顾及植被的复杂艰险地区多光谱遥感岩性识别     

潘建平  涂文丽  邓福江  蒲艺  徐永杰  李明明 《测绘科学》2021,46(8):120-126

针对复杂艰险地区修建道路时,地质岩性难以现场获取的问题,该文利用ASTER多光谱遥感影像,研究和设计了一种顾及植被覆盖的复杂艰险地区多光谱遥感岩性信息识别提取方法.该方法根据植被覆盖情况先分类后进行岩性识别:对中高植被覆盖区进行植被信息的抑制处理,再对中低植被覆盖区采用主成分分析法进行岩性信息提取;对低植被地表裸露区域采用端元提取、光谱角填图的方法进行岩性信息的提取.最后将岩性识别提取结果与现场地勘结果进行对比验证.结果表明该方法进行岩性信息提取结果与已有的现场勘察结果基本一致,具有重要的参考和应用价值.  相似文献   

内蒙古扎拉格阿木铜矿成矿流体与成矿机制     

车东  王建平  吴起鑫  张照志  邢恩袁  沈存利  杨文海  郭海蛟 《地质学报》2023,97(8):2575-2592

扎拉格阿木铜矿床位于锡林浩特地块北部边缘,矿体赋存于二叠纪砂质板岩和角砾岩中,受NE向断裂控制,为中温热液脉型铜矿床。本文通过流体包裹体和C?H?O?S?Pb同位素地球化学研究手段,来探讨扎拉格阿木铜矿成矿机制。成矿热液期存在5个成矿阶段：钾长石阶段、石英?绢云母阶段、石英?黄铁矿阶段、石英?多金属硫化物阶段、石英?方解石阶段。其中石英?多金属硫化物阶段为主成矿阶段,本阶段主要发育富液相、富气相、含子矿物包裹体;富液相包裹体均一温度与盐度分别为：138～289℃和2.06%～16.11% NaCl eqv;含子矿物包裹体均一温度与盐度分别为：320～374℃和32.68%～39.81% NaCl eqv,包裹体气体成分除少量CO2以外,均为H2O。H?O同位素分析表现为,石英中的〖δO〗^18值变化范围－8.5‰～7.5‰,流体的δD值变化范围为－116‰～－98‰,暗示早阶段成矿流体主要为岩浆热液,晚期伴有大气降水混入。C?O同位素分析表明,δ13C值为-6.9‰~ -10.1‰,δ18OSMOW介于2.5‰~11.7‰,在δ18O?δ13C 图上数据点落在岩浆水与大气水的中间区域。矿石硫化物的δ34S值介于-4.5‰~1.5‰,指示具有幔源岩浆硫的特征。矿石硫化物Pb同位素的208Pb/204Pb、207Pb/204Pb和206Pb/204Pb比值分别为38.034~38.609、15.497~15.655和18.141~18.446,推测Pb具有地幔来源的特点并伴有地壳或造山带Pb混入。成矿过程中伴随着流体沸腾作用,成矿物质沉淀受早期形成的岩浆热液与后加入大气降水混合的影响。  相似文献   

华东地区月平均气温统计降尺度方法比较   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

高红霞  汤剑平 《气象科学》2015,35(6):760-768

用中国地面气象观测站的逐日气温观测资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,分别使用基于多元线性回归(MLR)和3种主成分分析(PCA)的统计降尺度方法,对1959-2008年的华东地区的月平均气温分两个时段进行统计降尺度分析并加以检验,比较了不同降尺度方法的结果。结果表明:对于华东地区气温的统计降尺度预报,基于MLR的统计降尺度方法相对于3种PCA方法而言,对单站年际变化模拟方面有一定优势。PCA方法应用于统计降尺度时,预报因子的区域选择是影响统计降尺度结果的重要因素之一。对于温度进行统计降尺度分析时,预报因子中包含温度因子是非常必要的;所试验的4种降尺度方法,对各站点多年平均情况的模拟要好于对区域平均的年际变化的模拟。  相似文献   

A multi-proxy reconstruction of spatial and temporal variations in Asian summer temperatures over the last millennium   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Feng?Shi  Quansheng?GeEmail author  Bao?Yang  Jianping?Li  Fengmei?Yang  Fredrik?Charpentier?Ljungqvist  Olga?Solomina  Takeshi?Nakatsuka  Ninglian?Wang  Sen?Zhao  Chenxi?Xu  Keyan?Fang  Masaki?Sano  Guoqiang?Chu  Zexin?Fan  Narayan?P.?Gaire  Muhammad?Usama?Zafar 《Climatic change》2015,131(4):663-676

To investigate climate variability in Asia during the last millennium, the spatial and temporal evolution of summer (June–July–August; JJA) temperature in eastern and south-central Asia is reconstructed using multi-proxy records and the regularized expectation maximization (RegEM) algorithm with truncated total least squares (TTLS), under a point-by-point regression (PPR) framework. The temperature index reconstructions show that the late 20th century was the warmest period in Asia over the past millennium. The temperature field reconstructions illustrate that temperatures in central, eastern, and southern China during the 11th and 13th centuries, and in western Asia during the 12th century, were significantly higher than those in other regions, and comparable to levels in the 20th century. Except for the most recent warming, all identified warm events showed distinct regional expressions and none were uniform over the entire reconstruction area. The main finding of the study is that spatial temperature patterns have, on centennial time-scales, varied greatly over the last millennium. Moreover, seven climate model simulations, from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5), over the same region of Asia, are all consistent with the temperature index reconstruction at the 99 % confidence level. Only spatial temperature patterns extracted as the first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) from the GISS-E2-R and MPI-ESM-P model simulations are significant and consistent with the temperature field reconstruction over the past millennium in Asia at the 90 % confidence level. This indicates that both the reconstruction and the simulations depict the temporal climate variability well over the past millennium. However, the spatial simulation or reconstruction capability of climate variability over the past millennium could be still limited. For reconstruction, some grid points do not pass validation tests and reveal the need for more proxies with high temporal resolution, accurate dating, and sensitive temperature signals, especially in central Asia and before AD 1400.  相似文献   

