马里亚纳海沟挑战者深渊初期多金属氧化物的 矿物学、地球化学特征及其成因环境研究          下载免费PDF全文

王海峰  赖佩欣  邓希光  王汾连  杨永  邓义楠  何高文 《海洋学研究》2019,37(1):21-29

对大洋27航次在西太平洋马里亚纳海沟挑战者深渊获取的3个多金属氧化物样品进行了X射线矿物衍射分析、穆斯堡尔谱分析及地球化学元素分析,研究其矿物、地球化学特征差异。结果表明,所取样品处于多金属氧化物发育的初始阶段,具有独特的矿物地球化学特征:(1)相较于太平洋CC区及中太平洋海盆获取的多金属结核样品,本研究样品的矿物组成中含有异常高的石英、斜长石以及黏土矿物,而水羟锰矿和钙锰矿含量较低。(2)样品中铁相矿物主要为正方针铁矿(91.6%),另含少量纤铁矿(8.4%),推测是纤铁矿向更加稳定的正方针铁矿衍变的结果。(3)由于样品中深海黏土组分以及氧化物核心物质的混入,加上吸附金属氧化物时间较短,导致SiO₂和Al₂O₃含量均高于正常结核,而Fe、Mn、Cu、Co、Ni等其余金属元素含量较低。(4)由于形成时间较短,样品中稀土元素含量相对较低,ΣREE仅约为0.4×10^-3(一般太平洋CC区及中太平洋结核中稀土含量均大于1.0×10^-3);加之海水氧化还原作用的降低以及研究区海底热液活动的影响,Ce元素未表现出多金属结核中常见的正异常。  相似文献   

DOT2008A海面地形模型在我国邻近海域的精度评估          下载免费PDF全文

马刚  邓孟真 《海洋技术学报》2019,38(5)

文中首先介绍了DOT2008A模型建立的原理和方法,利用我国48个长期验潮站19 a连续观测数据验证DOT2008A模型的精度,其均方差为0.118 m,残差的标准偏差为0.086 m;联合多源测高卫星建立的海面地形模型数据验证DOT2008A的精度,均方差为0.106 m,残差的标准偏差为0.099 5 m,且其残差分布图基本符合正态分布。从实验结果来看,DOT2008A模型在我国周边海域精度较高,其建立方法较为合理,转化应用价值较高;同时与多源测高卫星建立的海面地形比较结果来看,验证了自主建立的海面地形模型的正确性,对建立我国高精度海面地形模型具有重要的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

An improved building detection approach using L-band POLSAR two-dimensional time-frequency decomposition over oriented built-up areas     

Lei Deng  Ying He  Zhi-hui Mao  Jie Yu 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2019,56(1):1-21

The objective of this study is to efficiently extract detailed information about various man-made targets in oriented built-up areas using polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (POLSAR) images. This paper develops an improved approach for building detection by utilizing Two-Dimensional Time-Frequency (2-D TF) decomposition. This method performs outstandingly in distinguishing between man-made and natural targets based on the isotropic behaviors, frequency-sensitive responses, and scattering mechanisms of objects. The proposed method can preserve the spatial resolution and exploit the advantages of TF decomposition; specifically, the exact outlines of buildings can be effectively located, and more types of features (e.g., flat roofs, roads, and walls that are oblique to the radar illumination) can be distinguished from forests in complex built-up areas by 2-D TF decomposition. The coarser-resolution subaperture images that are produced in the azimuth direction, which correspond to different looking angles, are beneficial for detecting man-made structures with main scattering centers oriented at oblique angles with respect to the radar illumination. In the range direction, the obtained subaperture images, which correspond to various observation frequencies, can be helpful in distinguishing flat roofs and roads from forests. This method was successfully implemented to analyze both NASA/JPL L-band AIRSAR and L-band EMISAR data sets. The building detection results of the proposed method exhibit a significant improvement over those of other methods and reach an overall accuracy over 80%, with approximately 20% higher than the accuracies of K-means clustering and the entropy/alpha-Wishart classifier and approximately 10% higher than the accuracy of the support vector machine method. Moreover, building details can be precisely detected, obliquely oriented buildings can be identified, and the distinction between buildings and forests is significantly improved, as both visually and statistically indicated. This method is highly adaptable and has substantial application value.  相似文献   

基于经验模式分解的太阳南北半球黑子面积的Rieger-type周期相位分析     

刘伟行  钱雅文  邓林华  冯松 《天文研究与技术》2019,(2):151-157

采用经验模式分解技术研究了从第12到第24太阳活动周黑子面积数据中的Rieger-type周期,以及它们在南北半球上的相位关系。研究发现:(1)Rieger-type周期尺度以及时间尺度在两个半球上是不一样的,从而导致了半球分布的不对称性;(2)平均Rieger-type周期在北半球上的周期长度略大于南半球上的;(3)占主导地位半球的Rieger-type周期的相位不一定是超前的,半球Rieger-type周期尺度相近的也并不一定是相关性强的。  相似文献   

