Evaluating climate change adaptation efforts on the US 50 states’ hazard mitigation plans     

Qiao Hu  Zhenghong Tang  Lei Zhang  Yuanyuan Xu  Xiaolin Wu  Ligang Zhang 《Natural Hazards》2018,92(2):783-804

Climate change brings uncertain risks of climate-related natural hazards. The US Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA in Climate change: long-term trends and their implications for emergency management, 2011. https://www.fema.gov/pdf/about/programs/oppa/climate_change_paper.pdf) has issued a policy directive to integrate climate change adaptation actions into hazard mitigation programs, policies, and plans. However, to date there has been no comprehensive empirical study to examine the extent to which climate change issues are integrated into state hazard mitigation plans (SHMPs). This study develops 18 indicators to examine the extent of climate change considerations in the 50 SHMPs. The results demonstrate that these SHMPs treat climate change issues in an uneven fashion, with large variations present among the 50 states. The overall plan quality for climate change considerations was sustained at an intermediate level with regard to climate change-related awareness, analysis, and actions. The findings confirm that climate change concepts and historic extreme events have been well recognized by the majority of SHMPs. Even though they are not specific to climate change, mitigation and adaptation strategies that can help reduce climate change risks have been adopted in these plans. However, the plans still lack a detailed assessment of climate change and more incentives for collaboration strategies beyond working with emergency management agencies.  相似文献   

国际上水资源综合管理进展   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李原园  曹建廷  黄火键  邢子强 《水科学进展》2018,29(1):127-137

中国近年实施最严格水资源管理制度、全面推行河长制等一系列政策,不断探索完善水资源综合管理的体制和机制。为加强对水资源综合管理的认识,推动中国水资源综合管理的实施,结合国际社会对水资源综合管理认识和实践新成果,主要梳理总结水资源综合管理理念的形成过程、主要组成、实施状况、存在问题和发展趋势。结果显示:(1)随着对传统水资源管理存在分散化等问题的认识,水资源综合管理的理念逐渐形成,并已被国际社会所接受;(2)水资源综合管理实施"综合"途径管理水资源,强调通过完善实施的环境条件、机构框架、具体管理手段和稳健的水基础设施投资机制,实现用水效率、社会公平、环境可持续的均衡;(3)许多国家已把综合管理的理念和措施纳入到其水资源管理政策和体制框架设计中,并在水管理的实践过程中取得新进展;(4)国际上水资源综合管理理念和经验为进一步完善中国水资源管理提供了启示和借鉴;(5)未来水资源综合管理将进一步得到推广实施,从理念到解决具体水问题的实践过程将进一步加强,并呈现多样性和动态性特征。尽管面临由于气候变化影响和水与社会经济交互作用导致的不确定性、复杂性等问题的挑战,随着水资源综合管理的实践和水科学研究进步,水资源管理将进一步采用整体、多学科和可持续的途径,助力可持续发展目标的实现。  相似文献   

An Introduction of the Projects Administrated by the Environmental Geosciences,Department of Earth Sciences,National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2018     

Liu Yu  Zhang Qianru  Wang Jun  Liu Xiaomang  Liu Jinfeng  Zhu Honghu  Zhou Zhixiang  Pu Shengyan  Wei Xiaorong 《地球科学进展》2018,33(12):1297-1304

  相似文献   

克拉玛依地区野外地质实习基地建设研究     

孙新铭  李莉  于景维  徐媛媛  柳妮  王满  井春丽 《城市地质》2018,(2):109-114

野外实践教学在地学人才培养中具有重要作用,稳定的实习基地是开展实践教学的前提和基础。克拉玛依所处的准噶尔盆地西北缘地区位于哈萨克斯坦、塔里木与西伯利亚三大板块的交汇处,自晚古生代以来经历了多期次、多阶段长期而复杂的地质演化,褶皱构造、大型纵向走滑断裂构造发育,广泛发育晚古生代花岗岩侵入体和蛇绿混杂岩带,沉积地层连续、完整,沉积构造典型、特征显著,古生物化石丰富,白杨河深切峡谷、河流阶地地貌以及乌尔禾魔鬼城雅丹风蚀地貌各具特色,西北缘油砂矿、紫砂矿、金丝玉等矿藏储量丰富。区域内的地层、古生物、构造、地貌、矿产资源等为克拉玛依工程教育基地各院校的地学类相关专业的野外实践教学提供了丰富的教学资源,是一个理想的野外地质实习基地。  相似文献   

