Environmental impact of Gümüşhane City,Turkey, waste area in terms of heavy metal pollution     

Alaaddin Vural  Ali Gundogdu  Ibrahim Akpinar  Cemalettin Baltaci 《Natural Hazards》2017,87(2):867-883

China has become the biggest CO₂ emitter in the world. In China, economic development in different regions is not the same. Thus, it is necessary to study the regional decoupling relationship between energy-related CO₂ emission and economic development. Considering the regional difference of economic development, energy consumption and CO₂ emission, provincial regions in China are divided into seven economic bands. The Tapio decoupling method is adopted to calculate the decoupling index in the seven regions over the study period 1996–2013. Furthermore, the WCDM is developed to study the driving factors governing the decoupling state. The result showed that decoupling development differed in each economic band; North-East and North-West, showed a better trend and a worse one, respectively, than the others. Economic factor showed a stable trend of negative effect, and energy intensity factor was the crucial factor to accelerate the process of CO₂ emission decoupling. Only in Yangtze River delta, economic band had structural factor shown a positive effect during the research period, and emission efficiency factor was not stable and showed a negative effect in most years in every region.  相似文献   

Decrease in the clear air transmission at Helwan Observatory site     

J. S. Mikhail  B. B. Baghos  M. Y. Tawadrous  Y. E. Helali  H. Awad  KH. I. Khalil  M. El-Saftawe  M. Ibrahim 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1995,70(1-3):143-149

Clear air atmospheric transparency of eight nights at Helwan Observatory site during autumn period of 1987 have been determined using the yellow filter GG5. The prevailing atmospheric transmission extends to 58%. A comparison with previous values obtained with the same filter and site during autumn period of 1963 shows a considerable decrease at the present years in the clear air transmission of the site of Helwan. This can be attributed to the aerosol pollution of the site caused mainly by the increase of the industrial centers at Helwan Zone. Clear air atmospheric transparency values at the beginning of winter season and at spring season are also given.  相似文献   

Interpretation of magnetic anomalies of dikes using correlation factors   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ibrahim Kara  Mustafa Özdemir  F. Ahmet Yüksel 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1996,147(4):777-788

The magnetic anomaly due to a buried dike consists of the sum of two easily separated elementary functions. These functions, which have simple symmetry, are called even and odd functions. The correlation factors (r _0,1 for the even andr _0,2 for the odd function) between least-squares residual anomalies from even and odd functions are computed. Correlation values are used to determine the depth to the top and the half-width of the dike. The method also includes the determination of the index parameter and the amplitude coefficient. The validity of the method is tested against a theoretical and a field example where the parameters of the latter were determined by other investigators in comparing the results.  相似文献   

Lunar electric fields,surface Potential and Associated Plasma Sheaths   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. W. Freeman  M. Ibrahim 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1975,14(1):103-114

This paper reviews the electric field environment of the Moon. Lunar surface electric potentials are reported as follows: Solar Wind - Dayside: ø_o + 10 to + 18 V Solar Wind - Terminator: ø_o ç ? 10 to ? 100 V Electron and ion densities in the plasma sheath adjacent to each surface potential regime are evaluated and the corresponding Debye length estimated. The electric fields are then approximated by the surface potential over the Debye length. The results are: Solar Wind - Dayside: E_o ? 10 V m^?1 outward Solar Wind - Terminator: E_o ç 1 to 10 V m^?1 inward These fields are all at least 3 orders of magnitude higher than the pervasive solar wind electric field; however they are confined to within a few tens of meters of the lunar surface.  相似文献   

Lands at risk in the third world: local level perspectives     

Fouad Ibrahim 《GeoJournal》1986,12(2):220-220

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Geospatial susceptibility mapping of earthquake-induced landslides in Nuweiba area,Gulf of Aqaba,Egypt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sara Abuzied  Samia Ibrahim  Mona Kaiser  Tarek Saleem 《山地科学学报》2016,13(7):1286-1303

Earthquake induced landslides are one of the most severe geo-environmental hazards that cause enormous damage to infrastructure, property, and loss of life in Nuweiba area. This study developed a model for mapping the earthquake-induced landslide susceptibility in Nuweiba area in Egypt with considerations of geological, geomorphological, topographical, and seismological factors. An integrated approach of remote sensing and GIS technologies were applied for that target. Several data sources including Terra SAR-X and SPOT 5 satellite imagery, topographic maps, field data, and other geospatial resources were used to model landslide susceptibility. These data were used specifically to produce important thematic layers contributing to landslide occurrences in the region. A rating scheme was developed to assign ranks for the thematic layers and weights for their classes based on their contribution in landslide susceptibility. The ranks and weights were defined based on the knowledge from field survey and authors experiences related to the study area. The landslide susceptibility map delineates the hazard zones to three relative classes of susceptibility: high, moderate, and low. Therefore, the current approach provides a way to assess landslide hazards and serves for geo-hazard planning and prediction in Nuweiba area.  相似文献   

Petrochemical and Tectonogenesis of Granitoids in the Wuyo-Gubrunde Horst,Northeastern Nigeria: Implication for Uranium Enrichment     

