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911.
Juan Carlos Bidegain S. Jurado M. A. E. Chaparro M. Gómez Samus S. Zicarelli A. V. Parodi 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(3):749-763
The deterioration of groundwater quality, particularly due to salinization, because of the overexploitation of groundwater in the Lower Central Plain of Thailand remains a major concern. With increasing demand for water there is a growing need for sustainable management of the resource, which would benefit from an improved understanding of the sources of chloride contamination. Thus, a hydrochemical and isotopic study was carried out to chemically characterize groundwater and to investigate possible sources of salinization, and in particular of chloride contamination, in the multi-layered Bangkok aquifer system. Groundwater samples were taken from four topmost aquifers (Bangkok, Phra Pradaeng, Nakhon Luang, and Nonthaburi). Additionally, short-term rainwater sampling, as well as river and seawater sampling was performed and later analyzed for ionic composition and stable water isotopes. Ionic and isotopic data indicate at least three different recharge sources for groundwater. The major recharge source is rainwater. The influence of seawater is limited to the coastal region and tidally influenced areas of the two main rivers (Chao Phraya and Tha Chin). Bromide data also suggest the influence of saline water in deeper aquifers due to trapped water. Most importantly, although the influence of seawater on groundwater is recognizable, the surrounding geology contributes a significant number of dissolved ions detected in the groundwater. 相似文献
912.
J. Rey J. Martínez G. G. Barberá J. L. García-Aróstegui J. García-Pintado D. Martínez-Vicente 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,70(5):2271-2282
Anthropogenic pressure influences the two-way interactions between shallow aquifers and coastal lagoons. Aquifer overexploitation may lead to seawater intrusion, and aquifer recharge from rainfall plus irrigation may, in turn, increase the groundwater discharge into the lagoon. We analyse the evolution, since the 1950s up to the present, of the interactions between the Campo de Cartagena Quaternary aquifer and the Mar Menor coastal lagoon (SE Spain). This is a very heterogeneous and anisotropic detrital aquifer, where aquifer–lagoon interface has a very irregular geometry. Using electrical resistivity tomography, we clearly identified the freshwater–saltwater transition zone and detected areas affected by seawater intrusion. Severity of the intrusion was spatially variable and significantly related to the density of irrigation wells in 1950s–1960s, suggesting the role of groundwater overexploitation. We distinguish two different mechanisms by which water from the sea invades the land: (a) horizontal advance of the interface due to a wide exploitation area and (b) vertical rise (upconing) caused by local intensive pumping. In general, shallow parts of the geophysical profiles show higher electrical resistivity associated with freshwater mainly coming from irrigation return flows, with water resources mostly from deep confined aquifers and imported from Tagus river, 400 km north. This indicates a likely reversal of the former seawater intrusion process. 相似文献
913.
Jorge L. Pousa Enrique E. D’Onofrio Mónica M. E. Fiore Eduardo E. Kruse 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,68(8):2325-2335
The Argentine shore of the Rio de la Plata estuary and its southwards adjacent maritime front are normally affected by extratropical positive and negative storm surges that affect human activities seriously. Positive surges can raise the water level in the estuary by more than 3 m over the predicted tide; thus, flooding the coastal plain where over 13 million people live and causing extensive property damage. Sometimes, there has been loss of life too. Although less populated than the coastal plain, the maritime front has many important tourist resorts and also undergoes severe beach erosion processes and loss of property owing to positive surges. Negative surges are particularly troublesome in the Rio de la Plata because they critically affect navigation safety and drinking water supply by lowering the predicted water level in an amount that sometimes reached more than 4 m. A remarkable point is that the same storm event can simultaneously give rise to a positive surge on the maritime front and a negative one in the Rio de la Plata. The environmental impacts of positive storm surges are strongly aggravated by human intervention. At the same time, sea level rise due to global climatic change has also its influence. 相似文献
914.
J. A. Belinchón 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2013,343(1):237-244
The magnetorotational instability (MRI) in axisymmetric rotating dusty plasmas with viscous effects is investigated by means of a three-component model MRI with a vertical weak magnetic field. Starting from the three-fluid equations and Maxwell’s equations, I derive the general linear dispersion relation governing local MRI. The dust rotational flow is assumed to have the same angular velocity as ions and electrons. The dispersion relation of two special cases, without viscosity and dust effects respectively, is discussed in detail by taking into account the high-frequency approximation in order to make the perturbation frequency larger than the ion cyclotron frequency. The numerical results demonstrate that both the viscosity and dust effects can prevent the MRI growth, and the dust-induced effects are shown to be especially significant. 相似文献
915.
