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151.
Petr Rajlich Jaroslav Synek Michal Sarbach Karel Schulmann 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》1986,75(3):665-683
The three deformation phases inferred from the detailed structural analysis of the Cesky Krumlov Varied Group record the Hercynian development of the Southern Moldanubian of the Bohemian Massif. The deformation is related to the NW-SE thrusting of the large crustal units including granulites. The formation of the NS and NW-SE trending shear zones is connected with the thrust movement. The structural development begins with F1 isoclinal fold formation, that could originate in unmetamorphosed sediments. In the final stage, they were strongly flattened and B1 boudinage developed in the rocks. Aplite dykes and migmatitization of paragneisses occurred at the same time the rocks were metamorphosed. The D2 deformational phase was produced by the simple shear deformation of the unit and folds of various styles around rigid inclusions and the strike-slip shear zone near the boundary of the granulite and the Varied Group were formed. The F1 and F2 folds are parallel with the stretching and mineral lineation indicating a NS to NW-SE direction of the thrusting. The youngest deformation is characterized by spectacular boudinage and by folding of the vertically oriented planes.
Zusammenfassung Drei Deformationsphasen der variszischen tektonischen Entwicklung sind in der Bunten Gruppe des südlichen Moldanubikums des Böhmischen Massivs enthalten. Die Deformation ist mit der von NW nach SE orientierten überschiebung von gro\en Krusteneinheiten mit Granuliten verbunden. Die Entstehung von jüngeren N-S und NW-SE verlaufenden Scherzonen kann auf die überschiebungsbewegung bezogen werden. Die Strukturentwicklung beginnt mit F1 isoklinalen Falten, die wahrscheinlich den nichtmetamorphisierten Sedimenten aufgeprägt wurden. Während der Abschlu\phase der Formung wurden sie stark geplättet und es entstand die B1 Boudinage. Die Aplitgänge, Migmatitisation der Paragneisse und Metamorphose der Gesteine sind gleichzeitig. Die D2 Deformationsphase wurde durch einfache Scherung der Einheit hervorgerufen und es entstanden Falten verschiedenen tektonischen Stils in der Umgebung starrer Einschlüsse und die Blattverschiebung an der Grenze von Granulit und Bunter Gruppe. Die F1 und F2 Falten liegen parallel zur Streckungslmeation und überschiebungsrichtung ab. Die jüngste Deformation ist charakterisiert durch eine spektakuläre Boudinage und Faltung der senkrecht stehenden Flächen.
Résumé L'étude structurale détaillée de la Série Variée du Moldanubien méridional dans le Massif de Bohème a permis de distinguer trois phases de déformation dans le développement tectonique varisque. Cette déformation est liée au charriage, du Nord-Ouest vers le Sud-Est, de grandes unités crustales comportant des granulites. La genèse de zones de cisaillement plus jeunes, d'orientation N-S et NW-SE peut Être liée au mÊme processus de charriage. Le développement structural commence avec des plis isoclinaux F1 engendrés vraisemblablement dans les sédiments non métamorphisés. Au stade final de leur formation, ils ont été très aplatis et un boudinage B1 est apparu. L'intrusion de filons d'aplite et la migmatitisation des paragneisses sont contemporaines du métamorphisme. La deuxième déformation D2 a été le fait d'un cisaillement simple; à ce moment se sont formés des plis de style tectonique très variés, localisés fréquemment autour d'inclusions rigides. De cette étape date également le décrochement ductile entre les granulites et la Série Variée. Les plis F1 et F2 sont parallèles à la linéation d'étirement (linéation minérale) qui indique la direction N-S à NW-SE du charriage. La déformation la plus jeune comporte un boudinage spectaculaire et le plissement des plans d'attitude verticale.
- , : , . , ( ) ( ). - 502±10 , 0,71174±73. , . 471±9 0,70684±25, , , . - 56±1 . 120–230 , . 37±1 , , . 10,4 14,6, 8,9 11,8. , , , , — .相似文献
152.
Summary The partial differential equations of electromagnetic induction in a 3-D Earth of inhomogeneous conductivity are reduced to a system of ordinary differential equations of the 2nd order for the spectral coefficients of the field.
au am nu¶rt; ¶rt; maum u¶rt;uu u m ¶rt;¶rt; n n¶rt;umu n¶rt; um ¶rt;uua au m n¶rt;a ¶rt; nma uum n.相似文献
153.
154.