高温焙烧对白云母晶体结构和物性影响研究     

谢宇风  田亚铭  熊维威  邓苗  黎晓海  刘向彬 《矿物岩石》2021,41(4):25-31

通过X射线荧光光谱仪、X射线粉晶衍射分析、热重分析、扫描电镜等表征手段,研究焙烧温度对白云母晶体结构特征、物性变化的影响.结果表明:白云母在25～1 200℃温度范围的加热过程变化主要分为三个阶段:25～500℃,该焙烧温度段对白云母的晶体结构、光学性质、表面形貌影响甚小;600～1 000℃,白云母虽保持片层状晶体结...  相似文献   

Microtremor-based analysis of the dynamic response characteristics of earth-fissured sites in the Datong basin,China     

Xuan You  Deng Yahong  He Jia  Chang Jiang  Yan Zuofei  Wu Wei 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2021,20(3):566-581

This study conducted microtremor testing along six survey lines that cross three typical earth fissures in the Datong basin to determine the dynamic response characteristics of earth fissure sites with regard to the Fourier amplitude spectrum, response spectrum, and Arias intensity. The results show the following.(1) The predominant frequency of an earth fissure site is mainly affected by the thickness and the shear wave velocity of the soil layer and is minimally effected by the presence of an earth fissure.(2) Earth fissures have a pronounced amplification effect on dynamic response. Fourier amplitude, response acceleration, and Arias intensity are high near an earth fissure and decrease with an increase in distance from the earth fissure, tending toward stability at a distance of 20 m.(3) The area that is seriously affected by this amplification is within 6–8 m of an earth fissure, and the general affected area is farther out than this, to a distance of 25 m.(4) New construction should be avoided in an area affected by the amplification, and existing buildings in general and seriously affected areas need to be reinforced to increase their seismic fortification intensity.  相似文献   

2004年6月孝感市一次大暴雨预报失误原因探析     

邓兴旺 《湖北气象》2006,25(4):14-17

为了提高基层气象台站暴雨预报与服务的水平,使用T213等数值分析预报产品资料,采取预报与实况对比分析方法,对2004年6月下旬孝感市一次大暴雨预报失误的原因进行了探析。结果表明,此次预报失误的主要原因,一是数值预报产品存在明显误差,二是上级气象台指导预报精细化不够,三是孝感市气象台预报工具出现偏差,四是本地预报经验方法存在不足。  相似文献   

夏季通风气象指数预报     

赵娜  张德山  邓长菊  马小会  穆启占 《气象科技》2008,36(6):779-781

随着人们生活水平的提高,对室内污染越来越关注,应"中国室内环境监测委员会"提出的需求,通风气象指数于2006年6月首次向北京公众发布,文章就首先研发并投入业务使用的夏季通风指数给出了详细论述.通过对2005年夏季(6～8月)的各气象要素(气压、温、湿、风、能见度、天空状况等)资料共1790个数据做检验分析,最终选取体感温度为主要预报因子并综合考虑夏季特殊天气条件和风力以及污染的影响,得出夏季通风指数在一天中7个时段的预报公式,并划分出相应的指数等级.  相似文献   

北极苔原新奥尔松地区的地表辐射特征   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

邓海滨  陆龙骅  卞林根 《极地研究》2006,18(4):254-264

利用我国北极黄河站所在地,德国Koldewey站1993-2003年的资料,对新奥尔松地区的地表辐射特征进行了初步分析。结果表明,由于云的影响,新奥尔松极昼期间的日照百分率仅为32.2%。暖季由于下垫面地表冰雪融化,地表反射率迅速减小,地面吸收辐射和地面有效辐射都迅速增大。全年累计的净辐射为正值;暖季是接受太阳辐射能的主要时段,寒季接受的太阳辐射能极少。虽近10年来新奥尔松地区的气温增加十分显著,但各辐射量的变化趋势不明显。地表辐射实测值与同期NCEP/NCAR相邻格点逐日资料的比较表明,NCEP资料对各辐射项模拟的精度不高。  相似文献   

百色盆地东部兰木组古岩溶储层特征及其主控因素   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

叶茂林  邓强  傅强 《海相油气地质》2006,11(1):15-20

常规薄片和扫描电镜分析表明,百色盆地上法地区兰木组石灰岩古岩溶储层具低孔渗特点,主要储集空间为后期改造产生的裂缝和溶蚀孔洞;经历了风化壳岩溶和缝洞渗流岩溶两种成因的两期岩溶作用,纵向上分表生岩溶带、渗流岩溶带和潜流岩溶带三个相带。裂缝以构造裂缝为主,以发育开启—半开启的高角度裂缝为主,低角度裂缝次之。有三种储层类型,其中以裂缝—孔洞型的最好,为主力产层,裂缝—孔隙型的次之,孔隙型的最差。影响古岩溶储层空间发育的主控因素为断裂和构造活动、岩石纯度、后期成岩作用的破坏。  相似文献