Performance evaluation of ensemble learning techniques for landslide susceptibility mapping at the Jinping county,Southwest China     

Hu  Xudong  Mei  Hongbo  Zhang  Han  Li  Yuanyuan  Li  Mengdi 《Natural Hazards》2021,105(2):1663-1689

Natural Hazards - The objective of this study is to investigate different ensemble learning techniques namely Bagging, Boosting, and Stacking for LSM at the Jinping county, Southwest China. Two...  相似文献   

下庄竹山下铀矿床黄铁矿元素地球化学特征及其表征意义     

刘文泉  江卫兵  李海东  李俊  梁园园 《铀矿地质》2021,(1):15-27

竹山下铀矿床是粤北下庄铀矿田内大型铀矿床之一,铀矿化类型为"交点"型和硅化带型。在详细的野外地质调查基础上,对竹山下铀矿床4种不同类型黄铁矿进行元素含量分析及硫同位素测试,结果表明:"交点"型矿石中黄铁矿相对富集Pb、 Cu、 Co、 As、 Ni、 Se、 Bi、 U、 Sb、 Zn等微量元素;"交点"型铀矿化形成于中深部高温环境,成矿热液具有地幔流体特征,成矿过程硫来源与该区花岗岩中黄铁矿的硫来源一致或者相似,花岗岩中的黄铁矿可能为该期成矿事件的产物;竹山下矿床在垂向上表现出越往深部硫逸度越低的特征;"交点"型和硅化带型中黄铁矿具有相似的微量元素配分曲线,表明二者具有相同的成矿热液来源,且与辉绿岩中黄铁矿配分曲线相似,表明该区成矿热液具有深源性。  相似文献   

空气潜孔锤钻进技术在舜皇山基岩地热深井的应用          下载免费PDF全文

石荆京  张海林  苏园园  胡志航  郑秀华 《探矿工程》2021,48(10):36-42

空气潜孔锤钻进技术不仅可以提高钻探效率,而且不损害地热储层,因此在地热井中的应用十分广泛,但是仍受到钻探深度和出水量的限制。在湖南永州舜皇山基岩地热深井钻探过程中,常规牙轮钻进与泥浆钻进工艺存在钻进效率低、堵塞储层、影响出水量的可能。应用空气潜孔锤钻进技术实现了钻探深度的突破,钻探深度达到1820 m,实际出水量400 m³/d,出水温度43 ℃,符合设计指标。本文总结了相应的钻进工艺措施,以期促进对该技术在地热深井中的推广应用。  相似文献   

Cenozoic Crustally-derived Carbonate-rich Magmatic Rocks in West Junggar,North Xinjiang,Western China: Geochronology,Geochemistry and Tectonic Implications     

CHEN Shi  LIANG Xinxin  ZHANG Yuanyuan  GUO Zhaojie  QI Jiafu 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(4):1112-1127

