西藏措勤晚白垩世英安岩的厘定与地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王伟  曾令森  刘静  肖萍  高利娥 《地质科学》2013,48(2):484-500

野外地质调查和SHRIMP锆石U/Pb地质年代学研究表明,拉萨地块中带措勤地区发育一套形成于晚白垩世中期的英安岩(88.5±1.2 Ma)。该套火山岩具有岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征,为地壳深部岩浆岩部分熔融形成的Ⅰ型岩浆岩,经历了明显的斜长石分离结晶作用。与同时代的侵入岩相比,该套火山岩为高度演化的岩浆,Rb/Sr比值较高,但Sr/Y比值较低。在拉萨地块内部,广泛发育的90～85 Ma的岩浆作用与新特提斯洋的北向俯冲作用相关。  相似文献   

Evaluation of landslide risk based on synchronization of nonlinear motions in observed data     

Da-Chao Lin  Jing-Luo Cai  Zhang-Lin Guo  Fan-Lei Zeng  Feng-Ping An  Hai-Bo Liu 《Natural Hazards》2013,65(1):581-603

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Non-parametric Bayesian networks for parameter estimation in reservoir simulation: a graphical take on the ensemble Kalman filter (part I)     

Anca Maria Hanea  Maria Gheorghe  Remus Hanea  Dan Ababei 《Computational Geosciences》2013,17(6):929-949

Reservoir simulation models are used both in the development of new fields and in developed fields where production forecasts are needed for investment decisions. When simulating a reservoir, one must account for the physical and chemical processes taking place in the subsurface. Rock and fluid properties are crucial when describing the flow in porous media. In this paper, the authors are concerned with estimating the permeability field of a reservoir. The problem of estimating model parameters such as permeability is often referred to as a history-matching problem in reservoir engineering. Currently, one of the most widely used methodologies which address the history-matching problem is the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF). EnKF is a Monte Carlo implementation of the Bayesian update problem. Nevertheless, the EnKF methodology has certain limitations that encourage the search for an alternative method.For this reason, a new approach based on graphical models is proposed and studied. In particular, the graphical model chosen for this purpose is a dynamic non-parametric Bayesian network (NPBN). This is the first attempt to approach a history-matching problem in reservoir simulation using a NPBN-based method. A two-phase, two-dimensional flow model was implemented for a synthetic reservoir simulation exercise, and initial results are shown. The methods’ performances are evaluated and compared. This paper features a completely novel approach to history matching and constitutes only the first part (part I) of a more detailed investigation. For these reasons (novelty and incompleteness), many questions are left open and a number of recommendations are formulated, to be investigated in part II of the same paper.  相似文献   

Degradation of native wheat straw lignin by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A     

J. Zeng  D. Singh  D. D. Laskar  S. Chen 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2013,10(1):165-174

Lignin is one of the major contributing factors toward the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass. Understanding the process of lignin degradation in natural biological processes will provide useful information to develop novel biomass conversion technologies. Functional group changes in the lignin entities during the process may contribute to the cellulose degradation (utilization) by the microorganisms. In this study, compositional and advanced Fourier transform infrared, pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and ¹³C cross polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance analysis were performed to explore the mechanism of biodegradation of wheat straw by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A. The results indicated that S. viridosporus T7A removed lignin and hemicelluloses as indicated by the increased carbohydrate/lignin ratio. Significant modification of carbonyl and methoxyl groups in the complex lignin structure was also evident. Most importantly, the quantitative results showed that lignin degradation was featured by deduction of guaiacyl unit. The results provide new insight for understanding lignin degradation by bacteria.  相似文献   

Investigation of manganese tolerance and accumulation of two Mn hyperaccumulators Phytolacca americana L. and Polygonum hydropiper L. in the real Mn-contaminated soils near a manganese mine     

Qing-wei Yang  Qing Zeng  Fei Xiao  Xue-lian Liu  Jin Pan  Jin-feng He  Zhi-yong Li 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(4):1127-1134

