Comparison of Early Jurassic flora from South Primorye of Russia with its main coeval floras of China     

Elena Salyukova  Elena Volynets  SUN Ge  Svetlana Shorokhova 《世界地质(英文版)》2013,16(1):19-25

The Early Jurassic flora,with over 42 species of 26 genera and documented in age by sandwiched marine beds,from the Lower Jurassic Schitukhe Formation of South Primorye,Russia,is further reported.The flora is dominated by cycadophytes,ferns and conifers,with some of ginkgoales and czekanowskiales,and characterized by occurrence of Cycadocarpidium,with very rare Coniopteris.A comparison of this flora with its coeval Early Jurassic floras of China is discussed.The Russian flora is considered as the early assemblage of Early Jurassic flora,and more similar to the Early Jurassic floras from the Shansonggang-and Yihe formations of Jilin,Beipiao Formation of Liaoning,and lower-middle Guanyintan Formation of Hunan in China.  相似文献   

Characteristics, causes and mitigation of catastrophic debris flow hazard on 21 July 2011 at the Longda Watershed of Songpan County, China   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

GE Yong-gang  CUI Peng  GUO Xiao-jun  SONG Guo-hu  LIU Wei-ming 《山地科学学报》2013,10(2):261-272

Debris flow is a common natural hazard in the mountain areas of Western China due to favorable natural conditions,and also exacerbated by mountainous exploitation activities.This paper concentrated on the characteristics,causes and mitigation of a catastrophic mine debris flow hazard at Longda Watershed in Songpan County,Sichuan Province,on 21 July 2011.This debris flow deposited in the front of the No.1 dam,silted the drainage channel for flood and then rushed into tailing sediment reservoir in the main channel and made the No.2 dam breached.The outburst debris flow blocked Fu River,formed dammed lake and generated outburst flood,which delivered heavy metals into the lower reaches of Fu River,polluted the drink water source of the population of over 1 million.The debris flow was characterized with a density of 1.87~2.15 t/m 3 and a clay content of less than 1.63%.The peak velocity and flux at Longda Gully was over 10.0~10.9 m/s and 429.0~446.0 m 3 /s,respectively,and the flux was about 700 m 3 /s in main channel,equaling to the flux of the probability of 1%.About 330,000m 3 solid materials was transported by debris flow and deposited in the drainage tunnel(120,000~130,000 m 3),the front of No.1 dam(100,000 m 3) and the mouth of the watershed(100,000~110,000 m 3),respectively.When the peak flux and magnitude of debris flow was more than 462 m 3 /s and 7,423 m 3,respectively,it would block Fu River and produce a hazard chain which was composed of debris flow,dammed lake and outburst flood.Furthermore,the 21 July large-scale debris flow was triggered by rainstorm with an intensity of 21.2 mm/0.5 h and the solid materials of debris flow were provided by landslides,slope deposits,mining wastes and tailing sediments.The property losses were mainly originated from the silting of the drainage tunnel for flash flood but not for debris flow and the irrational location of tailing sediment reservoir.Therefore,the mitigation measures for mine debris flows were presented:(1) The disastrous debris flow watershed should be identified in planning period and prohibited from being taken as the site of mining factories;(2) The mining facilities are constructed at the safe areas or watersheds;(3) Scoria plots,concentrator factory and tailing sediment reservoir are constructed in safe areas where the protection measures be easily made against debris flows;(4) The appropriate system and plan of debris flow mitigation including monitoring,remote monitoring and early-warning and emergency plan is established;(5) The stability of waste dump and tailing sediment reservoir are monitored continuously to prevent mining debris flows.  相似文献   

湖南地区晚奥陶世桑比期—凯迪期早期沉积特征及沉积模式^*   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

葛祥英  牟传龙  周恳恳  梁薇 《古地理学报》2013,15(1):59-68

湖南地区地处扬子陆块和华夏陆块之间,根据沉积地层的岩石学特征、古生物特征及其他沉积特征变化,将湖南地区晚奥陶世桑比期—凯迪期早期的沉积相,划分为开阔台地相、浅海陆棚相、深水盆地相和陆架边缘—斜坡相。开阔台地相以沉积“龟裂纹”灰岩和瘤状灰岩为特征,浅海陆棚相转为沉积砂质板岩,板岩并夹有粉砂岩及泥灰岩透镜体。深水滞流盆地发育黑色碳质页岩及含放射虫硅质页岩,沉积厚度很小,代表了一个相对缺氧还原的欠补偿深水环境;陆架边缘—斜坡相则为岩屑石英粉—细砂岩,长石石英粉—细砂岩及砂质板岩、板岩的韵律互层,沉积厚度超过1000m,具浊流沉积特征。晚奥陶世桑比期—凯迪期早期,湖南地区总体表现为由西北和东南方向往中部逐渐变深,湘中南一带为水体最深地区。  相似文献   

利用声发射和波速变化判定岩石损伤状态     

梁天成  葛洪魁  郭志伟  宋丽莉  张金伟 《中国地震》2012,28(2):154-166

对岩石受单轴压缩损伤过程中的声发射和超声波波速进行了同步测量,对比分析了声发射和波速随损伤过程的变化规律。研究表明,岩石损伤过程可分成几个阶段,不同阶段声发射和声波波速变化呈现不同特征;利用超声波波速的相对变化能够稳定可靠地鉴别岩石的"加载强化"与"加载弱化";声发射b值对裂隙的非稳定扩展更加敏感,可以作为岩石失稳预警参数;岩石声发射和波速都对损伤具有记忆性,重复加载下的声发射和超声波波速变化可提供更丰富的岩石损伤状态信息。  相似文献   

