Simulation of snowstorm over the Yellow Sea using a mesoscale coupled model     

Ki-Young Heo  Kyung-Eak Kim  Kyung-Ja Ha  Kwang-Soon Park  Ki-Cheon Jun  Jae-Seol Shim  Young-Sang Suh 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences》2010,46(4):437-452

This study aims to examine the favorable conditions for an ocean effect snowstorm across the Yellow Sea over the southwestern coast of Korea on 21 December 2005, using a coupled model with a Coupled Ocean/Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System as the atmospheric component and the Regional Ocean Modeling System as the oceanic component. Simulation of heavy snowfall event, which was 44.3 cm of snow accumulated in 24-hour, was performed to investigate the mesoscale structure, dynamics and development mechanisms in the snowstorm. As a result from 48-hour integration, the results of simulation showed that barotropic instability and turbulent heat fluxes played important roles in the formation of snowstorm. The enhanced surface diabatic heating was dominant in the latent heat flux, and eventually induced convective instability. An additional factor was the favorable condition of synoptic environment, accessing the cold air transport by the approach of the upper-level cold vortex over the warm ocean. Besides these factors, conditional symmetric instability (CSI) is a mechanism which can result in a heavy snowfall with sufficient moisture and upward vertical motion. A slantwise convection from the release of CSI could support a complex snowfall event with heavier than expected amounts. The result comparison between a coupled model and an uncoupled model supports that airsea coupling has an impact of decreasing of about 10% in a snowfall amount on the snowstorm.  相似文献   

Interdecadal shift in the relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon and the tropical Indian Ocean   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

Ruiqiang Ding  Kyung-Ja Ha  Jianping Li 《Climate Dynamics》2010,34(7-8):1059-1071

In this work, the authors investigate changes in the interannual relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the tropical Indian Ocean (IO) in the late 1970s. By contrasting the correlations of the EASM index (EASMI) with the summer IO sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) between 1953–1975 and 1978–2000, a pronounced different correlation pattern is found in the tropical IO. The SSTA pattern similar to the positive Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) shows a strongly positive correlation with the EASMI in 1953–1975. But in 1978–2000, significant negative correlation appears in the northern IO and the IOD-like correlation pattern disappears. It is indicated that the summer strong IOD events in 1953–1975 can cause a weaker-than-normal western North Pacific (WNP) subtropical high, which tends to favor a strong EASM. In 1978–2000, the connection between the summer IOD and the WNP circulation is disrupted by the climate shift. Instead, the northern IO shows a close connection with the WNP circulation in 1978–2000. The warming over the northern IO is associated with the significant enhanced 500 hPa geopotential height and an anomalous anticyclone over the WNP. The change in the IO–EASM relationship is attributed to the interdecadal change of the background state of the ocean–atmosphere system and the interaction between the ENSO and IO. In recent decades, the tropical IO and tropical Pacific have a warmer mean SST, which has likely strengthened (weakened) the influence of the northern IO (IOD) on the EASM. In addition, due to the increase in the ENSO variability along with the higher mean equatorial eastern Pacific SST in 1978–2000, the influence of ENSO on the East Asian summer circulation experiences a significant strengthening after the late 1970s. Because the warming over the northern IO is associated with the significant warming in the equatorial eastern Pacific, the strengthened ENSO–EASM relationship has likely also contributed to the strengthened relationship between the northern IO and the EASM in 1978–2000.  相似文献   

环境地质研究进展与展望   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

哈承祐 《地质通报》2006,25(11):1247-1256

环境地质学与其他地质学科的最大区别是,把人类活动作为一种地质作用营力加以研究,这是前所未有的.面向国民经济、国家重大工程建设和城市化的快速兴起与发展,环境地质学科得到了迅速发展.关注气候变化、海岸带发展、城市化、地下水资源与地质环境的相互关系至关重要.要重视地质灾害形成发育的规律,特别是人类工程活动与自然地质作用相互关系的研究.地质灾害防治和群测群防,在今后一个相当长的时期内仍然是研究重点.持久地为社会、为公众、为政府服务,提高地质科学在环境保护中的作用与地位,提高公众对环境地质学的认知与认同,才能采取共同行动,为可持续发展做出贡献.  相似文献   

