哈密市三次暴雨过程水汽特征对比分析     

热依拉.玉努斯  周宁芳 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2024,18(5)

利用常规观测、区域自动站逐小时降水、NCEP/NCAR和GDAS再分析等资料,对比分析了2018－2019年哈密市三次暴雨过程的环流背景、水汽输送、辐合（辐散）和水汽收支等特征。结果表明：三次暴雨过程均发生在巴尔喀什湖地区有低涡、蒙古地区有高压脊的环流背景下,当对流层高层南亚高压中心东移且东部中心强度增强、中亚西风槽前存在强西南急流,对流层中层欧洲高压脊偏强、低涡偏南、西太副高偏西偏北时,有利于暴雨落区偏南、降水强度强,反之暴雨落区偏北、降水偏弱。三次暴雨过程水汽源地、水汽输送路径及水汽贡献有所差异,水汽源地的多源性和源地水汽贡献量的多少会对哈密市降雨的强弱有一定的影响。对流层中低层蒙古的反气旋有利于暖湿空汽沿着河西走廊的偏东急流输送至暴雨区,有利于暴雨的增幅。三次过程不同边界水汽收支量有所差异,东边界的低层和西边界的中高层为水汽的主要输入边界。强降水区各边界水汽净流入的强度、维持时间以及水汽的辐合强度对强降水的发展和维持起关键作用。  相似文献   

Conformal geometry of the Kepler orbit space     

José F. Cariñena  Carlos López  Mariano A. del Olmo  Mariano Santander 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1991,52(4):307-343

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Introducing dolomite seams: hybrid compaction–solution bands in dolomitic limestones          下载免费PDF全文

Stefano Tavani  Stefano Vitale  Celestino Grifa  Alessandro Iannace  Mariano Parente  Stefano Mazzoli 《地学学报》2016,28(3):195-201

Bedding‐parallel dolomite seams occur in a clay‐poor carbonate succession of the Apennines. The seams are composed of a high concentration of dolomite crystals compared to the hosting dolomitic limestone. SEM images document microcracking, and in many cases even crushing and fragmentation, of dolomite crystals and accumulation of non‐carbonate insoluble material both along micro‐stylolites within the seams and around dolomite crystals of the seams. We interpret the seams as hybrid structures between pressure‐solution seams and compaction bands, which formed during burial. The euhedral dolomite crystals scattered in the micritic matrix represent the insoluble residue produced by the progressive dissolution of calcite. As calcite dissolution proceeds, the concentration of dolomite crystals increases, eventually resulting in a dolomite seam in which locally a dolomite crystal‐supported texture is attained. At this stage, the dolomite crystals within the seam start to collide, crush and fragment, so that the dolomite seam behaves like a compaction band.  相似文献   

High T/P evolution and metamorphic ages of the migmatitic basement of northern Sierras Pampeanas,Argentina: Characterization of a mid-crustal segment of the Famatinian belt     

Mariano A. Larrovere  Camilo R. de los Hoyos  Alejandro J. Toselli  Juana N. Rossi  Miguel A.S. Basei  Mauricio E. Belmar 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2011,31(2-3):279-297

New petrologic, thermobarometric and U-Pb monazite geochronologic information allowed to resolve the metamorphic evolution of a high temperature mid-crustal segment of an ancient subduction-related orogen. The El Portezuelo Metamorphic-Igneous Complex, in the northern Sierras Pampeanas, is mainly composed of migmatites that evolved from amphibolite to granulite metamorphic facies, reaching thermal peak conditions of 670–820 °C and 4.5–5.3 kbar. The petrographic study combined with conventional and pseudosection thermobarometry led to deducing a short prograde metamorphic evolution within migmatite blocks. The garnet-absent migmatites represent amphibolite-facies rocks, whereas the cordierite-garnet-K-feldspar-sillimanite migmatites represent higher metamorphic grade rocks. U-Pb geochronology on monazite grains within leucosome record the time of migmatization between ≈477 and 470 Ma. Thus, the El Portezuelo Metamorphic-Igneous Complex is an example of exhumed Early Ordovician anatectic middle crust of the Famatinian mobile belt. Homogeneous exposure of similar paleo-depths throughout the Famatinian back-arc and isobaric cooling paths suggest slow exhumation and consequent longstanding crustal residence at high temperatures. High thermal gradients uniformly distributed in the Famatinian back-arc can be explained by shallow convection of a low-viscosity asthenosphere promoted by subducting-slab dehydration.  相似文献   