A variety of software is used to solve the challenging task of detecting astronomical sources in wide field images. Additionally, computer vision methods based on well-known or innovative techniques are arising to face this purpose. In this paper, we review several of the most promising methods that have emerged during the last few years in the field of source detection. We specifically focus on methods that have been designed to deal with images with Gaussian noise distributions. The singularity of this analysis is that the different methods have been applied to a single dataset consisting of optical, infrared, and radio images. Thus, the different approaches are applied on a level playing field, and the results obtained can be used to evaluate and compare the methods in a meaningful, quantitative way. Moreover, we present the most important strengths and weaknesses of the methods for each type of image as well as an extensive discussion where the methods with best performances are highlighted. 相似文献
916.
Oleg Malkov Mikhail Sachkov Boris Shustov Pavel Kaigorodov Francisco Javier Yáñez Ana Ines Gómez de Castro 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2011,335(1):323-327
We present scientific program construction principles and a time allocation scheme developed for the World Space Observatory—Ultraviolet
(WSO-UV) mission, which is an international space observatory for observation in UV spectral range 100–300 nm. The WSO-UV
consists of a 1.7 m aperture telescope with instrumentation designed to carry out high resolution spectroscopy, long-slit
low resolution spectroscopy and direct sky imaging. The WSO-UV Ground Segment is under development by Spain and Russia. They
will coordinate the Mission and Science Operations and provide the satellite tracking stations for the project. 相似文献
917.
Ana I. Gómez?de?Castro Jesús Maíz Pablo Rodriguez Maite Gómez Juan A. Larruquert José A. Méndez Tomas Belenguer Victor Rodrigo-Gudiel Fátima López-Martínez Paola Sestito 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2011,335(1):283-289
ISSIS is the Imaging and Slitless Spectroscopy Instrument for the World Space Observatory-Ultraviolet (WSO-UV) mission. ISSIS
is a multipurpose instrument designed to carry out high resolution (<0.1 arcsec) imaging in the far UV with fields of view
≥2×2 arcmin2. ISSIS has two acquisition channels: the High Sensitivity Channel (HSC) and the Channel for Surveys (CfS). The HSC is equipped
with an MCP-type detector to guarantee high sensitivity in the 1150–1750 ? range and high rejection of lower energy radiation.
The CfS is equipped with a large CCD detector (4k×4k) to obtain images from the far UV to the red (1150–8500 ?); the CfS is
implemented to allow observing UV bright sources such as reflection nebulae or nearby massive star forming regions. The design
drivers and the current status of the instrument are described in this contribution. 相似文献
918.
Juan I. Larruquert José Antonio Méndez José Antonio Aznárez Manuela Vidal-Dasilva Sergio García-Cortés Luis Rodríguez-de Marcos Mónica Fernández-Perea 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2011,333(1):305-309
The interaction between Ricci scalar curvature and the baryon number current, dynamically breaks CPT in an expanding universe
and leads to baryon asymmetry. Using this kind of interaction and study the gravitational baryogenesis in the Bianchi type
I universe. We find out the effect of anisotropy of the universe on the baryon asymmetry for the case which the equation of
state parameter, ω, varies with time. 相似文献
919.
The Solar Electron Proton Telescope on board the twin STEREO spacecraft measures electrons and ions in the energy range from
30 to above 400 keV with an energy resolution better than 10%. On 22 February 2010 during a short interval of 100 minutes,
a sequence of impulsive energetic electron events in the range below 120 keV was observed with the STEREO-A/SEPT instrument.
Each of the four events was associated with a type III radio burst and a narrow EUV jet. All the events show nearly symmetric
“spike”-like time profiles with very short durations ≃ 5 min. The estimated electron injection time for each individual event
shows a small time delay between the electron spike and the corresponding type III radio emission and a close coincidence
with an EUV jet. These observations reveal the existence of spike-like electron events showing nearly “scatter-free” propagation
from the Sun to STEREO-A. From the time coincidence we infer that the mildly relativistic electrons are accelerated at the
same time and at the same location as the accompanying type III emitting electrons and coronal EUV jets. The characteristics
of the spikes reflect the injection and acceleration profiles in the corona rather than interplanetary propagation effects. 相似文献
920.
Lai C. G. Bozzoni F. Conca D. Famà A. Özcebe A. G. Zuccolo E. Meisina C. Bonì R. Bordoni M. Cosentini R. M. Martelli L. Poggi V. Viana da Fonseca A. Ferreira C. Rios S. Cordeiro D. Ramos C. Molina-Gómez F. Coelho C. Logar J. Maček M. Oblak A. Ozcep F. Bozbey I. Oztoprak S. Sargin S. Aysal N. Oser C. Kelesoglu M. K. 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2021,19(10):4013-4057
Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering - Microzonation for earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard is the subdivision of a territory at a municipal or submunicipal scale in areas characterized by the... 相似文献