东海陆架表层沉积物微生物多样性初步研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

王健鑫  许贤恩  周链链  陶诗  刘雪珠  石戈 《海洋与湖沼》2012,43(4):805-813

提要从东海陆架DH-13站点的表层沉积物中提取环境基因组DNA,通过PCR和TA克隆构建了细菌和古菌的16SrDNA基因文库,并对克隆子文库进行系统发育分析。结果表明:细菌序列以变形菌门(Proteobacteria,41.5%)居多,其次是浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes,10.9%)、放线菌门(Actino-bacteria,8.9%)和CFBgroup(7.9%),另外还有少量酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)、疣微菌门(Verru-comicrobia)、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospira)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)等;古菌序列全部来自泉古生菌门(Crenarchaeota),其中Marine Crenarchaeotic Group Ⅰ(MGⅠ,93.6%)是绝对优势菌,还有少量序列属于Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotic Group(MCG)、Marine BenthicG roup C(MBGC)和Marine Benthic Group A(MBGA)。文库多样性分析结果显示东海陆架表层沉积物中有着丰富多样的微生物群落,细菌的多样性更为显著。  相似文献   

Expressed sequence tag analysis and cloning of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene from marine alga Laminaria japonica (Phaeophyta)     

XUAN Jinsong  FENG Yanbin  WENG Manli  ZHAO Ge  SHI Jinfeng  YAO Jianting  WANG Xiuliang  GUO Baotai  QIAO Lixian  DUAN Delin  WANG Bin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2012,31(6):139-148

A high quality cDNA library was constructed from the brown alga Laminaria japonica,with the titer of 1.2×10 5 pfu/ml.The average insert size of the cDNA library is about 1.6 kb.From the cDNA library,591 cDNA clones were randomly selected and sequenced.As a result,574 EST(expressed sequence tag) sequences were generated.All of the 574 ESTs were submitted to the dbEST database section of GenBank with the accession numbers from CX942625 to CX943198.The cDNA library was screened with a α-32 p labeled 453 bp T P S gene probe,which is a partial sequence yielded from Porphyra yezoensis.Four positive cDNA clones were screened and the sequencing data showed that these four cDNA clones covered majority of L.japonica TPS cDNA sequence.After PCR amplification,sequencing and assembling,the entire ORF(open reading frame) sequence of the T P S gene was obtained,which was named LjTPS.LjTPS encodes a protein containing 908 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 101 674 Daltons.The LjTPS gene was successfully expressed in E.coli and rice.The LjTPS gene has potential application both in plant breeding to stress tolerance and in deciphering the T P S gene function and mechanism to stress tolerance.  相似文献   

面向网络的海洋研究通用信息平台中的设计模式     

邵宝民  李勃  田丰林  陈戈 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2012,42(5):120-124

海洋研究通用信息平台的开发是1个复杂的系统工程,其中订制流程的创建和执行,以及适用于海洋用户的可视化类库设计在整个软件体系结构中占有重要地位.结合海洋研究领域需求的特点,以面向对象设计模式为基础,研究并实现‘系列解决这些问题的框架.这些框架明确各层之间的纵向和横向关系,通过统一的抽象接口进行通信,降低层次之间的耦合度.实验表明,该框架的建立对提高软件重用度、增强系统的可扩展性和可维护性等都有重要意义.  相似文献   

Water losses in arid and semi-arid zone: Evaporation, evapotranspiration and seepage     

MUPENZI Jean de la Paix  NGAMIJE Jean  ACHAL Verenyam  HABIYAREMYE Gabriel  HABUMUGISHA Jean de Dieu 《山地科学学报》2012,9(2):256-261

The primary purpose of this study was to assess water losses by evapotranspiration, evaporation and seepage in arid zone.Normally, evaporation and seepage are the main causes of water losses.For modeling water losses,a combination of Genetic Programming(GP),Penman-Monteith(PM) and Penman combination model for measurement of evapotranspiration,evaporation and seepage has been developed.The results were found to be varying depending on how the evaporation and seepage phenomena are modeled.These results show that that there is an improvement in reducing evapotranspiration,evaporation and seepage losses in arid and semi-arid region.  相似文献   

Recent Progress of Marine Geographic Information System in China：A Review for 2006-2010     

CHEN Ge  LI Wenqing  KONG Qianqian  LIU Shouxin  LV Chongjing  TIAN Fenglin 《青岛海洋大学学报(英文版)》2012,(1):18-24

  相似文献   

青藏高原东缘山地古冰川沉积物磁化率特点及其影响因素分析   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

张威  李媛媛  冯骥  毕伟力  刘鸽 《地理科学进展》2012,31(11):1415-1425

湖泊、黄土与古土壤、深海沉积物等连续沉积体的磁化率变化作为环境变化的替代性指标被广泛应用,然而对于非连续、能够反映特定时段气候变化的沉积体,如冰川沉积物的磁化率却较少涉及.本文通过对青藏高原东缘8 个典型冰川发育山地冰碛物磁化率进行研究,并与黄土、湖泊、深海沉积物以及不同区域的表土磁化率进行对比,采用质量磁化率和频率磁化率探讨冰碛物的磁化率特点及其影响因素.结果表明：青藏高原东缘山地的冰碛物质量磁化率呈宽幅波动,介于(3.01~1808.80)×10^-8 m³·kg^-1,平均值147.84×10^-8 m³·kg^-1;频率磁化率值较低、且波动幅度小,介于0~6.89%,平均值为1.37%.不同时空条件下冰碛物的磁化率特点不同,即不同地点同一冰期磁化率的差异显著;同一地点不同冰期冰碛物的磁化率变化不明显.影响冰碛物磁化率的主导因素是母岩的岩性条件,气候因素起次要作用.  相似文献