Element Mobility During Incipient Granulite Formation at Kabbaldurga, Southern India 总被引:7,自引:2,他引:7
At Kabbaldurga, infiltration of carbonic fluids along a systemof ductile shears and foliation planes has led to partial transformationof Archaean grey biotitehornblende gneiss to coarse-grainedmassive charnockite at about 2.5 b.y. ago. The dehydration ofthe gneiss assemblage was induced by a marked metasomatic changeof the reacting system from granodioritic to granitic, and obviouslytook place under conditions of an open system at 700750?C and 57 kb. Extensive replacement of plagioclase (An1630)by K-feldspar through Na, CaK exchange reactions withthe ascending carbonic fluids led to strong enrichment in K,Rb, Ba, and SiO2, and to a depletion in Ca. Progressive dissolutionof hornblende, biotite, magnetite, and the accessory mineralsapatite and zircon resulted in a marked depletion in Fe, Mg,Ti, Zn, V, P, and Zr. Most important is the recognition of REEmobility: with advancing charnockitization, the moderately fractionatedREE distribution patterns of the grey gneisses (LaN270; LaN/YbN= 520; EuN27; Eu/Eu* = 0.60.3) give way to stronglyfractionated REE patterns with a positive Eu-anomaly (LaN200;LaN/YbN = 2080; EuN22; Eu/Eu* = 0.61.8). The systematicdepletion especially in the HREE is due to the progressive dissolutionof zircon, apatite (and monazite), which strongly concentratethe REE. Stable isotope data (18O of 6.98.0 per mille for gneissesand charnockites; 13C of 8.5 and 6.5 per millefor late carbonate) indicate a magmatogenic source for the carbonicfluids. In contrast to the currently favoured derivation ofcarbonic fluids by decarbonation of the upper mantle or degassingof underplated basaltic intrusions, it is discussed here thatabundant fluid inclusions in lower crustal charnockites providedan extensive reservoir of fossil carbonic fluids.Shear deformation has tapped this reservoir and generated thechannel-ways for fluid ascent. Charnockitization of the Kabbaldurgatypethus appears to be a metasomatic process which is tectonicallycontrolled and restricted to the crustal level of the amphiboliteto granulite transition. 相似文献
155.
156.
Tectono-thermal modeling of the Yinggehai Basin,South China Sea 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lijuan?HeEmail author Liangping?Xiong Jiyang?Wang Jihai?Yang Weiliang?Dong 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2001,44(1):7-13
Based on the observed data, the average value of surface heat flow in the Yinggehai Basin is calculated and it turns out to
be 84.1 mW/m2. The thermal evolution of the basin since the Cenozoic era has been attempted by tectono-thermal modeling. Three-phase extension
made the basin become hotter and hotter, reaching its climax in paleo-temperature history since 5.2 Ma. And nowadays, the
basin is in the heat flow decreasing period. During the Cenozoic era, the basement heat flow remained at 50–70 mW/m2 all the time. This is related to the degree of each extension phase, stretching rate mode and also the limited basin scale.
Modeling results also show that, the surface heat flow is controlled mainly by the basement heat flow, and less than 20% comes
from radiogenic heat production in the sediments of the basin 相似文献
157.
Iodine contents of soils developed over the major rock formations of the northern zone of the Eastern Pontide Tectonic Belt
(Northeastern Turkey) have been investigated with respect to soil-parent rock relationship, effect of topography, elevation,
and climate to construe its effect on the health of the local population. Samples were collected from the A and B horizons
of the soils developed over the major stratigraphic units constituting the eastern Pontides, including the Lower Basic Complex
of Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous age, the Berdiga limestone (Jurassic-lower Cretaceous), the Dagbasi granitoid (Upper Cretaceous),
volcano-sedimentary sequence of Upper Cretaceous age, ore-bearing and barren dacites of Upper Cretaceous age, and Neogene
alkaline basalts. Chemical analyses of soil samples indicate significantly lower iodine abundances for all the soils studied
(5–28 ppm) in comparison to the average abundance of iodine in analogous soils of other parts of the world (22–93 ppm). The
concentration of iodine in soils developed over the same geologic formation decrease with increasing elevation. In certain
cases, this decrease may reach up to 70%. Goiter is highly common throughout this region in Turkey. The results of this study
suggest that the iodine deficiency of region’s soils may be a principal underlying cause for this area of Turkey being an
endemic goiter region. 相似文献
158.
Pi Zhenbang Liu Zhuoqin Yang Chao Tian Xike Fei Jinbo Zheng Jianhua 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2007,1(1):26-29
A type of exfoliated kaolinite was produced by urea-intercalation and original microwave irradiation assisted method. The
product was investigated by Fourier transformation infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electronic
microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and laser particle analysis techniques. FT-IR spectra show that NHCO molecule
exists in the intercalated kaolinite. XRD analyses indicate that the kaolinite sheet-like structure was disordered after microwave
irradiation. The urea decomposition process and explosion effect between the sheet-like structures of kaolinite under microwave
irradiation were discussed. The SEM and BET analyses reveal that the end product is exfoliated kaolinite with thin particles
and increased surface area. Size and zeta potential analyses show that the particle size distribution is between 250 nm and
550 nm with normal distribution and the particle is negatively charged. In comparison with the conventional grind method,
the process adopted appears to be economic and the exfoliated kaolinite end product may display a significantly enhanced performance
in industrial applications. 相似文献
159.
160.