水资源空间优化配置的群智能算法改进与仿真     

侯景伟  吴建军 《地球信息科学学报》2015,17(4):431-437

本文尝试用群智能算法中的Pareto蚁群算法(PACA)求解复杂的水资源空间优化配置问题。首先,建立了以社会、经济和生态综合效益最大的目标函数,以水质、需水和供水为约束条件的水资源空间优化配置模型,并采用局部信息素强度限制,全局信息素动态更新等策略,对PACA进行改进,使蚂蚁向信息素浓度大的优化边界移动,以提高PACA的全局搜索能力和收敛速度。本文以河南省镇平县为仿真对象,借助RS和GIS,利用改进的PACA求解水资源空间优化配置模型,得到地表水、地下水、外调水的最优配置方案和最佳经济、社会、生态效益方案。通过对PACA性能指标的分析,以及对PACA改进前后解的寻优对比,表明了PACA经过改进后能有效地求解多目标、大规模的水资源空间优化配置模型,提高了寻优性能、收敛速度和全局搜索能力。  相似文献   

沙土内摩擦角与粒径、含水率及天然坡角的关系     

范智杰  屈建军  周焕 《中国沙漠》2015,35(2):301-305

沙的摩擦性质是影响沙丘形态的重要因素之一,研究沙土内摩擦角对于探讨床面沙波形态、沙丘流动性、沙丘稳定性、沙丘防护等都具有实际意义。本文实验研究了内摩擦角与粒径、含水率及天然坡角的定量关系。结果表明:当粒径从<0.125 mm增大到0.315～0.4 mm时,内摩擦角从32.25°减小到28.06°; 而粒径从0.315～0.4 mm增大到0.63～0.8 mm时,内摩擦角却从28.06°增大到31.47°。主要原因是,粒径小时颗粒的比表面积大,颗粒间接触面积大使得内摩擦角大。粒径大时,颗粒表面棱角突出,颗粒间嵌入咬合作用明显使得内摩擦角大。当含水率从0%增加到15%时,内摩擦角从29.07°增大到31.84°; 而含水率从15%增加到20%时,内摩擦角却从31.84°减小到30.75°。主要原因是一定含水率下沙土表现出黏聚性,而高含水率下水的润滑作用使得颗粒间摩擦力减小。内摩擦角与天然坡角都反映沙土摩擦特性,两者相等。  相似文献   

Effects of plant types on physico-chemical properties of reclaimed mining soil in Inner Mongolia,China     

Yao Fu  Changcun Lin  Jianjun Ma  Tingcheng Zhu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2010,20(4):309-317

A field experiment was conducted in Jungar Banner, Inner Mongolia, China to study the effects of plant types on the physical structure and chemical properties of open-cast mining soils reclaimed for 15 years, and to analyze the triggering factors of the soil formation. Results indicate that plant types affect soil-forming process especially in the upper layer (0–20 cm), and the spatial structure of reclaimed plant is the main reason for variability of the soil-forming process. In the upper soil layer at the site reclaimed with mixed plants, the concentrations of soil organic matter (SOM) and soil organic carbon (SOC) are the highest, and they were significantly higher at the sites reclaimed with Leymus chinensis, Caragana sinica, which is mainly due to a large amount of litter fall and root exudation in herbages and shrubs. However, the concentrations of SOM and SOC in the soils at the reclaimed sites are quite low comparing with those in local primary soil, which indicates the importance of using organic amendments during the ecological restoration in the study area.  相似文献   

内蒙古自治区阿拉善左旗腾格里工业园区供水水文地质详查数据集   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