基于机器视觉的线阵CCD相机成像几何模型     

刘松林  哈长亮  郝向阳  西勤 《测绘学院学报》2006,(5)

以研究机器视觉技术在运动的流线体类型的工业品在线质量检测领域的应用为基础,重点地研究线阵CCD相机结构、成像原理、成像方式及外部条件,分析了CCD相机成像误差来源及相关解决方法,探讨了线阵CCD相机在质量检测领域的成像模型的具体应用模式,并结合具体的实例内容进行了验证,证明了线阵CCD相机的成像几何模型在这一领域的应用性和适用性,为线阵CCD相机在机器视觉系统中大规模的应用提供了可靠的借鉴意义。  相似文献   

巯基棉分离富集-荧光分光光度法测定地下水中的痕量硒   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

李迎霞  王未肖哈婧 《岩矿测试》2005,24(4):311-313

在盐酸介质中,利用巯基棉分离富集地下水中痕量硒,然后在HC l-HNO3混合酸溶液及沸水浴加热条件下解脱富集的硒。通过测定2,3-二氨基萘与Se(Ⅳ)反应生成4,5-苯并苤硒脑的荧光强度,进而实现地下水中痕量硒的测定。实验表明,荧光光度法测定硒的线性范围为0~1.0μg,最低检测浓度为0.03μg/L,应用此法测定0.1μg/L硒的地下水,相对标准偏差小于7%,回收率达91%~105%,可满足地下水中硒的测定要求。  相似文献   

基于以太网的高精度定位系统设计     

哈思劲  何建新  李学华 《成都信息工程学院学报》2014,29(5):491-495

针对现有多通道定位控制装置数据通信和组网能力有限的问题,设计一种基于以太网的高精度定位系统,以FPGA为核心处理器,结合高性能18位数模和16位模数转换模块、W5300网络通信模块以及PID控制算法。多台定位控制系统可通过交换机或集线器组网,网络传输速度最高可达50Mbps,能实现中心计算机远程设置位置控制参数,以及对位置控制数据的远距离实时采集与分析,不但成本低廉,而且操作方便灵活,适合复杂平台系统的分布式控制,并在测试中通过。  相似文献   

ENSO regulation of MJO teleconnection   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Ja-Yeon Moon  Bin Wang  Kyung-Ja Ha 《Climate Dynamics》2011,37(5-6):1133-1149

The extratropical teleconnections associated with Madden?CJulian Oscillation (MJO) are shown to have an action center in the North Pacific where the pressure anomalies have opposite polarities between the Phase 3 (convective Indian Ocean) and Phase 7 (convective western Pacific) of the MJO. The teleconnection in the same phase of MJO may induce opposite anomalies over East Asia and North America between El Ni?o and La Ni?a years. During MJO Phase 3, a gigantic North Pacific anticyclonic anomaly occurs during La Ni?a, making coastal northeast Asia warmer/wetter than normal, but the west US colder/drier; whereas during El Ni?o the anticyclonic anomaly is confined to the central North Pacific, hence the northwest US experiences warmer than normal weather under influence of a downstream cyclonic anomaly. During Phase 7, an extratropical cyclonic anomaly forms over the northwest Pacific during La Ni?a due to convective enhancement over the Philippine Sea, causing bitter winter monsoon over Japan; whereas during El Ni?o, the corresponding cyclonic anomaly shifts to the northeast Pacific due to enhanced convection over the equatorial central Pacific, which causes warm and wet conditions along the west coast of US and Canada. Further, the presence of ENSO-induced seasonal anomalies can significantly modify MJO teleconnection, but the aforementioned MJO teleconnection can still be well identified. During Phase 3, the MJO teleconnection pattern over North Pacific will be counterbalanced (enhanced) by El Ni?o (La Ni?a)-induced seasonal mean anomalies. During Phase 7, on the other hand, the MJO teleconnection anomalies in the northeastern Pacific will be enhanced during El Ni?o but reduced during La Ni?a; thereby the impacts of MJO teleconnection on the North America is expected to be stronger during El Ni?o than during La Ni?a.  相似文献   