Wave disturbance behind low-crested structures: Diffraction and overtopping effects     

Diego Vicinanza  Iván Cáceres  Mariano Buccino  Xavier Gironella  Mario Calabrese 《Coastal Engineering》2009,56(11-12):1173-1185

In recent years the hydraulic performance of low-crested structures has been widely studied both theoretically and through experimental analyses, but only a few studies have been focused on the combined diffraction-overtopping effects on wave transmission and induced wave currents.In this paper hydraulic model tests conducted at the 3D wave basin of Delft University of Technology (Cáceres et al., 2008) were used to obtain and discuss two simple methods for predicting the wave height at the lee of a single detached breakwater of finite length and the related current regime. For the first time diffraction effects are expressly accounted for. The agreement with experimental data is encouraging.The main objective of the paper is to aid engineers in the first stage of the design process, when using a mathematical model could be unnecessarily excessive.  相似文献   

Facies and stacking patterns of shelf-deltas within the Palaeogene Battfjellet Formation, Nordenskiöld Land, Svalbard: implications for subsurface reservoir prediction     

WILLIAM HELLAND-HANSEN  Associate Editor: Mariano Marzo 《Sedimentology》2010,57(1):190-208

Textural and mineralogical properties of the sediment, facies characteristics (both derived from well data), stacking patterns (derived from well and seismic data) and plan‐view shapes (derived from seismic data) are all essential components when reconstructing reservoir geometries from subsurface data sets. Without the availability of all these sources of information, reservoir predictions can potentially deviate significantly from the true geometries. In particular, inferences about internal sandbody geometry from plan‐view considerations (isopach maps and seismic attribute maps) may lead to erroneous conclusions without knowledge of facies and textural properties of the sediment. Analysis of well‐exposed sedimentary systems has the potential to establish links between internal facies characteristics and large‐scale geometry and to improve models coupling information at these variable scales. The Palaeogene Battfjellet Formation, Svalbard, has been studied with the aim to unravel internal characteristics and external form by investigating sediment properties, facies and stacking patterns. The formation shows a combination of texturally and mineralogically very immature sediments, a predominance of wave‐generated or wave‐induced sedimentary structures and a stacking pattern of highly variable numbers of parasequences at localities few kilometres apart that best can be explained in terms of small shifting deltaic lobes that produced a complex pattern of overlapping sandbodies. The strong evidence of wave action in the receiving basin could in itself indicate strike‐extensive sandstone bodies; however, the complex sandbody arrangement and the immaturity of the sediments preclude such an interpretation. Traditional facies models coupling plan‐view geometries with internal facies characteristics (such as the coupling of strike extensive barrier systems with wave‐dominated sedimentary structures or the coupling of elongated fluvial‐dominated deltas with offshore‐directed current‐generated structures) are much too simple and may lead to erroneous interpretations if the complexity revealed by all sources of data is not appreciated.  相似文献   

The effects of post-orogenic extension on different scales: an example from the Apennine–Maghrebide fold-and-thrust belt, SW Sicily     

Enrico Tavarnelli  Pietro Renda  Valeria Pasqui  Mariano Tramutoli 《地学学报》2003,15(1):1-7

ABSTRACT Many structures produced under one single deformation regime, namely extensional, contractional or strike-slip, exhibit remarkable geometrical analogies when analysed at different scales. By contrast, field examples that illustrate the scale effects on structures resulting from superimposed deformations, which were produced under different tectonic regimes, are rare. Yet the change from contraction to extension is known to occur often in the most thickened portions of the continental crust. The Apennine–Maghrebide fold-and-thrust belt of Sicily shows many examples of post-orogenic extensional deformations. Composite structures, resulting from late normal faults that offset folds and thrusts, are observed at four different scales, from regional to mesoscopic, in the south-western portion of Sicily and in the adjacent Isle of Favignana. The recognized analogies in the geometry of these composite structures may provide a key for the interpretation of the features of regional structures, whose deep geometry is often poorly constrained. Moreover, comparison of normalized displacements accommodated by contractional and extensional faults of different scales indicates that self-similarity is not unique to structures produced under single tectonic regimes.  相似文献   