侯建军  王宇  郑泉  蒙奎文  刘忠辉 《中国地质》2017,44(S1):88-95

2011年内蒙古自治区阿拉善左旗腾格里工业园区供水水文地质详查数据集是对内蒙古自治区地质调查院承担的“内蒙古自治区阿拉善左旗腾格里工业园区供水水文地质详查”项目提供的钻孔抽水试验成果（12个钻孔点）、地下水水化学成果（40个水样）、岩土样试验成果（102个岩土样）、地下水位统测（35个测试点）四组数据整理而得。其中,钻孔抽水试验成果数据主要包括水位埋深、静止水位标高、水位降深、涌水量、渗透系数、导水系数、矿化度等;地下水水化学成果数据主要包括游离CO₂、H₂SiO₃、溶解性固体、总硬度、总碱度、Ph值等;岩土样试验成果数据主要包括给水度、含盐量、颗粒组成等;地下水位统测主要包括取水层位、含水层顶底板埋深、水位埋深、水位标高、水利性质等内容。通过校核和验证,所有结果均在误差范围之内。对于地表水资源贫乏地区,围绕该地区对水资源的需求,以选择供水水源地为勘查目的,为科学合理的利用地下水资源提供依据,保证经济和生态环境的可持续发展。为了更好地利用这些数据,采用国内规范的数据处理方法和原则,对试验数据进行整理和质量控制。  相似文献   

酸雨对重庆武隆鸡尾山滑坡滑带页岩物理力学性质的影响          下载免费PDF全文

王正波  张明  陈建军  张晨阳 《水文地质工程地质》2017,(3):113-118

为了研究酸雨对重庆武隆鸡尾山滑坡滑带页岩物理力学性质的影响,在鸡尾山滑坡滑源区滑面向下游延伸处取样,制成粉末和块体试样,在实验室内使用pH为3的稀盐酸溶液浸泡,测试其物质成分的变化。结果显示:页岩与稀盐酸溶液作用的过程中有较为明显的钙质出溶现象,这一反应在粉末中发生的速率更快。测试从鸡尾山滑坡坡脚流出的泉水的离子成分,结果显示相对于酸雨,泉水中钙离子浓度显著增高,进一步证实滑带在酸雨作用下钙质出溶现象较为显著。钙质页岩中方解石成分的溶出,导致滑带强度减小。  相似文献   

Oxidation and Mineralization of Mn2+ Ions Mediated by Pseudomonas putida: Insights from an Experimental Study     

CHEN Xiaoye  LU Xiancai  LIU Huan  LI Juan  XIANG Wanli  ZHANG Rui  LU Jianjun 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(4):1276-1285

The formation of manganese oxides in nature is commonly mediated by microorganisms.In this study,the mineralization of biogenic manganese oxidation mediated by Pseudomanas putida has been experimentally investigated by employing various characterization techniques,including SEM,FESEM,TEM,XRD,and STXM-NEXAFS.The results indicate that Mn~(2+) ions can be oxidized into Mn(Ⅳ) minerals(birnessite and pyrolusite) and Mn(Ⅲ) minerals(hausmannite and feitknechtite),successively.The primary products(birnessite and pyrolusite) further transformed into hausmannite and feitknechtite under Mn~(2+) ion-enriched conditions.However,birnessite and pyrolusite are the endproducts of the continuous microbial oxidation processes.These biogenic Mn oxides are poorly crystallized,which provides them with a high potential for usage in environmental restoration of contaminated soils and waters contaminated with heavy metals.The approaches employed in this study will also enrich genesis research of biological oxidation of Mn(Ⅱ) species in nature.  相似文献   

