Potential Impacts of Proposed Chenglingji Hydraulic Project on Wetlands in Dongting Lake   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

LU Cai  SHI Linlu  GUAN Lei  ZHOU Yan  JING Lei  LEI Guangchun 《湿地科学》2018,(3)

Water level fluctuation of is an important ecological character of lakes in monsoon climate zone.It is the key driver to seasonal change of the wetlands and associated habitats,which provide vital inhabiting conditions for different species in summer and winter,or,wet season and dry season.Due the hydrologic regime changes in the recent years after the operation of Three Gorges Dam,in 2012,the government of Hunan province proposed Chenglingji Hydraulic Project,aiming at water level control in dry season at Chenglingji,where the outlet of Dongting Lake located.Through different operations on water retreat process,five scenarios on the water level control from 21 m to 24 m were set in the plan.The potential ecological impacts of the project are under enormous public concern.To analyze potential impacts from different scenarios of water level control on the wetlands,this paper studied the topography of Dongting Lake bed and wetlands in dry season,by using Digital Elevation Model(DEM)and 15 images from HJ satellite and 1 image from Landsat TM.The wetlands at water levels of 19 m to 27 m were analyzed.The study revealed that there were 4 terrain steps on Dongting Lake bed from the West Dongting Lake to East Dongting Lake.Water level control at Chenglingji would increase area of open water in East Dongting Lake and Hengling Lake areas,while its effect on South Dongting Lake and West Dongting Lake areas due to higher terrain was weaker.Particularly,the area percentages of South Dongting Lake area did not change with water level fluctuation,due to its 2 elevation steps.The area percentages of various types of the wetlands in Dongting Lake area during the processes of water level rising and retreating were quite different,even in the relatively close water level interval.The retreating area of open water in autumn was larger than that during the spring flooding.The 23 m was the key water level,a turning point of the area change of the wetlands in Dongting Lake area.Areas of open water,mudflat,meadows and their percentages changed significantly at water levels above 23 meters,with increasing of open water area and shrinking of meadow area,their areas would decrease 30 000 ha.As the key habitats for wintering geese,the area of meadows was from near 70 000 ha to 10 000 ha.Among 5 scenarios,the impact of the scenario at 21 m elevation on wetlands was the weakest.However,water level dropping was still postponed than that of natural hydrological process in the scenarios.It resulted in longer inundation of large area of lakebed at elevation of 22-23 m,increasing habitats for aquatic biodiversity but reducing area of the meadows,where is the key habitat for wintering geese.All the other water level control scenarios would cause large area of inundation of lakebed in dry season and dramatic change of wetlands.To maintain the natural wetlands in Dongting Lake area,the Chenglingji Hydraulic Project should be considered in a more cautious way and further researches were needed on the response of aquatic biodiversity and wintering water birds.  相似文献   

Preface     

Jennifer HOLDAWAY  WANG Wuyi  ZHANG Lei 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(1):0

正This special issue of the Journal of Resources and Ecology focuses on food safety in China,a problem that has been of great concern to the public in recent years and the object of several new laws and institutional reforms.This collection presents the work of researchers who have participated in the Food Safety Working Group of the Forum on Health,Environment and  相似文献   

Research on the Sustainability of Afghanistan Based on the Emergy Analysis     

JIN Lei  LI Haitao  YANG Jinfan 《资源与生态学报(英文版)》2018,9(5):508-515

Afghanistan is an important country for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road (the Belt and Road) proposed by China. Due to years of war, Afghanistan is not well-developed economically. However, Afghanistan has abundant mineral resources and unique geographical advantages that are of far-reaching significance for Chinese economic strategic development. To investigate the sustainability of the eco-economic system of Afghanistan, we completed a quantitative evaluation of the emergy of Afghanistan during the period 2008 to 2015 by establishing an indicator system based on an emergy analysis. Results showed that from 2008 to 2015, the total emergy used of Afghanistan increased from 5.56×10²² sej to 9.75×10²² sej, among which the proportion of non-renewable emergy was less than 25.7%. This indicates that local resources in Afghanistan have yet to be exploited and utilized effectively and that its economic development relied heavily on the input of external resources. Meanwhile, the Emergy Sustainability Index (ESI) of Afghanistan from 2008 to 2015 dropped from 3.00 to 0.72, the Environmental Loading Ratio (ELR) increased from 0.77 to 2.06, and the Emergy Yield Ratio (EYR) dropped from 2.31 to 1.49, reflecting the imbalanced utilization of resources and the low level of economic development in Afghanistan. As a result, the potential for sustainable development of Afghanistan is relatively great. Basic infrastructure construction and reasonable exploitation of natural resources are the urgent needs.  相似文献   

