扬子陆块西缘寒武系砂岩的物源分析：对古地理位置重建和构造背景的指示     

张英利  贾晓彤 《地质学报》2024,98(2):363-380

扬子陆块西缘寒武系主要为一套碎屑岩- 碳酸盐岩的岩石组合,前人研究多认为形成于相对稳定的克拉通盆地。但同时期出现的大陆岩浆作用显然与前期认定的克拉通盆地性质不符,需要借助扬子西缘的物质来源探讨构造背景。基于野外露头等资料,本文通过对扬子陆块西缘会泽和会东附近寒武系3件砂岩样品进行重矿物分析、电气石电子探针和碎屑锆石U- Pb测年分析,确定扬子西缘寒武纪沉积物的源区;并结合沉积序列等综合探讨扬子陆块西缘寒武纪的构造背景。沉积序列表明,扬子西缘寒武系沧浪铺组、西王庙组和二道水组主要由砂岩和白云岩等组成,沉积环境为滨岸—潮坪。细—粗砂岩碎屑颗粒为次棱角状—次圆状,分选较差;碎屑组分主要为石英,岩屑几乎全部为燧石,长石含量较少。测试分析结果表明：重矿物分析指示扬子西缘寒武系砂岩重矿物主要由锆石、赤—褐铁矿、电气石、钛铁矿、金红石、磷灰石等组成,重矿物组合指示岩浆岩为其主要母岩;电气石电子探针分析结果表明,物源主要来自于贫锂花岗岩和变砂岩、变泥岩;碎屑锆石测年分析表明物源区母岩主要为983~540 Ma岩浆岩。碎屑锆石年龄对比等综合分析表明,寒武系沉积物部分源自康滇古陆983~708 Ma的岩浆岩和变沉积岩,部分源自冈瓦纳大陆东非造山带663~540 Ma的岩石,物源区岩石经历再旋回产物作用。扬子西缘寒武系的沉积序列、碎屑锆石年龄谱图和碎屑组成等特征综合分析表明,扬子陆块西缘寒武系形成于前陆盆地。  相似文献   

柴达木盆地南八仙地区渐新世浅水三角洲物源及沉积演化     

易定红  石亚军  刘俊丰  刘应如  李积永  王爱萍  马元坤  李红哲  贾正良 《地质学报》2024,98(2):494-510

以古近系渐新统下干柴沟组上段(E23)为研究对象,在精细岩芯观察和钻(测)井资料综合分析的基础上,结合重矿物组合、ZTR指数、砂岩碎屑组分、粒度累积概率图和砂地比等参数综合分析结果,对柴达木盆地南八仙地区E23湖盆扩张期弱退积型浅水三角洲物源方向、砂体展布规律和沉积微相发育演化进行了深入研究。结果表明：① 南八仙地区E23沉积时期物源主要来自南祁连山中酸性岩浆岩和中高级变质岩发育区,物源方向为近北东—南西向,稳定重矿物(磁铁矿、石榴子石、白钛矿和锆石)含量高(质量分数介于81. 0%~99. 9%)、不稳定重矿物(绿帘石和角闪石)含量低。② 南八仙地区E23沉积时期为浅水三角洲—滨浅湖沉积环境,主要发育水下分流河道砂体,岩性主要为岩屑长石砂岩,其次为长石岩屑砂岩,砂体的成分成熟度一般中等—较差、分选磨圆度中等—较差,粒度概率图以反映河流作用的一跳跃一悬浮式为主;沉积构造类型多样,主要发育块状层理、正粒序层理、平行层理和槽状交错层理。③ E23沉积时期,南八仙地区继承性发育3条北东—南西向呈条带状展布的砂体富集带(砂地比值介于35%~65%之间),早期到中期砂体发育程度增强,呈进积式;中期到晚期砂体发育程度有所减弱,呈弱退积式。④ E23沉积时期,南八仙地区处于浅水三角洲前缘亚相沉积环境,持续发育3个呈北东—南西向展布的沉积朵叶体,主要发育水下分流河道微相,其次为水下分流间湾微相,早期到中期浅水三角洲前缘发育规模增大,中期到晚期发育规模减小。  相似文献   

