2000～2004年天津市大气污染特征分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

韩素芹  边海  解以扬 《气象科技》2007,35(6):787-791

根据天津市2000～2004年的环境监测资料和同期气象资料,对天津市大气污染物浓度变化的时空变化特征、大气污染与天气条件的关系进行了研究。结果表明:天津市大气污染物具有明显的时空分布规律,时间上表现为冬强夏弱,年际之间SO2和PM10浓度减轻,NO2变化不大。空间上表现为SO2和PM10在中心城区改善明显,NO2浓度在局部地区仍在增加。天气形势、城市热岛、逆温和混合层高度等对污染物浓度影响很大。  相似文献   

Review on physical models of lunar brightness temperature     

Jianqing Feng  Yongliao Zou  Wei Bian  Yongchun Zheng  Chunlai Li 《中国地球化学学报》2010,29(2):204-211

Brightness temperature is a main index to reflect the energy of microwave radiation of an object. Using lunar brightness temperature data, physical properties of lunar regolith, such as thickness, heat flow and dielectric permittivity, could be interpreted. There are two methods to study brightness temperature distribution of the moon: the first is used to measure lunar brightness temperature by radio observation or spaceborne microwave radiometers, and the second is used to simulate calculation by the physical model. On the basis of the measurements of lunar brightness temperature in the history, this study analyzed the main physical model of lunar brightness temperature, also including its theory and influence factors. The authors concluded that surface and subsurface temperatures of the moon, dielectric properties and layered structure of lunar regolith were the main factors affecting the global brightness temperature of the moon. These factors should be quantified in detail in the future research.  相似文献   

基于DPSIR模型的河西走廊农田防护林健康评价     

李雪宁  徐先英  杨雪梅  郑桂恒  刘虎俊  付贵全  陈芳  边小云 《中国沙漠》2023,43(1):234-243

农田防护林健康对维护绿洲生态安全、减少风沙灾害、改善局地小气候、提高农作物产量等具有重要的意义。综合运用熵值法和层次分析法确定指标权重,基于驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应（DPSIR）模型对河西走廊农田防护林健康状况进行了评价。结果表明：（1）河西走廊农田防护林整体上处于亚健康水平,瓜州县、酒泉市肃州区、嘉峪关市和临泽县的农田防护林处于健康水平,民勤、民乐、高台和阿克塞的农田防护林处于不健康水平,其余区县农田防护林处于亚健康状态。（2）林带连续性、疏透度、修枝情况和地区经济收入是驱动区域农田防护林健康状况的关键因素。  相似文献   

Numerieal prediction of storm surge in the Qingdao area under the impact of climate change     

Jianlong Feng  Wensheng Jiang  Changwei Bian 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2014,13(4):539-551

A typhoon-induced storm surge simulation system was developed for the Qingdao area, including a typhoon diagnostic model for the generation of wind and pressure fields and a 2D Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) model for simulating the associated storm surge with a 200 m resolution along the Qingdao coastline. The system was validated by an extreme surge event Typhoon Mamie (8509) and the parameters of Typhoon Mamie were used to investigate the sensitivity of typhoon paths to Qingdao storm surges with four selected paths: the paths of Typhoons Mamie (8509), Opal, 3921 and 2413, the selection being made according to their relative position to Qingdao. Experiments based on the Typhoon Mamie (8509) storm surge were also conducted to study the possible influences of future climate changes, including the sea level rise and sea surface temperature (SST) rise, on storm surges along the Qingdao coast. Storm surge conditions under both present day and future (the end of the 21st century) climate scenarios associated with the four selected paths were simulated. The results show that with the same intensity, when typhoons follow the paths of 3921 and 2413, they would lead to the most serious disasters in different areas of Qingdao. Sea level and SST affect storm surges in different ways: sea level rise affects storm surge mainly through its influence on the tide amplitude, while the increased SST has direct impact on the intensity of the surges. The possible maximum risk of storm surges in 2100 in the Qingdao area caused by typhoons like Mamie (8509) was also estimated in this study.  相似文献   

The potential of ocean acidification on suppressing larval development in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas and blood cockle Arca inflata Reeve     

李加琦  蒋增杰  张继红  毛玉泽  卞大鹏  方建光 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2014,32(6):1307-1313

