Plasticity,Not Adaptation to Salt Level,Explains Variation Along a Salinity Gradient in a Salt Marsh Perennial     

Christina L. Richards  Susan N. White  Mary Anne McGuire  Steven J. Franks  Lisa A. Donovan  Rodney Mauricio 《Estuaries and Coasts》2010,33(4):840-852

Evolutionary ecologists have long been intrigued by the fact that many plant species can inhabit a broad range of environmental conditions and that plants often exhibit dramatic differences in phenotype across environmental gradients. We investigated responses to salinity treatments in the salt marsh plant Borrichia frutescens to determine if the species is responding to variation in edaphic salt content through phenotypic plasticity or specialized trait response. We grew seedlings from fruits collected in high- and low-salt microhabitats, assigned seedlings to high- and low-salt treatments in a greenhouse, and measured traits related to salt tolerance. All traits were highly plastic in response to salinity. Plants from the two microhabitats did not differ in trait means or respond differently to the treatments. These results suggest that environmental differences between the two microhabitats are not creating genotypes adapted to high and low salt levels. In addition, despite evidence for variation in allozyme markers in this population, there was no significant genotypic variation (family effect) in any of the trait means measured across microhabitats. There was variation in plasticity for only leaf Na and leaf B concentration. The high degree of plasticity for all traits and the lack of differences among microhabitats across the salinity gradient suggest plasticity in many traits may be fixed for this species.  相似文献   

The N ii spectrum of the Orion nebula     

Vladimir Escalante  Christophe Morisset 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2005,361(3):813-823

The predicted emission spectrum of N  ii is compared with observations of permitted lines in the Orion nebula. Conventional nebular models show that the intensities of the more intense lines can be explained by fluorescence of starlight absorption with a N abundance that is consistent with forbidden lines. Lines excited mostly by recombination, on the other hand, predict high N abundances. The effects of stellar and nebular parameters and of the atomic data on the predicted intensities are examined.  相似文献   

Jurassic environments | A. Hallam, 1975. Cambridge University Press,London, x + 269 pp., £11.00.     

D.T. Donovan 《Earth》1976,12(4):434-437

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Underlands: A Journey Through Britain's Lost Landscape by Ted Nield. Granta,London, 2014. No. of pages: xvii+251. Price: UK£20‐00. ISBN 978-1-84708-671-6 (hardback)     

Stephen K. Donovan 《Geological Journal》2015,50(1):107-108

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Exceptional fidelity of preservation in a reworked fossil,Chalk drift,South London,England     

Stephen K. Donovan  Fiona E. Fearnhead 《Geological Journal》2015,50(1):104-106

Reworking of fossils commonly leads to loss of morphological detail and inferior preservation; the main contributions of such specimens to geology are in sedimentology, regional geology and neoichnology. A reworked specimen of the Late Cretaceous (chalk) sponge boring Entobia cretacea Portlock is unusually well preserved. This specimen is from superficial deposits and is well enough preserved that delicate apertural and intercameral canals are apparent. Two factors are recognized as important in maintaining the fine features of this trace fossil: preservation in flint and, presumably, minimal fluvial transport. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The Human Story,edited by Graham Lawton. New Scientist,The Collection,Issue 4, 2014. No. of pages: 128. Price: UK£9‐99. ISSN 2054‐6386 (paperback).     

Stephen K. Donovan 《Geological Journal》2015,50(5):702-702

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Measuring Change in Place Values for Environmental and Natural Resource Planning Using Public Participation GIS (PPGIS): Results and Challenges for Longitudinal Research   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Greg Brown  Shannon Donovan 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(1):36-54

Landscape values are a type of place value and are identified and mapped using public participation GIS (PPGIS). PPGIS engages nonexperts to identify important spatial information for environmental or natural resource planning. In 1998, we used PPGIS to identify landscape values for the Chugach National Forest (Alaska) plan revision process. In 2012, we conducted a longitudinal study of the same national forest using Internet PPGIS to identify changes in landscape values. The empirical results indicate stability in landscape values both in importance and spatial distribution. However, the use of different PPGIS methods (paper map vs. Internet) in the longitudinal study also introduced challenges in interpreting and explaining the spatial results. We discuss trade-offs in conducting longitudinal PPGIS research using mixed methods. PPGIS appears well suited for public lands planning, and national forest planning in particular, but barriers to use, such as regulatory approval, remain formidable.  相似文献   

Urban geology: a geological ramble in Culcheth,or doesn’t everywhere deserve a field guide?     

Stephen K Donovan 《Geology Today》2019,35(2):63-67

Write field guides! Not just to areas of classic geology, although these are particularly important, but also to your local area. These will be an aid to the local geologist, for their own pleasure and information, and, if relevant, for that of their students. But such guides will be of particular importance to local residents and amateur naturalists without a specialist geological knowledge.  相似文献   

Doing social volcanology: exploring volcanic culture in Indonesia     

Katherine Donovan 《Area》2010,42(1):117-126

Social volcanology refers to the integration of social science research methods into the traditionally physical domain of volcanology. This emerging multi-methodological research area draws from many disciplines in order to examine hazard-mitigation strategies that are community focused. A key facet of social volcanology is the role of culture and this paper explores the influence of traditional cultural values in relation to the 2006 volcanic crisis at Mt Merapi (Java). This paper describes the complex amalgam of cultural and socio-economic factors that influence community reactions to volcanic hazards and demonstrates the need for interdisciplinary hazard research.  相似文献   

Science at the policy interface: volcano-monitoring technologies and volcanic hazard management     

Amy Donovan  Clive Oppenheimer  Michael Bravo 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2012,74(5):1005-1022

This paper discusses results from a survey of volcanologists carried out on the Volcano Listserv during late 2008 and early 2009. In particular, it examines the status of volcano monitoring technologies and their relative perceived value at persistently and potentially active volcanoes. It also examines the role of different types of knowledge in hazard assessment on active volcanoes, as reported by scientists engaged in this area, and interviewees with experience from the current eruption on Montserrat. Conclusions are drawn about the current state of monitoring and the likely future research directions, and also about the roles of expertise and experience in risk assessment on active volcanoes; while local knowledge is important, it must be balanced with fresh ideas and expertise in a combination of disciplines to produce an advisory context that is conducive to high-level scientific discussion.  相似文献