Book reviews     

Ch. Bernhofer  E. Rudel  C. -D. Schönwiese 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》1988,39(1):57-58

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A strontium isotopic study of formation waters from the Illinois basin, U.S.A.     

Alan M. Stueber  Paul Pushkar  Ernest A. Hetherington 《Applied Geochemistry》1987,2(5-6)

The isotopic composition of Sr has been measured in 73 formation-water samples from Paleozoic strata in the Illinois basin; ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ratios range from 0.7079 to 0.7108. With the exception of four samples, the waters are more radiogenic than corresponding Paleozoic sea-water values. The relatively narrow range of slightly elevated ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr rations is uniformly distributed in waters throughout the stratigraphic column and in Silurian waters across the basin. Isotopic analyses of core samples from reservoir rocks show an absence of water-rock Sr isotopic equilibration. Basin lithology and analyses of detrital rock units indicate that clay minerals in shales and in quartz sandstone matrices represent the only significant source of radiogenic Sr for the waters. Silurian and Devonian water show a two-component mixing relation which suggests that they comprise a single hydrogeological system that evolved when radiogenic water from New Albany shales entered Silurian-Devonian carbonate rocks and mixed with marine interstitial water. Regional migration of the waters and associated petroleum within the Silurian-Devonian strata, proposed in other studies, is consistent with the Sr isotopic data. Under favorable circumstances subsurface waters are capable of retaining a Sr isotopic recor of their evolution.  相似文献   

Determination of Uranium in GSJ, CRPG, and CCRMP Reference Samples by Delayed Neutron Assay     

Ernest S. GLADNEY 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1985,9(2):275-276

Uranium concentrations were determined in 30 reference materials from Japanese, French, and Canadian agencies using delayed neutron assay methods. Many of these materials are new and have few previously reported values for uranium.  相似文献   

1982 Compilation of Elemental Concentration Data for the United States Geological Survey's Geochemical Exploration Reference Samples GXR -1 to GXR - 6     

Ernest S. GLADNEY  Colleen E. BURNS  Iwan ROELANDTS 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》1984,8(2):119-154

Concentration data for as many as 64 constituents in the six United States Geological Survey's (USGS) Geochemical Exploration Reference Samples (GXR) have been collected from journal articles and technical reports published since these reference materials were issued in 1971. These data are summarized into mean +/- one standard deviation values and compared with our previously calculated concentrations based upon USGS round-robin data published in 1978. All new literature data located are presented in the appendices.  相似文献   

Expansion of an X-ray coronal arch into the outer corona     

David M. Rust  Ernest Hildner 《Solar physics》1976,48(2):381-387

An asymmetric, expanding arch, photographed in the inner corona with an X-ray telescope on 13 August, 1973, is identified as the source of the mass ejected in a white light transient in the outer corona. The morphology, angular position, estimated mass and apparent rate of upward acceleration of the lower coronal arch are similar to those of the arch seen passing through the outer corona. The mass of material removed from the lower corona is estimated at 2 × 10¹⁵ g, and the upward movement is consistent with a constant acceleration of 12.5 m s^–2 between 1.3 and 5 R.The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the National Science Foundation.  相似文献   

Community Cohesion: Social and Economic Ties in the Personal Networks of Fisherfolk     

Fiona Nunan  Dražen Cepić  Bwambale Mbilingi  Konstantine Odongkara  Ernest Yongo  Monica Owili 《社会与自然资源》2018,31(3):306-319

Social ties influence access to knowledge and cooperation in natural resource management, with the sharing of certain characteristics thought to be positive for social cohesion and participatory forms of management. In this article, a holistic characterisation of fisherfolk personal networks is developed, disaggregating results by the main occupational groups within the fisheries studied, to provide a more nuanced understanding of the personal networks of types of fisherfolk. Links are then made between the characteristics of personal networks and evidence on how fisherfolk benefit from their networks, interpreted as contributing to social cohesion within the communities. The personal networks of fisherfolk (boat crew, boat owners and traders/processors) of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda bordering Lake Victoria were investigated using personal network analysis, with fisherfolk asked who they discuss their fisheries activities with. The analysis found that networks based on the same occupation were more characteristic of fish traders/processors networks than those of boat crew and boat owners and that shared ethnicity, gender and location were characteristic of boat owner and boat crew networks, though shared ethnicity may reflect the composition of the communities rather than choice. Social and economic interactions within the networks were based on provision of credit, social support and advice, suggesting that these form the basis of social cohesion and should be taken into consideration in working with fishing communities in both development interventions and designing collaborative management approaches.  相似文献   

HOUSEHOLD CHANGE,ACCESSORY APARTMENTS,AND LOW INCOME HOUSING IN SUBURBS*     

Thomas K. Rudel 《The Professional geographer》1984,36(2):174-181

This paper describes the characteristics of accessory apartments (rented housing units within owner-occupied single family homes) and the circumstances which give rise to them. Survey data from a New York suburb indicate that these apartments provide inexpensive housing for entry level workers, many of whom are related to the home owners. Analyses suggest that “empty nest’ households who anticipate a decline in income and live in a house whose structure facilitates a conversion are likely to create accessory apartments in their homes. Some implications of these findings for residential succession in suburban areas are explored.  相似文献   

Velocity Spectral Evidence of Upper Mantle Discontinuities     

Paul R. Gutowski  Ernest R. Kanasewich 《Geophysical Journal International》1974,36(1):21-32

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Approximate Age of Tectonic Activity Using Anomalous Lead Isotopes     

Ernest R. Kanasewich 《Geophysical Journal International》1962,7(2):158-168

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Age constraints on the Palaeoproterozoic Lomagundi–Jatuli Event in Zimbabwe: Zircon geochronology of the Magondi Supergroup     

Hikaru Sawada  Ernest Tafumanei Mugandani  Tomohiko Sato  Yusuke Sawaki  Shuhei Sakata  Yukio Isozaki  Shigenori Maruyama 《地学学报》2019,31(5):438-444

The ca. 2.2–2.1 Ga Magondi Supergroup on the Zimbabwe Craton in Southern Africa is mainly composed of sedimentary rocks deposited in a rift basin/passive continental margin, which record a unique episode in carbon isotope perturbation called the Lomagundi–Jatuli Event (LJE). This study reports new U–Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Deweras and Lomagundi groups of the Magondi Supergroup, and of igneous zircons from underlying granitoids, to constrain the timing of the LJE and to identify the provenance of the Magondi Supergroup. Most analysed detrital zircon grains range in ages between ca. 2.9 and 2.6 Ga. Three ca. 2.3–2.2 Ga detrital zircons from sandstone of the Deweras Group, with the youngest ²⁰⁷Pb‐²⁰⁶Pb age of 2,216 ± 22 Ma, indicate the onset of LJE in the Zimbabwe Craton was almost simultaneous to that in Fennoscandia and the Superior Craton, supporting the global synchronicity of the LJE.  相似文献