Total and subcellular distribution of trace elements in the liver of a mother-fetus pair of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yang J  Kunito T  Anan Y  Tanabe S  Miyazaki N 《Marine pollution bulletin》2004,48(11-12):1122-1129

Total and subcellular hepatic Zn, Cu, Se, Mn, V, Hg, Cd, and Ag were determined in a mother-fetus pair of Dall's porpoises (Phocoenoides dalli). Except for higher fetal Cu concentration, all maternal elements were higher. Elements existed mostly in the cytosol of both animals except in the case of maternal Ag in the microsome and fetal Cu and Ag in the nuclei and mitochondria. In the maternal cytosol, Zn, Mn, Hg, and Ag were present in the high-molecular-weight substances (HMW); Se and V were present in the low-molecular-weight substances (LMW); Cu and Cd were mostly sequestered by metallothionein (MT). In the fetal cytosol, Zn, Se, Mn, Hg, Cd, and Ag were present in the HMW and V in the LMW, while Cu and Ag were mostly associated with MT. MT isoforms were characterized using the HPLC/ICP-MS. Two and four obvious peaks appeared in the maternal and fetal MT fractions, respectively. The highest elemental ion intensities were at a retention time of 7.8 min for the mother, and for the fetus the peak elemental ion intensities occurred at a retention time of 4.3 min, suggesting that different MT isoforms may be involved in elemental accumulation in maternal and fetal hepatocytosols.  相似文献   

Analytical expansions of torque-free motions for short and long axis modes     

Hiroshi Kinoshita 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1992,53(4):365-375

Torque-free motion of a rigid body is integrable and its solution is expressed in terms of elliptic functions and elliptic integrals. The conventional analytical expression of the solution, however, is complicated and not suitable for hand-calculation. Recently the rotational motions of small celestial bodies in the solar system are frequently investigated by numerically integrating the equations of motion instead of using the analytical solution, since the numerical evaluation of the analytical and exact solution is a little bit difficult. As the observational accuracy of the rotational motions of the small bodies in the solar system is quite low, what we need for the reduction of these observations are rough estimates of the period of Eulerian motion ( or the free precession period) and the amplitudes of the main periodic terms. Here we give simple analytical expansions of torque-free motions for short- and long-axis modes, which are correct up to the second-order of a small parameter. These expressions include only trigonometric functions and are easily evaluated by hand calculation for estimates of the essential quantities from which we can determine a global rotational motion of the torque-free motion. They can also be used as the zero-th order solution in a perturbation method, when the motion is perturbed by external torques.  相似文献   

Long-term behavior of the motion of Pluto over 5.5 billion years     

Hiroshi Kinoshita  Hiroshi Nakai 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1996,72(1-3):165-173

The motion of Pluto is said to be chaotic in the sense that the maximum Lyapunov exponent is positive: the Lyapunov time (the inverse of the Lyapunov exponent) is about 20 million years. So far the longest integration up to now, over 845 million years (42 Lyapunov times), does not show any indication of a gross instability in the motion of Pluto. We carried out the numerical integration of Pluto over the age of the solar system (5.5 billion years ≈ 280 Lyapunov times). This integration also did not give any indication of chaotic evolution of Pluto. The divergences of Keplerian elements of a nearby trajectory at first grow linearly with the time and then start to increase exponentially. The exponential divergences stop at about 420 million years. The divergences in the semi-major axis and the mean anomaly ( equivalently the longitude and the distance) saturate. The divergences of the other four elements, the eccentricity, the inclination, the argument of perihelion, and the longitude of node still grow slowly after the stop of the exponential increase and finally saturate.  相似文献   

Development of an automatic volcanic ash sampling apparatus for active volcanoes     

Taketo Shimano  Takeshi Nishimura  Nobuyuki Chiga  Yoshinobu Shibasaki  Masato Iguchi  Daisuke Miki  Akihiko Yokoo 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2013,75(12):1-7

We develop an automatic system for the sampling of ash fall particles, to be used for continuous monitoring of magma ascent and eruptive dynamics at active volcanoes. The system consists of a sampling apparatus and cameras to monitor surface phenomena during eruptions. The Sampling Apparatus for Time Series Unmanned Monitoring of Ash (SATSUMA-I and SATSUMA-II) is less than 10 kg in weight and works automatically for more than a month with a 10-kg lead battery to obtain a total of 30 to 36 samples in one cycle of operation. The time range covered in one cycle varies from less than an hour to several months, depending on the aims of observation, allowing researchers to target minute-scale fluctuations in a single eruptive event, as well as daily to weekly trends in persistent volcanic activity. The latest version, SATSUMA-II, also enables control of sampling parameters remotely by e-mail commands. Durability of the apparatus is high: our prototypes worked for several months, in rainy and typhoon seasons, at windy and humid locations, and under strong sunlight. We have been successful in collecting ash samples emitted from Showa crater almost everyday for more than 4 years (2008–2012) at Sakurajima volcano in southwest Japan.  相似文献   