Deficiencies and possibilities for long-lead coupled climate prediction of the Western North Pacific-East Asian summer monsoon     

Sun-Seon Lee  June-Yi Lee  Kyung-Ja Ha  Bin Wang  Jae Kyung E. Schemm 《Climate Dynamics》2011,36(5-6):1173-1188

Long-lead prediction of waxing and waning of the Western North Pacific (WNP)-East Asian (EA) summer monsoon (WNP-EASM) precipitation is a major challenge in seasonal time-scale climate prediction. In this study, deficiencies and potential for predicting the WNP-EASM precipitation and circulation one or two seasons ahead were examined using retrospective forecast data for the 26-year period of 1981–2006 from two operational couple models which are the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) and the Bureau of Meteorology Research Center (BMRC) Predictive Ocean–Atmosphere Model for Australia (POAMA). While both coupled models have difficulty in predicting summer mean precipitation anomalies over the region of interest, even for a 0-month lead forecast, they are capable of predicting zonal wind anomalies at 850 hPa several months ahead and, consequently, satisfactorily predict summer monsoon circulation indices for the EA region (EASMI) and for the WNP region (WNPSMI). It should be noted that the two models’ multi-model ensemble (MME) reaches 0.40 of the correlation skill for the EASMI with a January initial condition and 0.75 for the WNPSMI with a February initial condition. Further analysis indicates that prediction reliability of the EASMI is related not only to the preceding El Niño and Southern Oscillation (ENSO) but also to simultaneous local SST variability. On other hand, better prediction of the WNPSMI is accompanied by a more realistic simulation of lead–lag relationship between the index and ENSO. It should also be noted that current coupled models have difficulty in capturing the interannual variability component of the WNP-EASM system which is not correlated with typical ENSO variability. To improve the long-lead seasonal prediction of the WNP-EASM precipitation, a statistical postprocessing was developed based on the multiple linear regression method. The method utilizes the MME prediction of the EASMI and WNPSMI as predictors. It is shown that the statistical postprocessing is able to improve forecast skill for the summer mean precipitation over most of the WNP-EASM region at all forecast leads. It is noteworthy that the MME prediction, after applying statistical postprocessing, shows the best anomaly pattern correlation skill for the EASM precipitation at a 4-month lead (February initial condition) and for the WNPSM precipitation at a 5-month lead (January initial condition), indicating its potential for improving long-lead prediction of the monsoon precipitation.  相似文献   

The impact of cumulus parameterizations and microphysics schemes under different combinations on typhoon track prediction   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

河惠卿  王振会  金正润  牛生杰  徐爱淑 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2011,17(2):113-119

This study examines the effects of cumulus parameterizations and microphysics schemes on the track forecast of typhoon Nabi using the Weather Research Forecast model. The study found that the effects of cumulus parameterizations on typhoon track forecast were comparatively strong and the typhoon track forecast of Kain-Fritsch (KF) was superior to that of Betts-Miller (BM). When KF was selected, the simulated results would be improved if microphysics schemes were selected than otherwise. The results from Ferrier, WSM6, and Lin were very close to those in the best track. KF performed well with the simulations of the western extension and eastern contraction changes of a North Pacific high as well as the distribution and strength of the typhoon wind field.  相似文献   

Distinguishing changes in the Hadley circulation edge     

Moon  Hyejin  Ha  Kyung-Ja 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2020,139(3):1007-1017

Theoretical and Applied Climatology - The studies on poleward expansion of the Hadley circulation have mainly concentrated on linear trends with global warming. There is no consensus on how the...  相似文献