Geological Characteristics and Stability Evaluation of Wanjia Middle School Slope in Wenchuan Earthquake Area   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Tian-shun Hou  Xin-gang Wang  Sibel Pamukcu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(1):237-249

To investigate the formation mechanism and the stability of Wanjia middle school slope in Wenchuan Earthquake Area, the macroscopic geological characteristics and the failure process of the landslide are researched by engineering geology analysis method, limit equilibrium method, and finit element method. The results show that after the Wenchuan Earthquake, retaining walls, houses and other infrastructure on the foot of Wanjia middle school slope were severely destroyed, 10 cm wide tension fracture appeared at the trailing edge of the slope. Wanjia middle school slope is a type of medium-sized soil landslide. The area of the deformation body is about 19,314 m², the total volume of the deformation body is about 23 × 10⁴ m³. There may be two potential sliding surfaces in the unstable slope: shallow and deep landslide. The analysis results of the limit equilibrium method and the finite element method show that: under dead weight, dead weight + rainstorm, dead weight + earthquake conditions, the plastic zone occurs mainly at the middle part or the trailing edge of the slope, and it doesn’t fully cut through the deep landslide body, so the deep landslide is stable. However, under rainstorm or earthquake conditions, the plastic zone almost completely cut thorough the shallow landslide body, it shows that the shallow landslide is in the understable–basic stable state. It is found that the results of finite element method is concordant with the results of the limit equilibrium method (F _s = 1.06–1.29, the shallow landslide is in the basic stable–stable state). The calculation results show that shallow landslides are likely to occur in Wanjia middle school slope during a rainstorm or an earthquake, so monitoring and control of the slope should be strengthened. The shallow landslide should be managed by some measures, such as anti slide pile retaining structures and drainage works, and the dangerous rock bodies on the slope surface should be cleaned up.  相似文献   

Factors driving riverbed scouring and sedimentation in the Bayangaole to Toudaoguai reaches of the Upper Yellow River     

Suzhen Hou  Ping Wang  Yan Guo  Tian Hu 《地理学报(英文版)》2016,26(9):1305-1320

The Inner Mongolia reaches of the Yellow River face problems of severe sedimentation caused by a variety of complex factors. The sedimentation process in those reaches has been characterized using the sediment balance method, and the key factors affecting the process have been analyzed using the correlation analysis method. The results show that during the period 1952–2012 the Bayangaole (Bayan Gol) to Toudaoguai reaches in Inner Mongolia have undergone successive processes of accumulative sedimentation, then relative balance, and then accumulative sedimentation once again. The total annual sedimentation is 12.0341×10⁸ m³, of which accumulations from July to October account for 95.1% and the reaches from Sanhuhekou to Toudaoguai account for 98.5%. The main factor affecting scouring and sedimentation of the Bayangaole to Sanhuhekou reaches is the combined water and sediment condition. The critical conditions for equilibrium are an incoming sediment coefficient < 0.007 kg·s·m^–6 and a flow discharge > 700 m³·s^–1. The main factor affecting scouring and sedimentation of the Sanhuhekou to Toudaoguai reaches is the incoming sediment from the tributaries on the south bank and the combined water and sediment condition of the main stream. The critical conditions of the main stream for maintaining equilibrium status are a flow discharge of the main stream exceeding 800 m³·s^–1 and a comprehensive incoming sediment coefficient < 0.005 kg·s·m^–6. The incoming sediment from the tributaries has little impact on the main stream when the annual sediment load is less than 0.1×10⁸ t. The incoming sediment coefficient of the main stream and the incoming sediment from the tributaries both play vital roles in the riverbed evolution of the Inner Mongolia reaches, but the latter contributes the most.  相似文献   

Effect of stocking density on water quality and (Growth,Body Composition and Plasma Cortisol Content) performance of pen-reared rainbow trout (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oncorhynchus mykiss</Emphasis>)     

LIU Qun  HOU Zhishuai  WEN Haishen  LI Jifang  HE Feng  WANG Jinhuan  GUAN Biao  WANG Qinglong 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2016,15(4):667-675

