The state of the art of numerical modeling of thermohydrologic flow in fractured rock masses     

J. S. Y. Wang  C. F. Tsang  R. A. Sterbentz 《Environmental Geology》1982,4(3-4):133-199

The state of the art of numerical modeling of thermohydrologic flow in fractured rock masses is reviewed and a comparative study is made of several models which have been developed in nuclear waste isolation, geothermal energy, ground water hydrology, petroleum engineering, and other geologic fields. The general review is followed by individual summaries of each model and the main characteristics of its governing equations, numerical solutions, computer codes, validations, and applications. This work was supported by the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy, Office of Waste Isolation of the U. S. Department of Energy under Contract Number DE-AC03-76SF00098. Funding for this project is administered by the Office of Nuclear Waste Isolation at Battelle Memorial Institute.  相似文献   

Annual oceanic heat transports computed from an atmospheric model     

James R. Miller  Gary L. Russell  Lie-Ching Tsang 《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》1983,7(2):95-109

Mean annual estimates of the oceanic poleward energy transport are obtained using a global atmospheric general circulation model. The computations are carried out by using the atmospheric model to determine the net annual heat flux into the ocean on an 8° × 10° grid. Assuming no net annual heat storage, the annual surface heat fluxes into any zonal band must be accompanied by a corresponding meridional heat transport in the ocean. Heat is transported northward at all latitudes in the Atlantic Ocean and is transported poleward in both hemispheres in the Pacific Ocean. To account for the net northward transport throughout the Atlantic, heat is transported into the Atlantic from the Indian and Pacific basins. The results are compared with several recent direct and indirect calculations of oceanic meridional heat transports.  相似文献   

Cryptic diversity and phylogeography of the island‐associated barnacle Chthamalus moro in Asia          下载免费PDF全文

Tsz Huen Wu  Ling Ming Tsang  Benny K. K. Chan  Ka Hou Chu 《Marine Ecology》2015,36(3):368-378

Pleistocene glaciations were among the important historic events that shaped the population structures of marine organisms. Genetic studies of different marine fauna and flora have demonstrated the effect of Pleistocene glaciations on taxa that reside in marginal seas. However, how marine island species responded to Pleistocene glaciations remains relatively unstudied, especially in Asia. Genetic analyses based on the island‐associated barnacle Chthamalus moro collected from 14 sites in Asia reveal that C. moro comprises three distinct lineages, with COI divergence ranging from 3.9 to 8.3%. Population genetic analyses on respective lineages reveal signs of demographic expansion within the Pleistocene epoch at different times. The Ogasawara lineage, which has a more oceanic distribution, expanded the earliest, followed by the population expansion of the Ryukyu and Southern lineages that inhabit islands closer to the continent. The data suggest that the inhabitants of outer islands may have been less affected by Pleistocene glaciations than those that reside closer to the continent, as the former were able to maintain a large, stable, effective population size throughout the late Pleistocene.  相似文献   

ISRM Suggested Method for Step-Rate Injection Method for Fracture In-Situ Properties (SIMFIP): Using a 3-Components Borehole Deformation Sensor     

Yves Guglielmi  Frederic Cappa  Hervé Lançon  Jean Bernard Janowczyk  Jonny Rutqvist  C. F. Tsang  J. S. Y. Wang 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2014,47(1):303-311

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