Accuracy and precision of fish-count data from a "dual-frequency identification sonar" (DIDSON) imaging system     

Holmes  John A.; Cronkite  George M.W.; Enzenhofer  Hermann J.; Mulligan  Timothy J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2006,63(3):543-555

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Composition and Useful Properties of Tailings of Marine Manganese Nodules and Crusts     

Zhimin Bai  John C. Wiltshire 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2005,23(1):13-24

Marine manganese nodules and crusts, when processed, yield tailings which may be utilized for environmental and economic benefit. The key to the reasonable and effective utilization of these tailings lies in making a systematic appraisal of their composition and properties. This article gives an introduction to the investigation of manganese tailings properties. The tailings have a high iron and/or manganese content, high surface area, high porosity, and fine grain size. Some tailings have a high rare earth element content which is valuable. They may also have high SO₃, arsenic, and uranium contents which are harmful. Depending on the process used to produce the tailings, there will likely be some differences in chemical composition, mineral assemblages, surface area and adsorption capability, pore diameter and volume, density and pH. In assigning potentially beneficial applications for these tailings, these differences should be taken into account to optimize utilization.  相似文献   

Seagrasses: Biology, Ecology and Conservation     

John Ogden 《Marine Ecology》2006,27(4):431-432

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The western Pacific brachyuran (Hemigrapsus sanguineus: Grapsidae), in its new habitat along the Atlantic coast of the United States: geographic distribution and ecology     

McDermott  John J. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》1998,55(2):289-298

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Chlorinated hydrocarbons in seawater: Analytical method and levels in the northeastern Pacific     

Edward D. Scura  Vance E. McClure   《Marine Chemistry》1975,3(4):337-346

A method is described for analyzing nanogram quantities of chlorinated hydrocarbons from 1-1 samples of seawater. Seawater samples are pumped through a copper column containing a mixture by weight of 5% activated carbon powder, 10% MgO and 85% refined diatomaceous earth. The chlorinated hydrocarbons in the seawater are adsorbed or trapped on the column and subsequently eluted with 30% benzene in acetone (v/v) for analysis by gas-liquid chromatography.This procedure was used to analyze chlorinated hydrocarbon levels in samples collected off the southern California coast. We suggest that anthropogenic chlorinated hydrocarbons can be used for the investigation of large-scale ocean currents and mixing processes.  相似文献   

Reflection of surface waves by submerged cylinders     

John Grue  Enok Palm 《Applied Ocean Research》1984,6(1):54-60

Reflection from submerged cylinders are studied by means of integral equations. By expressing the solution as a distribution of vortices, the integral equations become non-singular for closed contours. It is shown that the method gives a short and easy proof for the classical result that no reflection occurs for the circular cylinder. The reflection power for the elliptic contour and the flat plate are studied when the bodies are situated deeply below the surface.  相似文献   

Comparative tolerance of two estuarine annelids to fluoranthene under normoxic and moderately hypoxic conditions     

Weinstein JE  Sanger DM 《Marine environmental research》2003,56(5):637-648

The tolerance of the oligochaete Monopylephorus rubroniveus and the polychaete Streblospio benedicti to sediment-associated fluoranthene was characterized under normoxic (>80% dissolved oxygen saturation) and moderately hypoxic ( approximately 50% dissolved oxygen saturation) conditions. Under both conditions, M. rubroniveus was highly tolerant of fluoranthene. Streblospio benedicti was considerably less tolerant of fluoranthene compared with M. rubroniveus. In addition, S. benedicti was less tolerant to fluoranthene under moderately hypoxic conditions, although no differences in sensitivity between the two oxygen conditions were observed based upon median lethal tissue residues. Bioaccumulation factors were higher for S. benedicti exposed to moderate hypoxia, suggesting that behavioral adaptations to compensate for the lower dissolved oxygen increased its bioaccumulation of fluoranthene. The results of the present laboratory study demonstrate that (1). changes in annelid tolerance to fluoranthene under varying oxygen conditions is a species-dependent phenomenon and (2). the differential tolerance of these two annelids to these combined stressors is consistent with their relative abundances in the field.  相似文献   

Influence of seismic shooting on the lesser sandeel (Ammodytes marinus)     

Hassel  Arne; Knutsen  Tor; Dalen  John; Skaar  Kristian; Lokkeborg  Svein; Misund  Ole Arve; Ostensen  Oivind; Fonn  Merete; Haugland  Eli Kyrkjebo 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2004,61(7):1165-1173

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The Ah receptor in marine animals: phylogenetic distribution and relationship to cytochrome P4501A inducibility     

Mark E. Hahn  Alan Poland  Ed Glover  John J. Stegeman 《Marine environmental research》1992,34(1-4)

In mammals, the induction of cytochrome P4501A forms by chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, chlorinated dibenzofurans, and halogenated biphenyls is under control of a soluble protein known as the Ah (aromatic hydrocarbon) receptor. Little is known about the presence and properties of the Ah receptor in other vertebrate and invertebrate species. In these studies, we sought evidence for an Ah receptor in the liver or liver-equivalent of 20 species of marine and freshwater animals, using the photoaffinity ligand 2-azido-3-[¹²⁵I] iodo-7,8-dibromodibenzo-p-dioxin (N₃[¹²⁵I]Br₂DD). Specific labeling of cytosolic proteins by N₃[¹²⁵I]Br₂DD was observed in seven species of teleost and elasmobranch fish, in PLHC-I fish hepatoma cells, and in beluga whales. No specifically labeled proteins were found in cytosol from two species of agnathan fish nor in any of nine invertebrate species representing eight classes of four phyla. The presence or absence of specifically labeled polypeptides corresponds with the inducibility of cytochrome P4501A and sensitivity to the toxic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and related planar halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons in many of these groups. Thus, Ah receptor function may have arisen early invertebrate evolution and has been conserved from elasmobranch and teleost fish to mammals.  相似文献   

The metabolism and disposition of 17β-estradiol in english sole exposed to a contaminated sediment extract     

John E. Stein  Tom Hom  Herb Sanborn  Usha Varanasi 《Marine environmental research》1988,24(1-4)

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