波浪物理模型试验中风速比尺确定方法初探     

唐筱宁  夏运强  杨洪旗  贾友海 《海岸工程》2006,25(1):1-5

在波浪模型试验中研究风对构筑物的作用时,会涉及到风速比尺的确定问题。风对构筑物的作用力包括惯性力和粘滞力,这2种力的大小与建筑物的形态有关,对有的构筑物的作用力以惯性力为主,有的则以粘滞力为主。所以,在波浪物理模型试验中不能简单地采用重力相似准则也不能采用粘滞力相似准则来确定风速比尺。根据大量的试验研究结果,提出了采用不同模型比尺的船舶模型试验来确定风速比尺的方法,为波浪模型试验中风场模拟和数据处理提供了依据。  相似文献   

土壤中重金属有效态分析技术研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

贾双琳  李长安 《贵州地质》2021,38(1):79-84

土壤重金属有效态含量作为评价土壤污染程度的指标越来越被认可,为了更好地研究土壤中重金属有效态的分析测试方法,本文综述了近年来土壤中重金属有效态分析技术研究进展.重点阐述了单步提取法、连续提取法,对单步提取法中中性盐、络合剂、酸溶液三类提取剂、电感耦合等离子体等仪器分析方法进行综述.建立有效、准确的土壤中重金属有效态的测...  相似文献   

内含裂隙角的恐龙化石轴向受压数值试验及裂纹扩展机理研究          下载免费PDF全文

杜圣贤  陈军  于学峰  贾超  张尚坤  宋香锁  罗文强 《山东国土资源》2019,35(5)

面临众多古生物化石遭受风化破坏的现实,恐龙化石保护是一项世界性难题。化石的风化原因多种多样,其中化石内部裂隙是导致恐龙化石风化、破坏的重要因素。该文以岩石断裂力学为理论依据,模拟分析内含裂隙的恐龙化石在压力作用下的破坏情况。通过数值模拟的方法,进行了内含裂隙恐龙化石数值压缩试验,并对内含裂隙的恐龙化石裂纹扩展机理进行了研究。研究结果表明,随着裂隙角度增大,开裂角逐渐减小,裂隙处特别是两端应力集中,其他部位应力较低、分布均匀;裂纹扩展是从裂纹尖端起裂,最终裂纹扩展到边缘。此研究结果为揭示恐龙化石风化机理和开展保护提供了基础参考资料。  相似文献   

埋深对恐龙化石的影响效果研究          下载免费PDF全文

陈诚  贾超  张尚坤  杜圣贤  罗文强  田京祥 《山东国土资源》2019,35(5)

已发现的恐龙化石大多数埋藏在不同深度的地层中,不同埋深化石所受风化破坏程度不尽相同。为深入研究恐龙化石的风化机理,探究恐龙化石的保护措施和方法,重点分析埋深产生的侧向压力对恐龙化石强度和破坏特性的影响。通过有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,揭示埋深因素对恐龙化石保存的影响程度。试验结果表明:围岩对恐龙化石施加的侧向压力是影响恐龙化石变形和强度特性的一个重要因素。在弹性变形阶段,恐龙化石的初始强度、峰值强度随侧向压力的增大而不断增大。当应力超过了恐龙化石极限强度后进入塑性变形,其初始强度、峰值强度逐渐减小,最终达到残余强度。  相似文献   

Isolation of CYP17 Ⅰ, 3β-HSD and AR Genes from Spotted Sea Bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) Testis and Their Responses to Hormones and Salinity Stimulations     

CHI Meili  NI Meng  JIA Yongyi  GU Zhimin  WEN Haishen 《中国海洋大学学报(英文版)》2019,(2):420-430

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Base cation concentrations in forest litter and topsoil have different responses to climate and tree species along elevational gradients   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

XUE Feng  ZHAO Ming-fei  WANG Yu-hang  KANG Mu-yi  XING Kai-xiong  WANG Guo-yi  SHI Jing-jing  CHEN Chen  JIANG Yuan 《山地科学学报》2019,(1):30-42