The goal of the study was to examine the effect of stocking density on the water quality of culture area, as well as the growth, body composition and cortisol content of rainbow trout（Oncorhynchus mykiss）. Pen-reared trout were stocked in densities of 40, 60, 80 fish individuals m^-3(4.6, 6.6, 8.6 kg m^-3, SD1, SD2 and SD3 groups, respectively) for 300 days. Compared to the water from SD1 and SD2, that from SD3 exhibited significantly higher NH₄⁺-N content and COD（chemical-oxygen-demand）, and a significant reduction of dissolved oxygen in day 180(40.6 kg m^-3). Stocking density was significantly associated with body weight, standard length, VSI（viscerosomatic index）, CF（condition factor） and FC（food coefficient） in group SD3, particularly in day 240 and day 300(45 or 49.3 kg m^-3). Increased crude fat and decreased crude protein were displayed in high density group when the density reached to 36 kg m^-3. As a cumulative effect of density-related stress, VSI, CF, FC, moisture, and crude protein content varied over time in each density group（SD1, SD2, and SD3）. In summary, trout exhibited a better growth performance in low density(26.3 kg m^-3) than those reared in high densities(36 and 45 kg m^-3). The results indicate that rainbow trout（114.44 g ± 6.21 g, 19.69 cm ± 0.31 cm） initially stocked in 6.6 or 8.6 kg m^-3 should be lightened to less than 36 kg m^-3 after an intensive rearing for 240 days.  相似文献   

Effects of key components of <Emphasis Type="Italic">S. triqueter</Emphasis> root exudates on fractions and bioavailability of pyrene–lead co-contaminated soils     

Y. Hou  X. Liu  X. Zhang  X. Chen  K. Tao 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(3):887-896

The key components of S. triqueter root exudates involved 4-oxo-pentanoic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, phthalate acid, citric acid, vanillic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, decanoic acid, 14-methyl-pentadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid and oleic acid, and the content of the water-soluble organic acids (citric acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid) significantly increased in pyrene and lead co-contaminated rhizosphere soil. These three water-soluble organic acids including citric acid, succinic acid and glutaric acid were detected as the specific root exudates of S. triqueter under stress of pollutants for pyrene and lead, so they were chosen as the research objects, and they were added into the bioremediation systems of pyrene and lead co-contaminated wetland soils. Compared with the control, the treatments added the three organic acids always improved the quantity of the bioavailable fraction of pyrene and lead in wetland soils and greatly influenced other chemical states of pyrene and lead fractions in the test concentration range. Under the 50 g kg^?1 of organic acids concentration, the amount of the bioavailable fraction of pyrene and lead increased 41.0 and 872.7 % by citric acid, respectively. The enhancement of bioavailability of pyrene and lead in the wetland soil by adding organic acids generally decreased in the following order: citric acid > succinic acid > glutaric acid. Enhancing effects of organic acids on the bioavailability improvement of pyrene and lead is remarkable.  相似文献   

Feedstocks study on CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> mineralization technology     

Heping Xie  Liang Tang  Yufei Wang  Tao Liu  Zhengmeng Hou  Jinlong Wang  Tao Wang  Wen Jiang  Patrick Were 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(7):615

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Data integration in characterizing a fracture-cavity reservoir,Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin,China     

Yongqiang Li  Jiagen Hou  Xiaoqiang Ma 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2016,9(8):532

Fracture-cavity reservoirs can be described in terms of storage space, filling materials and distribution, however, characterizing these variables remains a challenge. In this study, a method was developed to characterize complex reservoirs by integrating outcrop, core, well log, and seismic data from the Tahe oilfield. Outcrop analogs were used to identify and qualitatively analyze the genesis of different reservoir spaces. Cores, well logs, and seismic data were used to identify different types of reservoir space in the subsurface, to describe the spatial distribution, and to establish the distribution pattern of fracture-cavity reservoirs. Clastic sediments, collapse breccia, and chemical fillings were described from the cores and used to assess porosity and permeability. On the basis of the results, a three-dimensional geological model was constructed incorporating a structural model, a reservoir space model, and a property model. Caves and fractures were the main storage spaces and seepage passages. The cave model was built using multi-point geostatistical simulation, while the fracture model was established using deterministic modeling combined with manual interpretations and ant-tracking technology.  相似文献   

Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Significance of Aoyougou Group Basalts in Western North Qilian     