On the maximum amplitude and coherence of the kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations in low-mass X-ray binaries     

Mariano Méndez 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2006,371(4):1925-1938

I study the behaviour of the maximum rms fractional amplitude, r _max, and the maximum coherence, Q _max, of the kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs) in a dozen low-mass X-ray binaries. I find that (i) the maximum rms amplitudes of the lower- and upper-kHz QPOs,   r ^ℓ_max  and   r ^u_max  , respectively, decrease more or less exponentially with increasing luminosity of the source; (ii) the maximum coherence of the lower-kHz QPO,   Q ^ℓ_max  , first increases and then decreases exponentially with luminosity, at a faster rate than both   r ^ℓ_max  and   r ^u_max  ; (iii) the maximum coherence of the upper-kHz QPO,   Q ^u_max  , is more or less independent of luminosity; and (iv) r _max and Q _max show the opposite behaviour with hardness of the source, consistent with the fact that there is a general anticorrelation between luminosity and spectral hardness in these sources. Both r _max and Q _max in the sample of sources, and the rms amplitude and coherence of the kHz QPOs in individual sources show a similar behaviour with hardness. This similarity argues against the interpretation that the drop of coherence and rms amplitude of the lower-kHz QPO at high QPO frequencies in individual sources is a signature of the innermost stable circular orbit around a neutron star. I discuss possible interpretations of these results in terms of the modulation mechanisms that may be responsible for the observed variability.  相似文献   

Relationships between diffuse CO2 emissions and volcanic activity on the island of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) during the period 1984–1994     

Iole Diliberto  Sergio Gurrieri  Mariano Valenza 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2002,64(3-4):219-228

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Larger foraminifera distribution and strontium isotope stratigraphy of the La Cova limestones (Coniacian–Santonian, “Serra del Montsec”, Pyrenees, NE Spain)     

Carme Boix  Gianluca Frijia  Vicent Vicedo  Josep M. Bernaus  Matteo Di Lucia  Mariano Parente  Esmeralda Caus 《Cretaceous Research》2011,32(6):806-822

The Upper Cretaceous La Cova limestones (southern Pyrenees, Spain) host a rich and diverse larger foraminiferal fauna, which represents the first diversification of K-strategists after the mass extinction at the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary.The stratigraphic distribution of the main taxa of larger foraminifera defines two assemblages. The first assemblage is characterised by the first appearance of lacazinids (Pseudolacazina loeblichi) and meandropsinids (Eofallotia simplex), by the large agglutinated Montsechiana montsechiensis, and by several species of complex rotalids (Rotorbinella campaniola, Iberorotalia reicheli, Orbitokhatina wondersmitti and Calcarinella schaubi). The second assemblage is defined by the appearance of Lacazina pyrenaica, Palandrosina taxyae and Martiguesia cyclamminiformis.A late Coniacian-early Santonian age was so far accepted for the La Cova limestones, based on indirect correlation with deep-water facies bearing planktic foraminifers of the Dicarinella concavata zone. Strontium isotope stratigraphy, based on many samples of pristine biotic calcite of rudists and ostreids, indicates that the La Cova limestones span from the early Coniacian to the early-middle Santonian boundary. The first assemblage of larger foraminifera appears very close to the early-middle Coniacian boundary and reaches its full diversity by the middle Coniacian. The originations defining the second assemblage are dated as earliest Santonian: they represent important bioevents to define the Coniacian-Santonian boundary in the shallow-water facies of the South Pyrenean province.By means of the calibration of strontium isotope stratigraphy to the Geological Time Scale, the larger foraminiferal assemblages of the La Cova limestones can be correlated to the standard biozonal scheme of ammonites, planktonic foraminifers and calcareous nannoplankton. This correlation is a first step toward a larger foraminifera standard biozonation for Upper Cretaceous carbonate platform facies.  相似文献