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81.
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Miller J.H. Bartek L.R. Potty G.R. Dajun Tang Jungyul Na Yiquan Qi 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2004,29(4):940-951
This paper describes measurements of sediments during the 2000-2001 Asian Seas International Acoustic Experiment in the East China Sea. A number of techniques were used to infer properties of these sediments, including gravity and piston cores, subbottom profiling using a water gun, long-range sediment tomography, and in situ measurement of conductivity. Historical data from echosounder records and cores showed two regions of surficial sediments in the experimental area: a silty area to the west and a sandy area to the east. The tomography, cores, and water-gun measurements confirm the two surficial sediment regions seen in the historical data and also indicate that the subbottom structure at the experimental site consists of a thin (0-3 m thick) layer of sandy sediment directly beneath the sea floor. Below this layer, there is an extensive package of sediment with relatively uniform acoustic attributes. Core analysis shows that the surface sediment layer varies in compressional wave speed from a low near 1600 m/s in the west side of the experiment area to 1660 m/s in the east side of the experiment area. Long-range sediment tomography inversions show a similar spatial variation in the surface layer properties. In addition, the layer thickness as determined from tomography is consistent with the estimates from subbottom profiling. 相似文献
83.
安徽宣城茶亭铜金矿是皖东南首次发现的大型斑岩型铜金矿。近年来在该地区实施的一系列物探工作以及验证物探异常获得新的找矿成果,区内铜多金属矿与岩浆活动十分密切,中酸性侵入岩能引起地磁异常,碳酸盐岩能引起重力异常,黄铁矿、黄铜矿能引起可控制音频大地电磁(controlled source audio magnetotelluric method,CSAMT)低阻异常,研究发现茶亭斑岩型铜金矿物探异常特征为: 低磁、高重力场、CSAMT低阻。根据上述综合找矿信息,在茶亭斑岩型铜金矿外围深部找矿中发现了新的含金隐爆角砾岩体以及铅锌矿体,指明了茶亭外围找矿方向,为进一步的找矿突破提供了思路。 相似文献
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Guoliang Jin Dajun Tang 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1996,21(1):53-63
The differential phase technique has been widely used in various sonar systems; however, uncertainties associated with the estimation of scatterer depths are not completely understood. Numerical simulations for multiple bottom scatterers are performed, and they show that the uncertainties of depth measurements, in the absence of noise interferences, are much greater than the amount explainable by the uncertainty associated with the signal-arrival-angle within an instantaneous insonified area. The cause of the excess deviation is analyzed, particularly for the two-scatterer case. This kind of error is referred to as “baseline decorrelation” which is related to the speckle phenomena and can be considered as an equivalent noise source. Experimental data obtained by a particular high-frequency (40 kHz) interferometric system, the Benthic Acoustic Measurement System (BAMS) developed by the Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, at a flat sandy bottom off the coast of Panama City, FL, were analyzed. Both analytical formulas and a numerical model are given to estimate the measurement uncertainty caused by the baseline decorrelation, as well as noise interferences based on the parameters of the BAMS, in order to understand uncertainties of the differential phase estimation. It is found that baseline decorrelation is the main source of error for the BAMS for grazing angles greater than 12°. The measurement uncertainties at this grazing angle interval are in agreement with the theoretical predictions 相似文献
87.
利用中国气象局整编的CMA-STI热带气旋最佳路径数据集和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对2006年超强台风桑美(Saomai)在我国近海的突然增强过程进行诊断分析,结果表明:在Saomai突然增强过程中,总涡度收支在高层首先开始增加,接着中层涡度开始增加并逐渐向低层伸展,当高层涡度由增大转为减小,中低层涡度都转为增大时,Saomai趋于突然增强。在Saomai突然增强过程中,在对流层中低层,涡度平流项贡献最大,这与同期活动在西太平洋洋面上Saomai西侧的热带气旋宝霞(Bopha)有密切联系。进而利用中尺度模式WRF_ARW V 3.3进行数值模拟,结果表明:在Saomai西侧,Bopha的气旋性环流并入Saomai后,Bopha减弱而Saomai突然增强,Bopha残涡(remnant)正涡度带的卷入是Saomai在我国近海突然增强的重要原因。 相似文献
88.
Positional error of line segments is usually described by using “g-band”, however, its band width is in relation to the confidence level choice. In fact, given different confidence levels, a series of concentric bands can be obtained. To overcome the effect of confidence level on the error indicator, by introducing the union entropy theory, we propose an entropy error ellipse index of point, then extend it to line segment and polygon, and establish an entropy error band of line segment and an entropy error donut of polygon. The research shows that the entropy error index can be determined uniquely and is not influenced by confidence level, and that they are suitable for positional uncertainty of planar geometry features. 相似文献
89.
西安地区地热水和渭北岩溶水同位素特征及相互关系 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
依据采自西安地区300到3000米深地热井中地热水的水化学成分和同位素成分,确定出地热水的主要补给源和循环路径。地热水δ~(18)O 值变化于-11.8‰～-3.1‰VSMOW 之间,而δD 值变化幅度很小,在-87～-80‰VSMOW 之间,与西安市区现代大气降水的δD 值(～-60‰VSMOW)明显不同。在δ~(18)O～δD 关系图上,浅层地热水(〈1500米〉落在大气降水线上,而深层地热水(>1500米)向右侧偏离了大气降水线,呈现显著的氧同位素正向漂移现象。氧同位素由秦岭山前向盆地内部逐渐富集,在盆地内部随井深成正相关。据此判断,西安地热水的补给区位于秦岭山区。~(14)C 值表现为与氧同位素相反的变化趋势,~(14)C 年龄值在6,000～30,000年之间,表明地热水的地下循环时间很长。由井间~(14)C 年龄差异估算出从南到北地热水平均流速为1.7米/年,从西到东为2.5米/年。这些特征与渭北岩溶水截然不同,表明西安地区地热水与渭北岩溶水之间,虽然在空间上有密切联系,但分属于不同的水文地质单元,有各自独立的补径排系统。 相似文献
90.