Anthony Temidayo Bolarinwa  Saleh Ibrahim Bute 《Natural Resources Research》2016,25(2):197-210

The Wuyo-Gubrunde Horst in the northeastern Nigeria consists of migmatite gneiss, unaltered, altered, and sheared porphyritic granites, pegmatites, aplites, basalts, and sandstone. Uranium has been reported in rhyolite, sheared rocks, and sandstone within the area. The petrogenesis of the granitoids and associated rocks in the area was evaluated in the light of new geochemical data, which showed that the U content of altered porphyritic granite is highest and hydrothermal-related. The granitoids are metaluminous, sub-alkaline, and S-type granite, and have evolved by partial melting of crustal material emplaced at moderate depth of 20–30 km in a syn-to late-collisional within-plate tectonic setting. The negative Eu/Eu* anomaly and high (La/Yb)_N ratio of the granitoids indicate magma fractionation. The low SiO₂ (<53%) and high Fe₂O₃ (10%) of the altered porphyritic granite compared to other similar rock units suggest pervasive alteration. The associated basalts are tholeiitic, emplaced within continental plate tectonic setting, and enriched in Ni, V, Nb, Sr, and light rare earth elements, and they have SiO₂, Fe₂O₃, V, Th, and Co contents that are similar to those of the altered porphyritic granites. The U occurrence in the Wuyo-Gubrunde Horst is believed to be sourced from the adjoining Bima sandstone in the Benue Trough, which locally contains carbonaceous zones with anomalously high concentrations of U. The Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ redox fronts formed by alteration of the iron-rich basalts provided the requisite geochemical barrier for U-bearing hydrothermal fluid, causing enrichment of U leached and mobilized from the sandstone through fractures in the rocks.  相似文献   

Prevailing trends of climatic extremes across Indus-Delta of Sindh-Pakistan   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Farhat?AbbasEmail author  Iqra?Rehman  Muhammad?Adrees  Muhammad?Ibrahim  Farhan?Saleem  Shafaqat?Ali  Muhammad?Rizwan  Muhammad?Raza?Salik 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,131(3-4):1101-1117

This study examines the variability and change in the patterns of climatic extremes experienced in Indus-Delta of Sindh province of Pakistan, comprising regions of Karachi, Badin, Mohenjodaro, and Rohri. The homogenized daily minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation data for a 36-year period were used to calculate 13 and 11 indices of temperature and precipitation extremes with the help of RClimDex, a program written in the statistical software package R. A non-parametric Mann–Kendall test and Sen’s slope estimates were used to determine the statistical significance and magnitude of the calculated trend. Temperatures of summer days and tropical nights increased in the region with overall significant warming trends for monthly maximum temperature as well as for warm days and nights reflecting dry conditions in the study area. The warm extremes and nighttime temperature indices showed greater trends than cold extremes and daytime indices depicting an overall warming trends in the Delta. Historic decrease in the acreage of major crops and over 33% decrease in agriculture credit for Sindh are the indicators of adverse impacts of warmer and drier weather on Sindh agriculture. Trends reported for Karachi and Badin are expected to decrease rice cultivation, hatching of fisheries, and mangroves forest surrounding these cities. Increase in the prevailing temperature trends will lead to increasingly hotter and drier summers resulting to constraints on cotton, wheat, and rice yield in Rohri and Mohenjodaro areas due to increased crop water requirements that may be met with additional groundwater pumping; nonetheless, the depleted groundwater resources would have a direct impact on the region’s economy.  相似文献   

Biochar effects on metal bioaccumulation and arsenic speciation in alfalfa (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Medicago sativa L</Emphasis>.) grown in contaminated soil     

M. Ibrahim  S. Khan  X. Hao  G. Li 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2016,13(10):2467-2474

Mining and geogenic activities can lead to elevated concentrations of potentially toxic elements in soil. Biochar amendment to soil is a cost-effective technology and environmentally friendly approach to control soil pollution, improve phytoremediation and mitigate health risks due to agricultural products. Greenhouse pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of rice husk biochar on alfalfa biomass, metal bioaccumulation and arsenic speciation. Results indicated that rice husk biochar amendments to contaminated soil increased plants biomass by improving soil fertility and available nutrients. Biochar also increased soil cation change capacity, dissolved organic carbon, while decreased available concentrations of potentially toxic elements (except for arsenic). The accumulation of nickel, lead, cadmium and zinc (except for chromium and arsenic) significantly (P ≤ 0.05) decreased as compared with unamended control plants. In addition, increases were observed for inorganic arsenite and arsenate. Current findings demonstrate that rice husk biochar can be used as a beneficial amendment for contaminated soil. However, further field experiments are needed to validate its long-term effectiveness where environmental factors are diverse and complex.  相似文献   

Energy consumption,CO2 emissions and GDP in Nigeria     

Sulaiman Chindo  Abdulsamad Abdulrahim  Salisu Ibrahim Waziri  Wong M. Huong  Abdulfatah Abubakar Ahmad 《GeoJournal》2015,80(3):315-322

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