Yixin Liu  Kexuan Hou  Xin Sha  Zhen Ma  Jinrong Wang 《地球科学进展》2018,33(2):189-205

The North Qilian orogenic belt is a typical plate suture zone, which is studded with numerous different sizes of fragments of micro-continental crust consisting of pre-Sinian metamorphic rocks and the North Qilian orogenic belt provides important study carrier for studying the pre-orogenic tectonic process of the North Qilian. The relatively complete volcanic-clastic-carbonate rocks formation of Zhulongguan Group, Changchengian System, Mesoproterozoic are distributed in the Kawa-Qiqing area, Western North Qilian orogenic belt. Geochemical characteristics of the Aoyougou Group basalts in the North Qilian indicated that the contents of major element were relatively stable, high K₂O contents(4.27%~6.07%), TFe₂O₃(10.49%~13.01%),TiO₂(1.96%~2.90%)and middle MgO(5.37%~6.71%,Mg^# 48~51), CaO(2.57%~5.51%)content. Thus, the Aoyougou Group basalts belong to potassium alkaline basalt. The contents of Cr and Ni of the basalts decreased with the decreasing of Mg^#, and there was a positive correlation between CaO and CaO/Al₂O₃, Furthermore, the Eu anomaly of samples was slightly negative, high contents of high field strength elements (HFSE, Nb, Ta, Ti), and the ratios of Gd/Yb(2.5~3.0), Zr/Y(8.6~10.2), Ta/Yb(0.96~1.23), Ti/Yb(5 074~6 021), Zr/Yb(81~97), Ce/Nb(1.87), Zr/Nb(6.41)indicated that the Aoyougou Group basalts had obvious OIB-type magmatic affinity. In combination with the regional geological background, the study results showed that Aoyougou Group alkaline basalt generated from deep enrichment mantle similar to the source of OIB, with fractional crystallization of olivine and monoclinic pyroxene and a certain degree of contamination of continental crust in the process of magmatism, formed in the background of continental rift, might response to the Proterozoic Columbia supercontinent rifting, which further provides important petrological evidences for the relationship between North China Craton rifting events and Columbia supercontinent rifting during Proterozoic.  相似文献   

山西长治盆地中更新世气候转型期环境变化特征     

李金秋  李向全  范保硕  王振兴  李月丛  刘林敬  侯新伟  张春潮 《地质学报》2021,95(11):3532-3543

中更新世气候转型(MPT)是第四纪环境变化的一个重要时期,该时期气候模式、气候周期等均发生了明显变化,然而不同区域对中更新世气候转型的响应特征存在明显差异.本研究选取了长治盆地XZK4钻孔中更新世转型前后(1.8～0.1 Ma)共207个样品,通过古地磁定年,运用粒度端元分析和孢粉分析,阐述了长治盆地中更新世转型期的环境变化与湖泊演化特征.结果显示,1.8 Ma以来,孢粉组合中乔木花粉含量多高于60％,但个别时段草本植物花粉占优,显示区域植被多数阶段为森林,但存在明显冷期,并且1.1 Ma和0.55 Ma是研究区环境转变的重要转折点.中更新世转型期前(～1.1 Ma):沉积物粒度总体较细,黏土含量多高于25％,EM1组分(湖相沉积)多高于60％,EM3(河流相组分)在个别时段出现,总体显示该阶段沉积物组成以湖相沉积为主,个别阶段受到河流影响大;中更新世转型时期(1.1～0.55 Ma):沉积物粒度较上一阶段更细,黏土含量(平均为30％)、EM1占比和孢粉浓度均达到研究段最高,沉积物颜色以棕灰色为主,EM3组分占比降至最低,其中1.1～0.95 Ma喜冷的云杉属花粉出现,显示该时期研究区气候总体偏冷湿,湖泊面积较1.1 Ma之前扩大;中更新世转型后(～0.55 Ma):沉积物粒度明显变粗,达到钻孔最高值,沉积物颜色变黄,EM2(风成组分)和EM3占主导,草本植物含量增加,尤其是喜干的蒿属花粉增加明显,表明气候较之前变干,沉积物类型以风力沉积为主,湖泊消亡.综合对比显示,构造运动是影响长治古湖消长的主要驱动力,气候变干加剧了湖泊消亡.  相似文献   

Rapid forecasting of urban flood inundation using multiple machine learning models     

Hou  Jingming  Zhou  Nie  Chen  Guangzhao  Huang  Miansong  Bai  Guangbi 《Natural Hazards》2021,108(2):2335-2356

Natural Hazards - Urban flood inundation is worsening as the number of short-duration rainstorms increases, and it is difficult to accurately predict urban flood inundation over a long lead time;...  相似文献   

Study on Monitoring Technology of Surrounding Rock in Deep Layered Roadway Based on Constant Resistance and Large Deformation Bolt     

Hou  Dinggui  Zheng  Xinyu  Fu  Xu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(5):3903-3916

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - The stability monitoring of surrounding rock in layered roadway is an important method to ensure the safety of deep mining coal mine. In view of the actual...  相似文献