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71.
The harmful alga Chattonella marina has caused massive fish kills and economic losses worldwide. However, the fish kill mechanisms by C. marina have not been identified. The present study has confirmed that a significant elevation of blood osmolality is the universal response in moribund fish exposed to C. marina and the possible reasons leading to contradictory reports were identified. Both osmotic distress and respiratory impairment are important mechanisms leading to fish kill by C. marina. The susceptibility of marine fish to C. marina appears to be inversely related to their tolerance to hypoxia, with the hypoxia intolerant goldlined seabream being the most susceptible, and the hypoxia tolerant green grouper being the most tolerant to C. marina. Further studies in the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) showed that fish susceptibility to C. marina is directly related to susceptibility of the fish to hypoxia, but not related to its tolerance to hypersalinity stress. 相似文献
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Bishop JL Koeberl C Kralik C Fröschl H Englert PA Andersen DW Pieters CM Wharton RA 《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》1996,60(5):765-785
Visible to infrared reflectance spectroscopic analyses (0.3-25 micromoles) have been performed on sediments from the Dry Valleys region of Antarctica. Sample characterization for these sediments includes extensive geochemical analyses and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The reflectance spectra and XRD indicate major amounts of quartz, feldspar, and pyroxene in these samples and lesser amounts of carbonate, mica, chlorite, amphibole, illite, smectite, and organic matter. Calcite is the primary form of carbonate present in these Lake Hoare sediments based on the elemental abundances and spectroscopic features. The particle size distribution of the major and secondary components influences their detection in mixtures and this sensitivity to particle size is manifested differently in the "volume scattering" and "surface scattering" infrared regions. The Christiansen feature lies between these two spectral regimes and is influenced by the spectral properties of both regions. For these mixtures the Christiansen feature was found to be dependent on physical parameters, such as particle size and sample texture, as well as the mineralogy. Semiquantitative spectroscopic detection of calcite and organic material has been tested in these quartz- and feldspar-rich sediments. The relative spectral band depths due to organics and calcite correlate in general with the wt% C from organic matter and carbonate. The amounts of organic matter and carbonate present correlate with high Br and U abundances and high Ca and Sr abundances, respectively. Variation in the elemental abundances was overall minimal, which is consistent with a common sedimentary origin for the forty-two samples studied here from Lake Hoare. 相似文献
73.
在刊登于近期的《EOS》的论文中,Walker(1995)提出了南太平洋区振荡指数特别低跟东太平洋南部地震活动幕之间相关的证据。他推测,地震活动与厄尔尼诺因果关系可能跟伴生震群的大规模海底火山及海底热活动直接和间接产生的热效应有关。为此,他引证了1991-1992年一个发生在18°S,116°W的异常震群,并指出在东太平洋洋脊15°S到19°S附近海域分布着大量火山和年青的熔岩流(Scheirer等,1993)。这一异常震群中的多数地震发生在Walker所关注的时间域内。该震群实际上 相似文献
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75.
Hemocyanin concentrations in the hemolymph of marine crustacea are dependent on the molt cycle and on environmental conditions. Studies in our laboratories have found that hemocyanin levels in blue crabs are reduced after ecdysis and under conditions of environmental stress (Engel, Brouwer, & McKenna, 1993. Hemocyanin concentrations in marine crustaceans as a function of environmental conditions. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 93, 233-244). We have extended those studies to include the American lobster, Homarus americanus. Hemolymph and digestive gland tissues from Long Island Sound lobsters were analyzed for hemocyanin, copper, and zinc during different stages of the molt cycle. Hemocyanin, copper and zinc in the hemolymph were highest in premolt stages (D1-D4), and lowest in the postecdysal papershell stages (B1-B2). Concomitantly, copper in digestive glands decreased significantly following ecdysis, but no significant changes in the metals bound to metallothionein (MT) were observed. Copper-MT was the predominant form throughout the molt cycle, presumably because lobsters were obtained from copper-contaminated areas. To examine the effects of environmental factors, intermolt lobsters were collected from locations of different environmental quality along the Atlantic coast, and were analyzed for hemocyanin and trace metals. In general, animals from areas with a history of contamination showed the highest hemocyanin concentrations. 相似文献
76.
DVB-S在气象数据广播中的应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
DVB-S卫星数据广播系统技术成熟、开放性好、硬件成本低、传输速率高,能很好地承担各种气象数据业务和视、音频广播业务。该文介绍DVB-S数据广播系统的基本组成,并结合新一代卫星通信气象数据广播系统的总体需求、总体技术设计、试验系统建设,对主站和小站的业务应用方式进行研究。基于DVB-S的新一代气象信息卫星广播系统建设,将大大提升国家气象信息中心气象信息广播分发和服务能力。大力开展围绕采用DVB-S技术的气象业务应用研究,拓展和衍生各种应用服务领域,是目前所面临的重要任务。 相似文献
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在１９０６年４月１８日加州旧金山大地震后的２４ｈ之内,俄勒冈州的佩斯利,亚利桑那州的莫尼克斯,加州的洛杉矶,布劳利都分别感到了地震。运用概率理论,结果表明同一天内在这些散布地区的每一个地点都发生有感地震是感见的。对１９０６年地震后２４ｈ内经受过地震的４个不同区域,确定了１８９７￣１９０６年９ａ间有感地震的发生率。我们用盒子里摸球概率问题的思想模拟了余震发生的似然性。结果表明,大地震余震区至少可延伸 相似文献
78.
借助于计算机技术和数学优化理论所产生的新算法,对各种地球物理数据,选择特定的目标函数及物性参数进行迭代反演计算,最后恢复出能够反映实际成矿条件和地质特征的一维,二维及三维图像。 相似文献
79.
在本文中,我们反演了米利根山斑岩铜金矿床的磁测、直流电阻率、激发极化（ＩＰ）和航空电磁数据,并将反演结果与已有的地质和矿化资料作综合解释。反演的区域内有一个侵入岩株,称之为ＭＢＸ岩体,区域周围遍布矿化带。在地模型被离散为许多单元,每个单元的物性恒定,构建与相应数据充分拟合的模型目标函数,通过使目标函数最小救是磁化率、电导率和极化率的分布。直接反演地面总场数据求取３－Ｄ磁化率模型。反演ＤＣ／ＩＰ数据 相似文献
80.
Wong DW 《International journal of population geography : IJPG》1999,5(1):31-48
"Using the household-level data provided by the 5% PUMS [Public Use Microdata Sample] data from the 1990 Census, this paper reports the pattern of ethnic mixing at the household level in the U.S. and also describes the geographical patterns of different types of multiethnic households at both the state level and the PUMA [Public Use Microdata Area] level. Several of the largest metropolitan areas are also examined in greater detail. The strong dominance of whites in the process of ethnic mixing is clear, as is the expected dominance of blacks in southeastern U.S. and the dominance of Hispanics in the southwest at the state level. The PUMA-level analysis reveals local clusters of ethnic mixing that are not apparent at the state-level analysis." 相似文献