Simulation of the equatorially asymmetric mode of the Hadley circulation in CMIP5 models     

Juan Feng  Jianping Li  Jianlei Zhu  Fei Li  Cheng Sun 《大气科学进展》2015,32(8):1129-1142

The tropical Hadley circulation (HC) plays an important role in influencing the climate in the tropics and extra-tropics. The realism of the climatological characteristics, spatial structure, and temporal evolution of the long-term variation of the principal mode of the annual mean HC (i.e., the equatorially asymmetric mode, EAM) was examined in model simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). The results showed that all the models are moderately successful in capturing the HC's climatological features, including the spatial pattern, meridional extent, and intensity, but not the spatial or temporal variation of the EAM. The possible reasons for the poor simulation of the long-term variability of the EAM were explored. None of the models can successfully capture the differences in the warming rate between the tropical Southern Hemisphere (SH) and Northern Hemisphere (NH), which is considered to be an important driver for the variation of the AM. Most of the models produce a faster warming in the NH than in the SH, which is the reverse of the observed trend. This leads to a reversed trend in the meridional gradient between the SH and NH, and contributes to the poor simulation of EAM variability. Thus, this aspect of the models should be improved to provide better simulations of the variability of the HC. This study suggests a possible reason for the poor simulation of the HC, which may be helpful for improving the skill of the CMIP5 models in the future.  相似文献   

A delayed oscillator model for the quasi-periodic multidecadal variability of the NAO   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Cheng Sun  Jianping Li  Fei-Fei Jin 《Climate Dynamics》2015,45(7-8):2083-2099

  相似文献   

瑶岭钨矿白基寨花岗岩地质特征及成矿意义   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

李社宏  李文铅  丁玉进  刘建平  梁前勇  曹志明 《大地构造与成矿学》2010,34(1)

通过地质填图、钻探、土壤地球化学、磁法测量和岩石地球化学等手段,揭露了白基寨花岗岩的空间架构和地质特征,并分析了花岗岩的地球化学特征。该岩体具有高分异性(SiO270%,δEu在0.03～0.09之间),高K2O,且K2O/Na2O1等特征。Ba、Nb、P和Ti相对亏损,Rb、Ta、Th和K等大离子亲石元素富集,稀土元素四分组效应明显,呈海鸥"V"型。花岗岩源岩为泥质岩和硬砂岩混合而成,形成于同碰撞环境。岩体具有边部倾角小,高挥发份元素向上运移明显、强烈流体、熔体相互作用等有利成矿条件特点,在岩体边部成矿流体与碳酸岩盐相互作用形成白钨矿化体。矿区中部凹勺状区域和ZK3002-ZK3001段是找矽卡岩型白钨矿的有利潜在区域。  相似文献   

安徽南部桃冲地区铁矿床控矿构造分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

王彪  王核  任广利  刘建平  赵玲 《大地构造与成矿学》2010,34(3)

通过对桃冲地区典型铁矿床的赋存环境及构造特征的研究和控矿因素分析,认为红花山背斜两翼的铁矿体产于背斜的层间断裂带中的次级褶曲内,受"碳酸盐岩地层+次级褶曲+层间断裂带"三个控矿因素的制约,环滨江岩体的铁矿床受厚层状矽卡岩接触带的制约。综合桃冲地区控矿因素的特点,提出了找矿有利部位。  相似文献   

大气折射指数的结构参数与北方5～9月降雨的强相关现象     

涂钢  支克广  支平  付光极  王建平 《地球科学进展》2010,25(11):1291-1295

基于中荷合作项目"建立关于荒漠化和粮食保障的中国能量与水平衡监测系统"(CEWBMS),在国家卫星气象中心和国家林业总局的支持下,乾安大孔径闪烁仪于1999年10月安装并正式运行.利用2000-2005年5～9月大孔径闪烁仪(LAS)观测的大气折射指数的结构参数Cn2,采用独立性检验,证实了Cn2的高低与未来32h是否出现降雨(晴雨)存在显著相关关系.结合乾安气象站的有关气象观测数据,初步选择Cn2白天值以及夜间值以Cn2的24 h变量作为预报依据,建立基于Cn2预报未来32h晴雨的预报流程;并利用2006年Cn2的观测数据,依照预报流程对2006年进行了回报预报试验,正确率为42/47.  相似文献   

沁水盆地南部柿庄南区块煤层气地质特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孙强  孙建平  张健  侯岩波 《中国煤炭地质》2010,(6):9-12

以国家科技重大专项《山西沁水盆地南部煤层气直井开发示范工程》成果为依据,以以往的地质勘查及研究成果为参考,对沁水盆地南部柿庄南区块煤层气地质特征进行分析。分析认为南部柿庄南区块构造简单,煤变质程度高、煤层厚度大、埋深适中而且分布稳定,有利于煤层气生成,煤层吸附能力较强,储层渗透率较好,煤层气保存条件好,是沁南煤层气勘探开发最有利区块之一。开发利用该区块煤层气资源,可有效改善地区能源结构、加快区域经济发展,降低后期煤炭开发风险,具有非常可观的社会及经济效益。  相似文献