Catastrophic movement of rocks and proposed solutions to avoid its risks in the Abu El-Reesh area, northeast Aswan City, Egypt   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Ashraf Emam  Abdel Hamid S. El-Fakharani  Adel W. Felesteen  Sayed A. Selim  Kamal M. Hafez 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(4):607-616

Catastrophic mass movement of rocks and torrents affected the Abu El-Reesh area, northeast of Aswan City. The present article aims to evaluate the potential catastrophic movement of rocks, delineate the risk zones, and suggest suitable solutions to avoid the potential risks in this area. The sedimentary succession of Abu El-Reesh area is mainly represented by the Nubian sandstone sequence of Upper Cretaceous (up to 60?m thick) forming a huge scarp at the eastern border of the study area. This sequence comprises two vertically successive rock formations: Timsah Shale Formation and Umm Barmil Sandstone Formation. The Timsah Shale Formation forms the lower part of the sedimentary succession with a thickness of 6?C40?m. It is composed of shale beds with intercalations of sandstones, siltstones, and mudstones. This formation is overlain by the Umm Barmil Sandstone Formation, representing the cap rock of the succession, with a thickness of 4?C20?m. The western scarp face has an irregular concave slope, with slope angles ranging from 22° to 46° in the lower part of scarp and become steep (60°?C86°) at its upper part. The drainage patterns are mainly coarse dendritic and discharge into the Nile River, passing through densely populated zones. These zones are exposed to the torrents during rare rainfall events. Three sets of vertical joints (trending NNW, NNE, and WNW) dissect the cap rocks and intersect with the horizontal bedding planes to form separated cubes and polygonal blocks. Potential catastrophic movement of rocks in Abu El-Reesh area is related to several reasons, including: existence of competent sandstones underlain by incompetent shales, dissection of the coherent cap rock due to intersection of vertical joint sets and bedding planes, presence of exposures with steep slopes, rainfall, and human activities (mining works, sewage water, and irrigation). Based on the dominance of either one or more of these reasons, three subareas (El-Khalasab, El-Shadeeda and El-Aqaba) represent the main risk zones, subjected to rock movements and torrents in the study area. Several solutions have been suggested for avoiding the risks related to the potential catastrophic movement of the rocks and torrents in the study area. The fractured rock masses at the top of scarp should be released either mechanically or manually. All buildings that were built on the slope surface of the scarp should be removed. Also, buildings which were constructed in the inlets of wadis and through the rain spillways should be removed. An unsafe boundary separating safe building borders from unsafe zone (with average width 50?m from the base of scarp) is delineated. As a result, resettlement for people living in this unsafe zone should be transferred to another safe area.  相似文献   

Multivariate statistical approach to identify metal contamination sources in agricultural soils around Pb–Zn mining area,Isfahan province,Iran     

Mohsen Nekoeinia  Reza Mohajer  Mohammad Hassan Salehi  Omran Moradlou 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(9):760

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Potentially toxic elements in the soil and two indigenous plant species in Dashkasan epithermal gold mining area,West Iran     

Farid Moore  Reza Dehbandi  Behnam Keshavarzi  Keyvan Amjadian 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(3):268

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Comparison of SRM and WetSpa models efficiency for snowmelt runoff simulation     

Hamid Karimi  Hossein Zeinivand  Naser Tahmasebipour  Ali Haghizadeh  Mirhassan Miryaghoubzadeh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(8):664

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Qanat hazard in Iranian urban areas: explanation and remedies     

Ahmad Abbasnejad  Behnam Abbasnejad  Reza Derakhshani  Alireza Hemmati Sarapardeh 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(19):1306

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Groundwater risk assessment based on optimization framework using DRASTIC method   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Seyedeh Mahboobeh Jafari  Mohammad Reza Nikoo 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(20):742

Due to anthropogenic influences and large amounts of pollutant released into the groundwater, it is vital to investigate groundwater quality and to characterize susceptible areas to contamination. In this paper, a new optimization-based methodology is proposed for determining groundwater risk using DRASTIC model based on genetic algorithm optimization model and Wilcoxon test. The correlation coefficient between DRASTIC/modified DRASTIC indices and nitrate concentrations in monitoring wells is used as a criteria for evaluating the efficiency of the proposed models. In this regard, because of the unsatisfactory original DRASTIC’s result, sensitivity analysis, genetic algorithm (GA), and Wilcoxon test (1945) are carried out to tackle the subjectivity associated with the original DRASTIC model and obtain better and reliable results. The results indicate that application of Wilcoxon test and GA optimization outperforms the others. Consequently, the correlation coefficient increased remarkably as compared to the original DRASTIC model (from 0.57 to 0.82). The proposed optimization process is adaptable to be applied in different case studies; mainly since it has the ability to optimize the weights of the model based on hydrogeological characteristics of the aquifer. Finally, the risk maps of the models are prepared using ArcGIS® to determine the most vulnerable areas.  相似文献   