The carbonate-rich magmatic rocks of West Junggar are distributed in the Baijiantan and Darbut ophiolitic mélanges in the forms of extrusive rocks overlying the mélanges and dykes, either along the margins of the mélange or cross-cutting components of mélanges. Chilled margin and flow structures are present. A SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age of 39.7 ± 1.3 Ma indicates that these carbonate-rich rocks in West Junggar were formed during the Eocene. They have low concentrations in REEs, Th, U, Nb, Ta and are characterized by extremely low εN d(t), high(87 Sr/86 Sr)i ratios, relatively high δ18 OV-SMOW values and high δ13 CV-PDB values, which is similar with most sedimentary carbonates. Furthermore, no contemporaneous mantle-derived silicate rocks have yet been found in West Junggar. The carbonate-rich rocks in West Junggar are thus distinct from mantle-derived carbonatites and are interpreted to result from melting of the Carboniferous sedimentary carbonates at crustal levels, these rocks therefore being referred to as 'crustal carbonatites'. The Eocene crustal carbonatites in West Junggar and other Cenozoic magmatic rocks in North Xinjiang are generally situated along regional strike-slip faults or fault intersections. Therefore, we propose that the reactivation of the Darbut and Baijiantan crustal-scale strike-slip fault zones(ophiolitic mélanges), due to the far-field effects of the Indian-Eurasian collision, enables decompression melting of the underlying continental lithospheric mantle. These resulting melts ascended to the lower crust through the strike-slip faults, causing partial melting of the Carboniferous carbonaceous sediments. The crustal carbonatites in West Junggar provide a new piece of evidence for Cenozoic magmatism in North Xinjiang and are also significant for the investigation of tectono-magmatic relations in North Xinjiang and the Central Asian Orogenic Belt.  相似文献   

复杂环境条件下地铁降水回灌系统设计与研究     

许亮  欧志亮  郭高轩  沈媛媛  戚琦  南英华  芮小平 《城市地质》2021,16(3):332-338

针对北京市地铁丰益桥南站和丰益桥南站—终点区间施工降水回灌场地周边复杂环境,基于抽水试验、场地回灌试验、周边回灌试验等,从回灌池的深度、回灌井的深度、单井回灌水量、回灌井布置等方面设计了回灌系统.分别采用解析法和数值法检验了回灌系统方案的合理性,最终确定了以84眼小口径井和1眼大口井进行补充的回灌方案能满足施工降水排水需求.经实际运行显示,系统回灌总量7261×104 m3,实现了地铁降水排水100％资源性回灌.  相似文献   

中国晚泥盆世至早三叠世楔叶类植物多样性研究^*          下载免费PDF全文

邓珍珍  熊聪慧  黄璞  薛进庄 《古地理学报》2021,23(3):565-580

化石类群的分类单元多样性和形态多样性变化是生物宏演化的2个基本方面,而以往的研究对于后者的关注较少。晚古生代的楔叶类植物易于识别,化石记录丰富,但针对这一类群多样性演化的研究还较为缺乏。基于华北板块、华南板块晚泥盆世至早三叠世楔叶类植物属、种以及叶片形态编码数据库,对楔叶类植物宏演化历程进行详细研究。中国(华北板块和华南板块)楔叶类植物的属、种丰富度在晚古生代呈现出不稳定的持续增长,表现为晚泥盆世的初始兴盛、早石炭世杜内期至早二叠世萨克马尔期的缓慢上升、早二叠世萨克马尔期至晚二叠世吴家坪期的快速上升;晚二叠世长兴期,总体的属种多样性骤减;每百万年属种多样性在二叠纪—三叠纪之交亦有明显降低。华南板块楔叶类植物的属种多样性总体上小于华北板块,达到峰值的时间为卡匹敦期—吴家坪期,而华北楔叶类植物的属级多样性在空谷期—沃德期达到峰值。中国楔叶类植物叶片的形态多样性的剧烈变化与属种丰富度并不同步,表现为法门期至韦宪期较小,在宾夕法尼亚亚纪达到峰值,随后稍微下降并在二叠纪的大部分时段保持平稳。在晚古生代的叶片形态演化过程中,楔叶类植物的叶面积由小变大、叶片由深裂至不裂、叶尖形状由分裂变为圆形或钝圆、叶轮中的叶从大小相等到大小不等并出现叶镶嵌,这可能与当时植物群落中林下层光照强度的变化有关。  相似文献