Ceramic waste glass fiber-reinforced plastic-containing filtering materials for turbid water treatment     

Kentaro Yasui  Shogo Goto  Hiroyuki Kinoshita  Shuta Kamiunten  Toshifumi Yuji  Yoshimi Okamura  Narong Mungkung  Mitsuhiro Sezaki 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2016,75(15):1135

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Chemical flushing from an urban-fringe watershed: hydrologic and riparian soil dynamics     

Alicia M. Kinoshita  Terri S. Hogue  Janet Barco  Christopher Wessel 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,72(3):879-889

The goal of the current study is to better understand the role of storm dynamics on stream water chemical variability in a highly polluted urban-fringe watershed. The study was conducted in the upper reach of the Arroyo Seco watershed located on the eastern edge of the densely urbanized Los Angeles basin in California. During the 2008–2009 study period, high-frequency stream water observations of chloride, fluoride, sulfate, and nitrate were monitored through a series of storm events and were compared to pre- and post-winter storm season geochemical soil profiles. Of the four solutes measured, nitrate demonstrated hydrologically enhanced behavior. Chloride, fluoride, and sulfate exhibited enhanced behavior initially (first flush), but transitioned to dilution behavior as the season progressed. Soil chemistry analyses in the riparian zone confirmed the abundance of nitrate on the soil surface, serving as a source for stream water nitrate. Observations and analyses collectively suggest that the chemical variability observed during the storms is dependent not only on discharge, but also on the magnitude and intensity of rainfall, the length of the antecedent dry period, and riparian soil composition. A further understanding of these factors will ultimately improve geochemical models for prediction of downstream chemical loads from regional urban-fringe watersheds.  相似文献   

Effects on the nutation of C4,m and S4,m Harmonics     

marta Folgueira  Jean Souchay  Hiroshi Kinoshita 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》1998,70(3):147-157

In this paper, we make a study about the influence of the coefficients of the geopotential C_4,m and S_4,m, (m=1,2,3,4) on the nutation, starting from the Hamiltonian theory as developed by Kinoshita (1977).We obtain ten coefficients larger than 0.05 μ as for the nutation in longitude and six for the nutation in obliquity. The present results are included in the reconstruction of the theory of nutation (REN‐2000) at the level of truncation of 0.1 μ as (Souchay et al., 1997). This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Photometric observations of 107P/Wilson-Harrington     

Seitaro Urakawa  Shin-ichiro Okumura  Tsuyoshi Sakamoto  Shinsuke Abe  Kohei Kitazato  Sunao Hasegawa  Nobuyuki Kawai  Shogo Nagayama  Michitoshi Yoshida 《Icarus》2011,215(1):17-26

We present lightcurve observations and multiband photometry for 107P/Wilson-Harrington using five small- and medium-sized telescopes. The lightcurve has shown a periodicity of 0.2979 day (7.15 h) and 0.0993 day (2.38 h), which has a commensurability of 3:1. The physical properties of the lightcurve indicate two models: (1) 107P/Wilson-Harrington is a tumbling object with a sidereal rotation period of 0.2979 day and a precession period of 0.0993 day. The shape has a long axis mode (LAM) of L₁:L₂:L₃ = 1.0:1.0:1.6. The direction of the total rotational angular momentum is around λ = 310°, β = −10°, or λ = 132°, β = −17°. The nutation angle is approximately constant at 65°. (2) 107P/Wilson-Harrington is not a tumbler. The sidereal rotation period is 0.2979 day. The shape is nearly spherical but slightly hexagonal with a short axis mode (SAM) of L₁:L₂:L₃ = 1.5:1.5:1.0. The pole orientation is around λ = 330°, β = −27°. In addition, the model includes the possibility of binary hosting. For both models, the sense of rotation is retrograde. Furthermore, multiband photometry indicates that the taxonomy class of 107P/Wilson-Harrington is C-type. No clear rotational color variations are confirmed on the surface.  相似文献