Estimating width of the stable channels using multivariable mathematical models   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Neda?Yousefi  Saeed?Reza?KhodashenasEmail author  Saeid?Eslamian  Zahra?Askari 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(4):321

Predicting behavior and the geometry of the channels and alluvial rivers in which the erosion and sediment transport are in equilibrium is one of the most important topics in river engineering. Various researchers have proposed empirical equations to estimate stable river width (W). In this research, empirical equations were examined and tested with a comprehensive available data set consisting of 1644 points collected from 29 stable rivers in various parts of the world. The data set covers a wide range of flow conditions, river geometry, and bed sediments. This data set is classified in two groups (W < 600 m and W ≥ 600 m) for presenting the new models. The new linear and nonlinear multivariable equations were fitted to these two groups, and the best models were selected by preliminary tests and diagnostic determined for each group. The determination coefficient of these models ranged from 0.87 to 0.96. The results show that the models presented in this paper are more accurate with respect to the previously presented models. In the second part, “Artificial neural networks,” perceptron was used and a new methodology for estimating stable channel width was developed. Comparison of the statistical methods presented in this paper and the results of perceptron neural network revealed preferential recent method.  相似文献   

A new method for semi-automatic classification of remotely sensed images developed based on the cognitive approaches for producing spatial data required in geomatics applications     

Saeed Ojaghi  Farshid Farnood Ahmadi  Hamid Ebadi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(19):724

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A correlation between P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness with mechanical properties of travertine building stones     

Amin Jamshidi  Mohammad Reza Nikudel  Mashallah Khamehchiyan  Reza Zarei Sahamieh  Yasin Abdi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(10):568

As known, P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness are non-destructive tests, which have been used for many years in geological, geotechnical, and civil engineering as an index tests for a quick assessment of rocks mechanical properties due to its rapidity and easiness, and non-destructiveness. The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness with some of mechanical properties of travertine building stones by empirical equations. Moreover, we have compared the accuracy of P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness to estimate the mechanical properties of rocks. For this purpose, 15 types of travertine have been collected from various quarries of Iran and tested. The tests include the determination of P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness, and mechanical properties include the unconfined compressive strength, Brazilian tensile strength, and point load strength. Using data analysis, empirical equations have been developed for estimating the mechanical properties from P-wave velocity and Schmidt hardness. To check the validity of the empirical equations, a t test was performed, which confirmed the validity of the proposed empirical equations. Moreover, the results show that P-wave velocity appears to be more reliable than the Schmidt hardness for estimating the mechanical properties. Consequently, we propose empirical equations avoiding from cumbersome and time consuming tests for determining the mechanical properties of rocks.  相似文献   

Reservoir operation using system dynamics under climate change impacts: a case study of Yamchi reservoir,Iran     

Mahdi Zarghami  Mohammad Reza Fotookian  Nasim Safari  Aydin Aslanzadeh 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(16):678

This paper proposes a decision support system for Yamchi reservoir operation in semi-arid region of Iran. The paper consists of the following steps: Firstly, the potential impacts of climate change on the streamflow are predicted. The study then presents the projections of future changes in temperature and precipitation under A2 scenario using the LARS-WG downscaling model and under RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5 using the statistical downscaling model (SDSM) in the northwestern of Iran. To do so, a general circulation model of HadCM3 is downscaled by using the LARS-WG model. As a result, the average temperature, for the horizon 2030 (2011–2030), will increase by 0.77 °C and precipitation will decrease by 11 mm. Secondly, the downscaled variables are used as input to the artificial neural network to investigate the possible impact of climate change on the runoffs. Thirdly, the system dynamics model is employed to model different scenarios for reservoir operation using the Vensim software. System dynamics is an effective approach for understanding the behavior of complex systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the water shortage in different sectors (including agriculture, domestic, industry, and environmental users) will be enormously increased in the case of business-as-usual strategy. In this research, by providing innovative management strategies, including deficit irrigation, the vulnerability of reservoir operation is reduced. The methodology is evaluated by using different modeling tests which then motivates using the methodology for other arid/semi-arid regions.  相似文献