汉南杂岩余家山铜镍矿成矿时代与岩浆源区性质研究——来自锆石U-Pb测年和Lu-Hf同位素的制约     

郑光高  崔建军  刘晓春  乔建新  曲玮  陈龙耀  李淼  赵文平  李东东 《地质力学学报》2017,23(5):661-672

汉南杂岩余家山铜镍矿位于望江山基性岩体的西南部,地处扬子克拉通北缘西端。矿区内出露的岩体成岩成矿时代和源区性质不明,从而影响了对本矿床成因的认识。本文分析了矿区内出露的典型含矿岩体和围岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代学和原位Lu-Hf同位素数据,结果表明其成矿时代接近或稍晚于约(791±4)Ma,成岩时代约为(808±7)Ma。且含矿岩体的εHf(t)值在+9.5~+10.9之间,平均值为+10.7,一阶段Hf模式年龄为924~974 Ma;围岩的εHf(t)值在+8.7~+11.1之间,平均值为+9.9,一阶段Hf模式年龄为927~1018 Ma。结合前人研究成果表明,余家山铜镍矿基性岩体由中元古代晚期至新元古代早期亏损地幔物质部分熔融生成,可能形成于活动大陆边缘环境。  相似文献   

基于DOA估计的阵列式探地雷达逆向投影目标成像方法     

曾昭发  李文奔  习建军  黄玲  王者江 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2017,47(4)

本文针对阵列式天线探地雷达系统的目标成像问题,理论模拟分析了最小二乘(LS)估计、Capon估计、幅度相位估计(APES)三种波束形成算法在目标回波到达角(direction of arrival,DOA)估计上的效果和精度,提出了基于DOA估计的阵列式探地雷达逆向投影目标成像方法。该方法综合利用多输入多输出(MIMO)阵列信号估计得到的目标回波信号DOA和阵列空间观测信息对目标体进行成像,通过成像点空间扫描对各测点估计DOA幅度值在成像点的加权积分进行目标定位及反射强度估计。该方法实现简单高效,可以广泛应用于地下简单目标体的快速成像。  相似文献   

A method for prevent water inrush from karst collapse column: a case study from Sima mine,China     

Hao Li  Haibo Bai  Jianjun Wu  Huiming Zhao  Kai Ma 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(14):493

Mining-induced groundwater inrush could result in serious economic losses and casualties. This disaster usually depends on geological structure, such as the karst collapse column (KCC). It could reduce the aquifuge thickness, causing a great risk of water bursting. In order to assess the impact of mining on the KCC, we have developed a complete set of methods, including three-dimensional seismic exploration, connectivity experiment, water injection experiment in two sidewalls, numerical simulation based on Drucker–Prager (D–P) elastoplastic damage theory. This method is used to test the size, type and the damage thickness of the KCC named DX1 in Sima mine, and the results indicate that the type of DX1 is good cementation. In addition, under the influence of the shear stress at the coal wall and the unloading at the goaf, a significant compressive damage zone with a large damage thickness will form at the sidewall of the KCC. As the roof collapses, the backfill is compacted and the maximum damage thickness gradually moves to the other side of the KCC. Eventually, an asymmetric inverted saddle-shaped damage distribution is formed with a maximum compression damage depth of 32.5 m. The results provide a basis for preventing water inrush from KCC.  相似文献   

High-precision acoustic modeling with second-order staggered difference     

Zengli Du  Jianjun Liu  Jinping Liu  Feng Xu  Yongzhang Li 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2017,10(21):473

Since the precision of spatial derivative of wavefield calculated by staggered difference is superior to that by central difference, the formula of second-order staggered differential coefficient with 2N-order precision is constructed via mathematical deduction on combination of first-order differential coefficient on each grid point, and its validity is verified by numerical simulation in constant velocity media. With the staggered mesh, the maximum peak frequency of Ricker wavelet which does not generate numerical dispersion may be increased by 10–15 Hz, thus the vertical resolution of simulated seismograms may be enhanced. In order to eliminate the boundary reflection which is characterized as high frequency, the absorbing boundary condition of perfectly matched layer with staggered mesh is utilized in numerical simulation of scalar-wave equation, and the suppression effect is superior to that of the central difference. The precision of simulated records may be improved when staggered mesh is adopted in calculation of the second-order spatial derivative, and the ringing phenomena appeared before the first break may be avoided. The computational cost of second-order staggered difference increased by only 25% on 3.60 GHz Intel Core i7–4790 processor when the precision of simulated records is same as that simulated by second-order central difference.  相似文献