Comparative analysis of different underlying surfaces using a high-resolution assimilation dataset in semi-arid areas in China     

Jinshuai?Ruan  Xiaohang?WenEmail author  Guangzhou?Fan  Deqin?Li  Wei?Hua  Bingyun?Wang  Yi?Zhang  Mingjun?Zhang  Chao?Wang  Lei?Wang 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,134(3-4):817-828

To study the land surface and atmospheric meteorological characteristics of non-uniform underlying surfaces in the semi-arid area of Northeast China, we use a “High-Resolution Assimilation Dataset of the water-energy cycle in China (HRADC)”. The grid points of three different underlying surfaces were selected, and their meteorological elements were averaged for each type (i.e., mixed forest, grassland, and cropland). For 2009, we compared and analyzed the different components of leaf area index (LAI), soil temperature and moisture, surface albedo, precipitation, and surface energy for various underlying surfaces in Northeast China. The results indicated that the LAI of mixed forest and cropland during the summer is greater than 5 m² m^?2 and below 2.5 m² m^?2 for grassland; in the winter and spring seasons, the Green Vegetation Fraction (GVF) is below 30%. The soil temperature and moisture both vary greatly. Throughout the year, the mixed forest is dominated by latent heat evaporation; in grasslands and croplands, the sensible heat flux and the latent heat flux are approximately equal, and the GVF contributed more to latent heat flux than sensible heat flux in the summer. This study compares meteorological characteristics between three different underlying surfaces of the semi-arid area of Northeast China and makes up for the insufficiency of purely using observations for the study. This research is important for understanding the water-energy cycle and transport in the semi-arid area.  相似文献   

WRF模式对青藏高原那曲地区大气边界层模拟适用性研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

许鲁君  刘辉志  徐祥德  杜群  王雷 《气象学报》2018,76(6):955-967

采用WRF（Weather Research and Forecasting）模式4种边界层参数化方案对青藏高原那曲地区边界层特征进行了数值模拟,并利用"第三次青藏高原大气科学试验"在青藏高原那曲地区5个站点的观测资料对模拟结果进行验证,分析不同参数化方案在那曲地区的适用性。研究表明,YSU、MYJ、ACM2和BouLac方案对2 m气温和地表温度的模拟偏低。BouLac方案模拟的地表温度偏差较小。通过对能量平衡各分量的对比分析发现,温度模拟偏低可能是向下长波辐射模拟偏低以及感热通量和潜热通量交换过强导致的。对于边界层风、位温和相对湿度垂直结构的模拟,局地方案的模拟效果均优于非局地方案。BouLac方案对那曲地区近地层温度、边界层内位温和相对湿度的垂直分布模拟效果较好。   相似文献   

热带印度洋环流动力与季风相互作用研究进展     

郑佳喻  徐康  陈更新  胡开明  陈洁鹏  杨磊  王强  王鑫  王卫强  王东晓 《南京气象学院学报》2018,10(3):275-281

围绕中国科学院战略性先导科技专项"泛第三极环境变化与绿色丝绸之路建设"之子课题"热带印度洋环流动力与季风相互作用及其影响",从热带印度洋上层海洋环流、盐度变异对印度洋典型海气耦合过程的影响、印度洋海气相互作用及其对泛第三极水汽输送的影响方面回顾了热带印度洋环流动力与季风相互作用的研究进展.针对国内外研究发展的现状,提出热带印度洋上层经向、纬向、垂向流系间三维联动机制,海盆尺度热盐再分配对局地海-气模态变异的响应和反馈机制,热带印度洋典型海气耦合模态对泛第三极地区气候变化的影响机理等关键科学问题亟待解决.开展该子课题研究的最终目标是：全面认识和理解热带印度洋上层环流体系,加深印度洋海洋环流动力与海气相互作用及其对泛第三极经向水汽输送作用的理解,提高泛第三极地区气候预测水平,提升丝绸之路海上观测航道监测保障能力,从而为"一带一路"倡议和"21世纪海上丝绸之路"建设服务.  相似文献   