We evaluated the effect of pH on larval development in larval Pacific oyster （Crassostrea gigas） and blood cockle （Arca inflata Reeve）. The larvae were reared at pH 8.2 （control）, 7.9, 7.6, or 7.3 beginning 30 min or 24 h post fertilization. Exposure to lower pH during early embryonic development inhibited larval shell formation in both species. Compared with the control, larvae took longer to reach the D-veliger stage when reared under pH 7.6 and 7.3. Exposure to lower pH immediately after fertilization resulted in significantly delayed shell formation in the Pacific oyster larvae at pH 7.3 and blood cockle larvae at pH 7.6 and 7.3. However, when exposure was delayed until 24 h post fertilization, shell formation was only inhibited in blood cockle larvae reared at pH 7.3. Thus, the early embryonic stages were more sensitive to acidified conditions. Our results suggest that ocean acidification will have an adverse effect on embryonic development in bivalves. Although the effects appear subtle, they may accumulate and lead to subsequent issues during later larval development.  相似文献   

基于GIS和RS的西藏森林火险等级计算方法     

林志强  马艳鲜  德庆  边多 《气象科技》2014,42(6):1147-1153

基于遥感技术(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS),利用由基于DEM演算的地面最高温度、最小相对湿度和最大风速等格点化气象要素,FY2静止气象卫星逐日降水反演产品和AVHRR积雪监测产品计算网格森林火险天气等级,结合由植被类型、NDVI、地形要素和公路、人口聚居地等要素评估的森林火险风险等级,综合计算得到网格化的西藏森林火险等级。该项业务程序基于MeteoInfo组件建立,能够实现全自动化业务运行。对于森林火灾事件,通过与基于气象站的森林火险天气等级相比,该方法的准确性更高,能为西藏林区森林防火工作提供有效参考。  相似文献   

气象要素对太阳能电池板温度的影响   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

潘进军  申彦波  边泽强  王香云 《应用气象学报》2014,25(2):150-157

温度升高会引起光伏电池发电效率下降,电池板温度是确定温度折减系数的必要条件,目前我国尚没有充足的外场实测电池板温度数据。该文基于北京南郊太阳能试验站2010年全年逐时电池板温度、气温、地表温度、斜面和水平辐照度实测数据,分析了电池板温度随时间的变化及其与各气象要素的关系。结果表明:电池板温度与气温和斜面辐照度的综合相关或与地表温度的线性相关最好,但实测数据不易获得;电池板温度与气温的线性相关较好,数据较易获得且质量有保证,从现实可行性考虑,是推算电池板温度最实用的相关方程;电池板温度与气温和水平辐照度的综合相关可以作为辅助方程,用于推算气温较高情况下的电池板温度。基于2010年电池板温度实测数据和加权计算的方法,得到北京地区年平均光伏发电温度折减系数约为2%,最高可达到13.3%。  相似文献   

Adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed under the influence of tannic acid     

Tao Wang  Xin Jiang  Congying Wang  Fang Wang  Yongrong Bian  Guifen Yu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(2):773-782

Although there has been substantial research done on adsorption of metals/metalloids by Al (oxy)hydroxides, little is known regarding the adsorption of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on Al (oxy)hydroxides, especially those formed in the presence of organic acid. This paper investigated the adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed with initial tannate/Al molar ratios (MRs) 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 (referred to MR0, MR0.001, MR0.01, and MR0.1, respectively) through batch adsorption experiments and FTIR study. The results showed that Al (oxy)hydroxides were important sorbents for phenanthrene. The adsorption kinetic data were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order equation. According to a modified Freundlich model, the adsorption capacities of Al (oxy)hydroxides followed a descending order of MR0.1 > MR0 ≥ MR0.01 > MR0.001, which was inconsistent with the organic carbon content in the Al (oxy)hydroxides. Adsorption capacity correlated with the specific surface area, micropore area, and micropore diameter of Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet the relationships were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). FTIR results showed that physical interaction was essential in phenanthrene adsorption onto the Al (oxy)hydroxides, which could be explained by an entropy-driven process. Surface hydrophobicity of Al (oxy)hydroxides played a key role in phenanthrene adsorption. Additional π–π electron donor–acceptor interaction of phenanthrene (acting as electron donor) with aromatic ring of tannic acid (electron acceptor) could be also important in phenanthrene adsorption by high MR Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet it needs further study. The findings obtained in the present study are of fundamental significance in understanding the mechanism of immobilization of PAHs in low organic matter but oxide-rich soils.  相似文献   

Black hole masses in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

W. Bian  Y. Zhao 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2004,352(3):823-827

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Analysis of the microseismicity characteristics in landslide dam failure flume tests: implications for early warning and dynamics inversion     

Yang  Yunpeng  Chen  Guan  Meng  Xingmin  Bian  Shiqiang  Chong  Yan  Shi  Wei  Jiang  Wanyu  Jin  Jiacheng  Li  Chen  Mu  Xinliang  Yue  Dongxia 《Landslides》2022,19(4):789-808

Landslides - Determining the premonitory and dynamic characteristics of landslide dam failures can provide an early warning as well the identification of the evolution of the failure process, and...  相似文献