ComparativeP-postlabeling analysis of DNA Adducts in Perch (Perca fluviatilis) from unpolluted and polluted areas in Swedish coastal waters     

Gunilla Ericson  Birgitta Liewenborg  Lennart Balk 《Marine environmental research》1995,39(1-4)

Perch (Perca fluviatilis), were sampled from unpolluted and polluted areas in Swedish coastal waters. The level of aromatic/hydrophobic DNA adducts in liver tissue was analyzed using the nucleas P1 version of the³²P-post-labeling assay. The level of total adducts measured in the individual fish from polluted areas was between 6 and 22 nmol of adducts/mol of nucleotides, and in the fish from the reference area between 0.2 and 0.6 nmol of adducts/mol of nucleotides.  相似文献   

San Pedro Shelf California: testing the Pearson-Rosenberg model (PRM)     

Don MaurerGeorge Robertson  Thomas Gerlinger 《Marine environmental research》1993,35(4)

Based on quarterly sampling (n = 260) over four years (1985–1989) from California's San Pedro Shelf, the Pearson-Rosenberg Model (PRM) or organic enrichment was tested for the Orange County ocean outfall. The null hypothesis was that test species, abundance, and biomass curves (SAB) from the shelf closely resemble those from the model. Principal areas of agreement between test curves and model curves include increased abundance and biomass approaching an ocean outfall. Major departures from the PRM include: (1) no sharp decline in SAB curves to azoic conditions, (2) displacement of SAB curves away from the outfall, and (3) opportunistic species did not exclude or eliminate rare species. Moreover, the role of local dominant species (bivalve—Parvilucina tenuisculpta, ostracod—Euphilomedes carcharodonta polychaetous annelid—Capitella capitata) can greatly influence SAB curves within the model. Bioenhancement should not necessarily be viewed as a diagnostic feature of a polluted site. Since the PRM was originally developed for semi-enclosed, low energy depositional habitats with long residence times (fjords, sea lochs), open ocean, high energy, erosional habitats (coast and shelf) may not be the most appropriate sites to apply this model. Uncritical application of the PRM to the Orange County ocean outfall may lead to unnecessary and costly decisions.  相似文献   

Further analysis of the effect of bioturbation by Nephrops norvegicus (L.) on the acoustic return of the RoxAnnTM seabed discrimination system     

Pinn  Eunice H.; Robertson  M. R. 《ICES Journal of Marine Science》2001,58(1):216-219

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Subfractionation of the head and trunk kidneys of the northern pike (Esox lucius)     

Lennart Balk  Susanne Mnr  Joseph W. DePierre  Anders Bergstrand 《Marine environmental research》1984,14(1-4)

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Emergence of multi-stakeholder-driven cooperative research in the Northwest Atlantic: The case of the Northeast Consortium     

Troy W. Hartley  Robert A. Robertson 《Marine Policy》2006

The past 50 years in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank is marked by a growing divide between fishermen, scientists, and managers. This paper tracks the scientific, regulatory, social and political evolution of fisheries management in the Northwest Atlantic, culminating in a distrustful and adversarial climate, a convergence of diverse policy needs, and the emergence of a multi-stakeholder cooperative research program—the Northeast Consortium. The institutional structure and activities of the Northeast Consortium are presented and we conclude with a discussion of the role of cooperative research in building mutual understanding and respect, trust and scientific legitimacy.  相似文献   

A comparative study of contaminant levels in Long Island Sound     

Andrew Robertson  Bernard W. Gottholm  Donna D. Turgeon  Douglas A. Wolfe 《Estuaries and Coasts》1991,14(3):290-298

This paper uses results from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Status and Trends Program (NS&T) to place the environmental quality of Long Island Sound in a broader perspective. It compares levels of contaminants in blue mussels from ten Long Island Sound sites and in sediments from seven Long Island Sound sites with concentrations in the same media at 87 and 221 other sites, respectively, where comparable samples were obtained. In sediments, the levels of both trace metals and organic contaminants tend to be relatively high for Long Island Sound sites. This is especially true for five of the twelve metals (silver, cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc) and for five of six categories of organic contaminants (total chlordane, low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), high molecular weight PAHs, total polychlorinated biphenyls, and total dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes). In mussels, the organic contaminant categories exhibit relatively high levels, but this is not true for most of the metals. In fact, four of the metals—arsenic, mercury, selenium, and zinc—show evidence of relatively low levels in mussels from Long Island Sound compared to other NS&T locations.  相似文献   