国家级现代农业气象业务技术进展   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4       下载免费PDF全文

侯英雨  张蕾  吴门新  宋迎波  郭安红  赵秀兰 《应用气象学报》2018,29(6):641-656

农业气象业务技术是开展农业气象服务的基础和前提,因此,农业气象业务技术的研发一直是国家级农业气象业务服务的核心工作。近年来,国家级农业气象业务技术已逐步迈向精细化、定量化,涵盖了农业气象监测评价、作物产量预报、农业气象灾害监测评估与影响预报、农用天气预报、农林病虫害发生发展气象等级预报等诸多领域。随着农业气象业务技术的发展,支撑农业气象服务的客观产品更加丰富和多样化,既有站点产品,又有格点产品,涵盖了日、周、月、季、年等不同时间尺度。以农业气象指标、数理统计模型、作物生长模拟、卫星遥感、地理信息系统、大数据等技术为核心的国家级农业气象业务平台（CAgMSS）已成为全国农业气象业务系统的重要品牌。面向现代农业发展对气象服务日益增长的需求,精细化、精准化的农业气象灾害监测与风险评估技术、作物长势评估与产量预报综合集成技术、农业应对气候变化技术以及农业气象大数据挖掘与人工智能技术将是未来国家级农业气象业务技术发展的重点。  相似文献   

L波段雷达探空高度评估及其质量标识          下载免费PDF全文

雷勇  郭启云  钱媛  曹晓钟 《应用气象学报》2018,29(6):710-723

以美国NCEP FNL分析数据和我国GRAPES_GFS预报数据为背景场,对2016年7月1日-2017年6月30日北京探空站的L波段秒级探空位势高度（探空高度）从观测余差、平均偏差、标准偏差、概率密度分布、峰度系数、偏度系数、相关系数和均方根误差等参数进行误差分析。根据分析结果对探空高度进行质量标识,并根据质量标识的结果再次求解参数,评估质量标识效果。结果表明:探空高度质量较好,无论是基于NCEP FNL还是GRA-PES_GFS,探空高度的误差基本在±5 dagpm以内。探测高层的观测余差平均偏差和标准偏差表明基于GRAPES_GFS的评估优于NCEP FNL的评估。单一个例选取的可疑点和错误点阈值具有误差特征、自适应的特点。  相似文献   

北印度洋-南海季风区热带海洋极端波候变化特征     

傅晨  罗耀  杨磊  王东晓  周峰华 《南京气象学院学报》2018,10(3):379-385

利用1979—2016年ERA-Interim有效波高（SWH）和海表风场数据,分析了南海-北印度洋极端海浪场分布和变化.结果表明：南海-北印度洋极端SWH分布和极端风速分布形态以及年际变化趋势高度一致,说明了涌浪为主的北印度洋和风浪为主的南海一样,极端SWH都由局地的极端风速控制;强极端SWH主要分布在阿拉伯海以及南海北部,阿拉伯海北部增长与该区域气旋强度增强有着密切关系,而南海的极端SWH主要受东北季风控制;东非沿岸极端SWH线性增长趋势则与索马里急流的年代际尺度上有逐渐增强的线性趋势有关.北印度洋及南海海域极端SWH距平场的EOF分析结果表明,南海极端SWH与北印度洋表现出反相变化的特征.北印度洋（南海海域）极端SWH多出现在西南季风（东北季风）期间,因为在西南季风（东北季风）期间,极端风速也相对增强.  相似文献   

基于障碍李雅普诺夫函数非线性系统的死区补偿控制     

刘磊 《南京气象学院学报》2018,10(6):681-686

本文集中在带有部分状态约束的非线性单输入单输出系统的自适应控制器设计上.考虑了非对称死区的非线性输入特性,选取障碍李雅普诺夫函数用来阻止部分受约束的状态违反约束条件.根据障碍李雅普诺夫函数反步法,解决了该类系统的输出跟踪问题,同时也处理了死区非线性带来的影响.针对下三角结构的非线性系统,设计了自适应控制器,证明了闭环系统所有信号都是有界的,同时保证了系统输出可以跟踪上参考信号.最后,仿真结果表明了所提方法的有效性.  相似文献