures. Acting forces and physical processes are similar to those in the solar system dust cloud, but the observational approach is obviously quite different: overall spatial distributions for systems of different ages for the planetary debris disks, as opposed to detailed local information in the case of the solar system. Comparison with the processes of dust formation and evolution observed in the solar system therefore helps understand the planetary debris disks. In this paper, we review our present knowledge of observations, acting forces, and major physical interactions of the dust in the solar system and in similar extra-solar planetary systems.  相似文献   

Quasi-static Motions of Viscoelastic Satellites     

Boris S. Bardin  Andrzej J. Maciejewski 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2001,81(1-2):51-56

We consider the motion of a spacecraft which consists of a rigid body with a thin viscoelastic circular ring attached at some point of the body. Assuming that the stiffness of the ring is large and the dissipation is small enough, we study the quasi-static motion which is set in after free elastic oscillations have damped. In particular, the steady-state motions in the weakly elliptic orbit are found and their stability is investigated.  相似文献   

Ionospheric electron density observed by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC over the European region and validated by ionosonde data   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Andrzej Krankowski  Irina Zakharenkova  Anna Krypiak-Gregorczyk  Irk I. Shagimuratov  Pawel Wielgosz 《Journal of Geodesy》2011,85(12):949-964

This research is motivated by the recent IGS Ionosphere Working Group recommendation issued at the IGS 2010 Workshop held in Newcastle, UK. This recommendation encourages studies on the evaluation of the application of COSMIC radio occultation profiles for additional IGS global ionosphere map (GIM) validation. This is because the reliability of GIMs is crucial to many geodetic applications. On the other hand, radio occultation using GPS signals has been proven to be a promising technique to retrieve accurate profiles of the ionospheric electron density with high vertical resolution on a global scale. However, systematic validation work is still needed before using this powerful technique for sounding the ionosphere on a routine basis. In this paper, we analyze the properties of the ionospheric electron density profiling retrieved from COSMIC radio occultation measurements. A comparison of radio occultation data with ground-based measurements indicates that COSMIC profiles are usually in good agreement with ionosonde profiles, both in the F2 layer peak electron density and the bottom side of the profiles. For this comparison, ionograms recorded by European ionospheric stations (DIAS network) in 2008 were used.  相似文献   

Book Review
Hydrodynamic Limits of the Boltzmann Equation, by L. Saint-Raymond, Springer, 2009; ISBN: 978-3-540-92846-1     

Andrzej Icha 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2011,168(10):1911-1912

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Book Review
Geometrical Theory of Dynamical Systems and Fluid Flows, by Tsutomu Kambe, World Scientific, 2010 (Revised Edition); ISBN-13 978-981-4282-24-6     

Andrzej Icha 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2011,168(10):1903-1905

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Macroscopic impacts of cloud and precipitation processes in shallow convection     

Wojciech W. Grabowski  Joanna Slawinska  Hanna Pawlowska  Andrzej A. Wyszogrodzki 《Acta Geophysica》2011,59(6):1184-1204

This paper presents application of the EULAG model combined with a sophisticated double-moment warm-rain microphysics scheme to the model intercomparison case based on RICO (Rain in Cumulus over Ocean) field observations. As the simulations progress, the cloud field gradually deepens and a relatively sharp temperature and moisture inversions develop in the lower troposphere. Two contrasting aerosol environments are considered, referred to as pristine and polluted, together with two contrasting subgridscale mixing scenarios, the homogeneous and the extremely inhomogeneous mixing. Pristine and polluted environments feature mean cloud droplet concentrations around 40 and 150 mg^?1, respectively, and large differences in the rain characteristics. Various measures are used to contrast evolution of macroscopic cloud field characteristics, such as the mean cloud fraction, the mean cloud width, or the height of the center of mass of the cloud field, among others. Macroscopic characteristics appear similar regardless of the aerosol characteristics or the homogeneity of the subgrid-scale mixing.  相似文献   

GOCE satellite orbit in the aspect of selected gravitational perturbations     

Andrzej Bobojć  Andrzej Drożyner 《Acta Geophysica》2011,59(2):428-452

In this work, the GOCE satellite orbit is described in the aspect of perturbations in the Keplerian osculating elements. The perturbations come from the Earth and ocean tides, the gravitation of the Moon, the gravitation of the Sun, the gravitation of planets and Pluto, and the relativity effects. These perturbations are computed for the 30-day interval with a sampling of 2 min. To obtain the simulated orbit, the Cowell numerical integration method of 8th order is used. The first part of the work contains the root mean square (RMS) values of aforementioned perturbations due to the specified forces. The perturbations were compared taking into account their RMS characteristics.  相似文献   

Chaotic three-dimensional distribution of Ba,Rb, and Sr in feldspar megacrysts grown in an open magmatic system     

Ewa Słaby  Michał Śmigielski  Tomasz Śmigielski  Andrzej Domonik  Klaus Simon  Andreas Kronz 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2011,162(5):909-927

As has been demonstrated in recent years, the heterogeneities of coeval magmas can be more successfully revealed by zoned megacrysts rather than by analysis of the whole rocks hosting them. Here, the geochemical heterogeneities of feldspar megacrysts from the Karkonosze granite, Poland, are investigated by LA-ICP-MS. The crystals are the product of migration and growth in regions of poorly mixed magmas. 3D-modeling of the Ba, Sr, and Rb distributions emphasizes the importance of micro-domain growth morphologies. Two models of element behavior—a relative concentration model and a composition gradient model—provide a potentially effective tool for tracking the mixing process on a microscale. Measured concentrations of elements of different mobilities do not agree with what might be expected from the mixing of two end-member magmas. If mixing was the only process occurring, linear correlations between the concentrations of any two elements should be observed; this, however, is not the case. For combinations of any two of the three elements, modeling reveals differing non-linear correlations between concentrations. The megacryst heterogeneities provide an insight into how mixing magmas are chaotically advected to growing crystals and the degree of inter-magma element exchange between the magmas.  相似文献   

Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) crinoids of the Hidas Valley (Mecsek Mountains, S Hungary) and their biogeographic significance     

Krystian Konieczyński  Andrzej Pisera  Maria Aleksandra Bitner  Andras Galácz 《Swiss Journal of Geoscience》2013,106(1):109-118

The Bathonian crinoid fauna that occurs in red nodular limestone and argillaceous limestones from the Hidas Valley, Mecsek Mts (southern Hungary) consists of three isocrinid and six cyrtocrinid species. Isocrinids are represented by Balanocrinus inornatus (d’Orbigny), B. berchteni Hess and Pugin and Balanocrinus sp. Cyrtocrinids are represented by Phyllocrinus stellaris Zar?czny, P. birkenmajeri G?uchowski, P. malbosianus d’Orbigny, Apsidocrinus sp., Lonchocrinus sp., and the new species Psalidocrinus hidasinus sp. nov. This last species is the earliest occurrence of the genus Psalidocrinus previously known from the Early Tithonian to Valanginian. This is the first crinoid fauna described from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Hungary. The co-occurrence of isocrinids and cyrtocrinids indicates an environment subject to weak currents. The stratigraphical and geographical distribution of the identified cyrtocrinid genera and species suggests a Tethyan origin and subsequent migration to the northern Tethyan shelf.  相似文献