Vulnerability assessment of coastal bridges on Oahu impacted by storm surge and waves     

Masoud Hayatdavoodi  R. Cengiz Ertekin  Ian N. Robertson  H. Ronald Riggs 《Natural Hazards》2015,79(2):1133-1157

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High Arctic sea ice conditions influence marine birds wintering in Low Arctic regions     

Laura McFarlane Tranquilla  April Hedd  Chantelle Burke  William A. Montevecchi  Paul M. Regular  Gregory J. Robertson  Leslie Ann Stapleton  Sabina I. Wilhelm  David A. Fifield  Alejandro D. Buren 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

Ocean climate change is having profound biological effects in polar regions. Such change can also have far-reaching downstream effects in sub-polar regions. This study documents an environmental relationship between High Arctic sea ice changes and mortality events of marine birds in Low Arctic coastal regions. During April 2007 and March 2009, hundreds of beached seabird carcasses and moribund seabirds were found along the east and northeast coasts of Newfoundland, Canada. These seabird “wrecks” (i.e. dead birds on beaches) coincided with a period of strong, persistent onshore winds and heavily-accumulated sea ice that blocked bays and trapped seabirds near beaches. Ninety-two percent of wreck seabirds were Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia). Body condition and demographic patterns of wreck murres were compared to Thick-billed Murres shot in the Newfoundland murre hunt. Average body and pectoral masses of wreck carcasses were 34% and 40% lighter (respectively) than shot murres, indicating that wreck birds had starved. The acute nature of each wreck suggested that starvation and associated hypothermia occurred within 2–3 days. In 2007, first-winter murres (77%) dominated the wreck. In 2009, there were more adults (78%), mostly females (66%). These results suggest that spatial and temporal segregation in ages and sexes can play a role in differential survival when stochastic weather conditions affect discrete areas where these groups aggregate. In wreck years, southward movement of Arctic sea ice to Low Arctic latitudes was later and blocked bays longer than in most other years. These inshore conditions corresponded with recent climate-driven changes in High Arctic ice break-up and ice extent; coupled with local weather conditions, these ice conditions appeared to be the key environmental features that precipitated the ice-associated seabird wrecks in the Low Arctic region.  相似文献   

Spatio-temporal variability and predictability of summer monsoon onset over the Philippines     

V. Moron  A. Lucero  F. Hilario  B. Lyon  A. W. Robertson  D. DeWitt 《Climate Dynamics》2009,33(7-8):1159-1177

The spatio-temporal variability of boreal summer monsoon onset over the Philippines is studied through the analysis of daily rainfall data across a network of 76 gauges for the period 1977 to 2004 and the pentad Merged Analysis of Precipitation from the US Climate Prediction Center from 1979 to 2006. The onset date is defined using a local agronomic definition, namely the first wet day of a 5-day period receiving at least 40 mm without any 15-day dry spell receiving <5 mm in the 30 days following the start of that period. The onset is found to occur rather abruptly across the western Philippines around mid-May on average and is associated with the set-up of a “classical” monsoonal circulation with low-level easterlies subsequently veering to southerly, and then southwesterly. The onset manifests itself merely as a seasonal increase of rainfall over the eastern Philippines, where rainfall occurs throughout most of the year. Interannual variability of the onset date is shown to consist of a spatially coherent large-scale component, rather similar over the western and eastern Philippines, with a moderate to high amount of local-scale (i.e. station scale) noise. In consequence, the large-scale signal can be easily retrieved from any sample of at least 5–6 stations across the network although the local-scale coherence and fingerprint of the large-scale signal of the onset date are found to be stronger over the central Philippines, roughly from Southern Luzon to Northern Mindanao. The seasonal predictability of local onset is analyzed through a cross-validated canonical correlation analysis using tropical Pacific and Indian Ocean sea surface temperature in March and the 850 hPa May wind field from dynamical forecast models as predictors. The regional-scale onset, defined as the average of standardized local-scale anomalies in onset date, shows good predictive skill (r ≈ 0.8). Moreover, most of the stations show weak to moderate skill (median skill = 0.28–0.43 depending on the scheme) with spatial averaging across stations typically increasing skill to >0.6.  相似文献   

Gravitational attraction of local crustal masses in spherical coordinates     

D. A. Smith  D. S. Robertson  D. G. Milbert 《Journal of Geodesy》2001,74(11-12):783-795

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