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21.
Temporal and spatial variations in the discharge and dissolved organic carbon of drip waters in Beijing Shihua Cave,China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
To detect the causal relationship between cave drip waters and stalagmite laminae, which have been used as a climate change proxy, three drip sites in Beijing Shihua Cave were monitored for discharge and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Drip discharges and DOC were determined at 0 to 14‐day intervals over the period 2004–2006. Drip discharges show two types of response to surface precipitation variations: (1) a rapid response; and (2) a time‐lagged response. Intra‐annual variability in drip discharge is significantly higher than inter‐annual variability. The content of DOC in all drip waters varies inter‐ and intra‐annually and has good correlation with drip water discharge at the rapid response sites. High DOC was observed in July and August in the three years observed. The flushing of soil organic matter is dependent upon the intensity of rain events. The DOC content of drip water increases sharply above a threshold rainfall intensity (>50 mm d?1) and shows several pulses corresponding with intense rain events (>25 mm d?1). The DOC content was lower and less variable during the dry period than during the rainy period. The shape of DOC peak also varies from year to year as it is influenced by the intensity and frequency of rainfall. The different drip sites show marked differences in DOC response, which are dominated by hydrological behaviour linked to the recharge of the soil and karst micro‐fissure/porosity network. The results explain why not all stalagmite laminae are consistent with climate changes and suggest that the structure of the rainy season events could be preserved in speleothems. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Stacy D. Jupiter Graham Epstein Natalie C. Ban Sangeeta Mangubhai Margaret Fox Michael Cox 《社会与自然资源》2017,30(9):1096-1111
Locally managed marine areas (LMMAs) are often recommended as a strategy to achieve conservation and fisheries management, though few studies have evaluated their performance against these objectives. We assessed the effectiveness of eight periodically harvested closures (PHCs), the most common form of management within Fijian LMMAs, focusing on two outcomes: protection of resource units and biodiversity conservation. Of the eight PHCs, only one provided biodiversity benefits, whereas three were moderately successful in protecting resource units (targeted fish biomass). Protection of resource units was more likely when PHCs were harvested less frequently, less recently, and when total fish biomass in open areas was lower. Our findings further suggest that monitoring, enforcement, and clearly defined boundaries are critical, less frequent harvesting regimes are advised, and culturally appropriate management incentives are needed. Although PHCs have some potential to protect resource units, they are not recommended as a single strategy for broad-scale biodiversity conservation. 相似文献
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Seasonal changes in nano/micro-zooplankton grazing on pico-, nano- and micro-size phytoplankton and heterotrophic nano-flagellates
(HNF) feeding on heterotrophic bacteria were quantified by the dilution technique in the surface layer off Cape Esan, southwestern
Hokkaido, Japan. Pico- and nano-size phytoplankton were major components throughout the year except in spring when a diatom
bloom was observed. Although there was little seasonal variation in bacteria and HNF biomass throughout the year, the micro-zooplankton
biomass varied appreciably with a peak in spring. Nano/micro-zooplankton grazing or feeding on pico-size chl-a and bacteria were well balanced throughout the year. However, nano-size and micro-size chl-a growth were much greater than grazing in summer. Nano/micro-zooplankton ingestion of phytoplankton was greater than their
ingestion of bacteria almost throughout the year, which suggests phytoplankton are more important as food sources of nano/micro-zooplankton
in microbial food webs off Cape Esan than bacteria off Cape Esan.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
24.
气相色谱-质谱法测定水中8种多氯联苯 总被引:4,自引:2,他引:2
以正己烷为提取剂,对水中PCB15、PCB28、PCB52、PCB101、PCB118、PCB138、PCB153、PCB180共8种多氯联苯(PCBs)单体经液-液提取、浓缩后,采用气相色谱-质谱联用选择离子扫描法测定,8种PCBs单体的检测限均小于2.5ng/L。低浓度PCBs的回收率为88.5%~104.0%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为3.5%~9.7%;高浓度PCBs的回收率为90.3%~102.0%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为2.6%~8.3%。方法具有良好的灵敏度和选择性,适用于批量水样中多氯联苯的测定。 相似文献
25.
Groundwater recharge studies are essential for investigating the feasibility of using the reclaimed lands in Singapore for subsurface storage and recovery of water. Through time‐series and spectral analyses, net recharge percentages and stress‐filtering characteristics at the reclaimed land were found to depend strongly on the stress transfer velocity, which was a combined function of rainfall pattern and vadose zone thickness. Based on stress transfer velocity, a theory was established to provide logical explanations for the rainfall–recharge relationship, the observed stress‐filtering characteristics and the recharge percentage characteristics at the unconfined sandy aquifer. Although the reclaimed land site has a lithollogically homogeneous soil profile, a non‐uniform recharge pattern was observed to be influenced pronouncedly by the uneven density distribution of bush grasses. Under a bare soil condition, significantly lower recharge percentages were observed for areas under the influence of offshore tides. The unconfined sandy aquifer appears to dampen out the wave propagation of offshore tides rapidly within a short distance from the tidal source, though it has a fairly straight shoreline and is created from highly compacted sand fills. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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氡,汞测量用于断裂活动性和分段的研究 总被引:25,自引:1,他引:25
作者首先给出海原活动断裂带从边沟至硝口的3条较长次级剪切断层,干盐池拉分盆地和边沟推挤构造区内的断层,以及尾端挤压构造区内的六盘山东麓逆断层的气氡,气汞浓度测量结果,然后分析了断层气浓度与断层活动性之间的关系,研究结果表明,测试条件大体一致的基础上,气氡,气汞浓度与断层活动性之间有着明显的对应关系,从而证明了断层气测量方法对于活断层分段和活动性研究是一种有效的手段。 相似文献
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