The forest litter is an essential reservoir of nutrients in forests, supplying a large part of absorbable base cations(BC) to topsoil, and facilitating plant growth within litter-soil system. To characterize elevational patterns of base cation concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil, and explore the effects of climate and tree species, we measured microclimate and collected the forest litter and topsoil(0-10 cm) samples across an elevational range of more than 2000 m(1243 ～ 3316 m a.s.l.),and analyzed the concentrations of BC in laboratory. Results showed that: 1) litter Ca concentration displayed a hump-shaped pattern along the elevational gradients, but litter K and Mg showed saddle-shaped patterns. Soil Ca concentration increased with elevation, while soil K and Mg had no significant changes. 2) Ca concentration in the forest litter under aspen(Populus davidiana) was significantly higher than that in all other species, but in topsoil, Ca concentration was higher under coniferous larch and fir(Larix chinensis and Abies fargesii). Litter K and Mg concentrations was higher under coniferous larch and fir, whereas there were nosignificant differences among tree species in the concentrations of K and Mg in topsoil. 3) Climatic factors including mean annual temperature(MAT), growing season precipitation(GSP) and non-growing season precipitation(NGSP) determined BC concentrations in the forest litter and topsoil. Soil C/N and C/P also influenced BC cycling between litter and soil. Observation along elevations within different tree species implies that above-ground tree species can redistribute below-ground cations, and this process is profoundly impacted by climate. Litter and soil Ca, K and Mg with different responses to environmental variables depend on their soluble capacity and mobile ability.  相似文献   

Different provenance of separate loess sites in Yangtze River Basin and its paleoenvironmental implications     

ZHANG Zhi  JIA Yu-lian 《山地科学学报》2019,(7)

The dust deposits in the Yangtze River Basin(YRB) have been widely distributed along the Yangtze River valley. Previous studies mainly concentrated in its provenance of each loess site,however, the differences in provenance of loess among different sites in this area have rarely been studied. Here, the geochemical characteristics of the20 μm fraction in the loess in separate Jiujiang,Xuancheng and Nanjing sites were analyzed. The result shows that the loess in Jiujiang and Nanjing sites, near Yangtze River riverway, share similar geochemical characteristics that may commonly derived from the detrital materials of Yangtze River.However, both sites have significantly different elemental compositions compared with Xuancheng site, which is ～60 km away from the Yangtze River riverway. These sites share different geochemical characteristics with Eastern Qinling Mountains and Xifeng section on the Chinese Loess Plateau, North China. Combining the distribution of the aeolian sand hills and the loess in this area published by previous studies, we suggest that the exposed river valley floodplain caused by weak summer monsoon provided abundant materials to form local dust cells controlled by strong winter monsoon during the glacial periods. Therefore, those local loess deposits should be identified as the "valley-sourced loess".These reveal the inherent connection between the monsoon system and the loess deposits in Yangtze River Basin.  相似文献   

Consumption of Ecosystem Services in Laos     

LIANG Yihang  ZHEN Lin  JIA Mengmeng  HU Yunfeng  ZHANG Changshun  LUO Qi 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2019,10(6):641-648

The exponential increase of ecosystem utilization has instigated a serious conflict between ecosystem services and residents’ needs. The Belt and Road Initiative has greatly influenced Laotian production and living, and the scientific assessment of the consumption of ecosystem services in Laos is important for exploring residents’ influence on the ecosystem. Based on data for the Laotian consumption of agricultural products, fruits and livestock products during 1961-2013, normalized by either harvest index or feed conversion ratio, this study draws three main conclusions. 1) Ecosystem service consumption in Laos is centered on the consumption of farmland, forestry and grassland ecosystem services, which account for over 80%, over 10% and under 2%, showing downward, upward and constant trends, respectively. The consumption of these ecosystem services shows a trend of increasing first, then fluctuating, and finally increasing. 2) The consumption of ecosystem services in Laos was characterized by the mode of “dominance of consumption of the farmland ecosystem services” from 1961 to 2008, and the mode of “balanced development of consumption of farmland, forest and grassland ecosystem services” from 2008 to 2013, with a trend of transformation from the former into the latter. 3) The formation and change in the consumption mode of Laotian ecosystem services have been affected by both supply and trade. Laos developed agriculture mainly during the period from 1961 to 2008, forming the mode of “dominance of consumption of the farmland ecosystem services”. This development benefited from the enriched varieties of imports as well as the increased value of trade and import volume. However, the consumption of ecosystem services in Laos after 2008 changed from the mode of “dominance of consumption of the farmland ecosystem services” to one of “balanced development of consumption of farmland, forest and grassland ecosystem services”. This study provides an empirical reference for research on the consumption of ecosystem services.  相似文献