Up to date, very few studies have examined the phytoextraction ability of hyperaccumulators in the real soils contaminated with heavy metals following the identification of the hyperaccumulators using hydroponics tests. In the present study, amended with a chemical-mobilizing agent of ethylene diamine triacetic acid (EDTA), the manganese accumulation, tolerance and the hyperaccumulating ability of two hyperaccumulators Phytolacca americana L. (Phytolaccaceae) and Polygonum hydropiper L. (Polygonaceae) proved by previous hydroponics tests were examined using pot experiments with paddy soils contaminated with Mn (1,047 ± 53 mg kg^?1) collected from one site in the vicinity of one manganese mine in Xiushan county of Chongqing, China. Results showed that the root and shoot biomass of P. americana and the chlorophyll production of P. hydropiper were significantly inhibited by EDTA treatments while the chlorophyll production of P. americana was oppositely obviously promoted by EDTA. It is noteworthy that, with or without EDTA treatment, the shoot Mn concentrations of both plant species were significantly below the hyperaccumulator threshold, indicating these two plants concealed their hyperaccumulating ability in the studied soils. Thus, further detailed studies need to be conducted to promote the metal hyperaccumulating capacity of these two plant species under comparably low Mn-contaminated soil conditions as shown in this study before the successful application of these Mn hyperaccumulators identified in laboratories to the phytoextraction of lightly or moderately Mn-contaminated agricultural soils.  相似文献   

Spatial distribution of surface soil water content under different vegetation types in northwest Guangxi, China   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Wanxia Peng  Tongqing Song  Fuping Zeng  Kelin Wang  Hu Du  Shiyang Lu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(8):2699-2708

Geostatistical and statistical analyses were combined to examine the spatial distribution of soil water content under four vegetation types during the dry season, in the peak-cluster depression in the karst region in northwest Guangxi, southwest China. The soil water content significantly increased from farmland to plantation, secondary forest, and primary forest; whereas the variation coefficients, the sill (C ₀+C), and total spatial variance increased, although the range decreased. The spatial distribution of soil water content in the different vegetation types had a high spatial autocorrelation. Different models produced a best fit for the semivariograms of the four vegetation types. Elevation and slope position were the primary factors influencing the spatial distribution of soil water content, with other key factors differing between the four vegetation types. Moreover, even though different specific factors influenced soil water content in the four vegetation types, the correlations and degrees of associations between the soil water content and these various factors differed. Therefore, the corresponding strategies for rational usage and management of water resources should be different for the four vegetation types in this region.  相似文献   

阿拉善高原近60年的气候变化          下载免费PDF全文

春喜  丹丹  毕力格  刘美萍  刘月  胡和达来 《水文》2013,33(2):43-50

阿拉善高原处于季风边缘区,生态环境极其脆弱,对气候干湿变化的响应极为敏感。利用近60a的逐月气温和降水量资料,采用非参数Mann-Kendall和Mann-whitney阶段性转换检验方法,分析了其变化趋势。结果表明,研究区气温在1988年前后发生突变,在该跃点后的19882010年的平均气温比19551987年要高1℃以上,有明显的增温趋势。而年降水量则无明显的增加趋势,尽管部分站点在1991年前后有微弱的增加迹象,但是区域尺度的降水突变还不存在,气候仍以暖干化为主,暂不能得出气候向暖湿转变的结论。  相似文献   

北京市表层土壤中PAHs含量特征及来源分析     

黄勇  王安婷  袁国礼  李欢  黄丹 《岩矿测试》2022,(1):54-65

土壤,作为城市中最重要的环境介质,承担了较高多环芳烃(PAHs)的环境负荷,开展土壤PAHs分布特征及来源分析研究,可以为污染风险防控、环保政策制定提供支撑.为研究北京市不同功能区土壤环境中PAHs的含量、组成及来源,本文在北京市主城区进行了大范围采样,同时针对工业区、农业种植区、水源保护区及居民区等不同功能区进行了分...  相似文献   

大别山区域成矿体系与成矿规律的初步研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杜建国  常丹燕  戴圣潜  孙先如 《安徽地质》2001,11(2):140-149

在大别山主要金属矿床基本特征及其形成的地质背景研究基础上，通过对燕山期岩浆岩、金属矿床形成的物源一流体的综合研究，在大别山初步建立了两个燕山期岩浆一物源一流体一成矿系统，并在此基础上，就区域矿床的形成规律进行了讨论。  相似文献   

四维地震资料处理及其关键   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8  

庄东海  许云 《地球物理学进展》1999,14(2):33-43

四维地震利用时延三维地震资料的差异来解释地下储层流体的变化，时延地震资料的差异除了受地下储层流体因素的影响外，还受采集和处理因素的影响。为了尽可能的减少或消除由非储层因素所引起的差异，四维地震资料处理总的要求是相对振幅保持处理，高信噪比处理和一致性处理，一致性处理是四维地震资料特有的处理，其一般处理原则是：（１）调查影响四维地震资料非穗生的原因；（２）保持处理流程的一致性；（３）尽量保持相同的偏移  相似文献