四川大光包-黄洞子沟特大泥石流基本特征、成因及危险性评价     

孟晓捷  胡炜  张新社  孙萍萍 《西北地质》2014,(3):147-156

2013年7月8~10日四川省由于普降暴雨,发生多起泥石流、滑坡等地质灾害。在野外调查的基础上,对大光包-黄洞子沟特大泥石流形成原因进行分析,对未来发展趋势做出预测和危险性评价。调查结果表明:1大光包-黄洞子沟泥石流属于典型的沟谷型泥石流,可分为形成区-流通区-堆积区。2本次泥石流形成原因为体积高达1×108 m3以上的松散的大光包滑坡堆积体提供物源;极端的降雨气候直接启动松散堆积物形成泥石流;地形条件有利于泥石流侵蚀、搬运和堆积,为典型的滑坡-碎屑流-泥石流型,且仍处于活跃期,并在今后会有加强的趋势。3经过对大光包-黄洞子沟泥石流进行危险度评价可知:该泥石流危险度为0.482,属于中度危险泥石流。  相似文献   

吉尔吉斯马克马尔金矿床地质特征及其意义     

范堡程  李宝强  计文化  孟广路  曹积飞  王斌  张晶  曹新  吕鹏瑞  杨博 《西北地质》2014,(1):165-170

马克马尔大型金矿床位于吉尔吉斯中天山造山带,属中-酸性侵入体接触交代型金矿床。新疆是中-酸性侵入岩分布广泛地区,目前已发现多处金矿床或矿点分布于中-酸性侵入体内或外接触带。新疆具备这类金矿床的成矿条件和找矿远景,并已找到多纳拉萨依等多个该类型金矿,但目前该类型金矿产地不多,规模不大,笔者通过对马克马尔接触交代型金矿床地质特征的总结,以期对新疆地区该类型金矿床的查找有所帮助。  相似文献   

辽宁西丰一带侵入岩形成环境和成因探讨     

王忠江  翟富荣  王岐  谢少强  郭洪方  仲米山  陈垚 《地质与资源》2014,23(3):235-241

西丰一带侵入岩即以前所说的西丰大岩体,是布列亚-张广才岭巨型花岗岩带组成部分.该巨型花岗岩带记录了造山带从古亚洲洋板块开始俯冲、洋盆闭合到增生造山演化过程的基本信息.现在已经将规模宏大的西丰大岩体进行了详细解体,重新归并成4个侵入期次,划分为11个侵入序次,统称辽宁省西丰一带侵入岩.在详细解体、重新归并和划分的基础上,进一步探讨了各序次侵入岩形成的温压条件、构造环境、物质来源与成因.早二叠世第一序次、第二序次侵入岩以及中侏罗世第一序次侵入岩为I型花岗岩,晚白垩世第三序次(闪长玢岩)也为I型,主要物质来源是地壳中岩浆岩重熔的成分.其余各序次侵入岩均为S型花岗岩,主要物质来源是地壳中沉积岩重熔的成分.西丰一带,早二叠世第一个序次侵入岩为火山弧型深成岩,早二叠世第二个序次侵入岩为火山弧型与同碰撞型的过渡类型.早二叠世第三序次至中侏罗世第各序次侵入岩和晚白垩世各序次侵入岩为同碰撞型和碰撞后型花岗岩.这些特征与古亚洲洋晚期的消减、闭合和增生造山演化序列基本吻合.  相似文献   

陕西黄陇煤田侏罗系煤层气开发关键技术     

祁满意 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(2):21-24

黄陵煤田侏罗纪煤层裂隙发育,渗透率高,煤层气开发的地质条件优越,即将成为我国煤层气开发一个重要的潜在接替领域,根据焦坪矿区和彬长矿区煤层气开发取得的成果,详细探讨了煤层气开发方式、井位部署、钻完井工艺、压裂工艺和排采工艺等关键技术,指出欠平衡钻进、基于储层保护的洞穴完井和分层控压联合排采将是该区煤层气开发技术发展的方向。  相似文献   

煤炭地质勘查相关规范执行过程的中常见问题分析     

万会  苗琦 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(2):71-73,77

煤炭是我国最主要的矿产资源之一,目前煤炭矿产资源勘查、煤质评价、煤炭资源储量报告评审及煤炭矿井建设等工作依据的主要技术标准,为指导相关工作的开展做出了突出的贡献。然而,在相关规范的实际执行过程中,常会遇到诸如煤炭可采性区块的界定依据、资源储量控制程度、含煤系数的计算标准、局部可采煤层的稳定性评价、最低可采煤层厚度指标、不可采煤层的计量、高硫煤的处理方式等问题。通过分析上述问题在规范执行中的局限及矛盾,提出了相应的修订建议。  相似文献   

彬长矿区煤层气储层参数及开发潜力     

辛欣  张培河  姜在炳  张东亮  田振林 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(3):19-22

彬长矿区煤的变质程度低,矿井瓦斯涌出量大,瓦斯治理形势日趋严峻。根据矿区地质勘查、井下及煤层气井所获得的地质资料显示,煤层气开发的主要目标4煤层厚度大,分布稳定,煤体结构好,渗透率和气含量相对较高,气含量最高可达6.29m3/t,估算煤层气资源量为132.743×108m3。依据煤层气资源丰度划分,矿区煤层气富集区总面积为87.41km2,资源量为40.06×108m3,主要分布在大佛寺井田,相对富集区主要位于胡家河井田中南部和孟村井田东部,贫气区主要位于孟村井田西部、文家坡井田。综合分析认为研究区煤层气开发地质条件相对较好,属于可以抽采煤层,大佛寺井田为地面煤层气勘探开发最具潜力的地区。  相似文献   

群孔抽水试验与同位素分析在煤矿水文地质勘查中的应用     

来永伟  李本军  王志奇  齐荣贵 《中国煤炭地质》2014,(1):39-42

田庄煤矿主采煤层为石炭系太原组16上及17煤层,威胁煤层开采的地下水水源主要为十下灰、十三、十四灰和奥灰含水层。其中十三、十四灰含水层水力联系密切,可按同一含水层看待。十下灰岩水为16上煤的直接充水水源,十三、十四灰灰岩水和奥灰灰岩水为16上及17煤层的底板间接充水水源,在构造地段有可能转化为直接充水水源。在研究煤矿群孔放水试验的基础上,全面分析了氢氧同位素资料,结果表明井田内十下灰和奥灰含水层有各自的补、径、排系统,正常情况下水力联系较弱;十三、十四灰含水层与十下灰和奥灰含水层均发生着水力联系,在采掘及导水断层的影响下,其含水层间地下水联系变得更加密切。两种研究的结论基本一致,增加了成果的科学性和可信性。  相似文献   

Investigating soil thermodynamic parameters of the active layer on the northern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2  

Ren Li  Lin Zhao  Tonghua Wu  Yongjian Ding  Yao Xiao  Yongliang Jiao  Yanhui Qin  Yufei Xin  Erji Du  Guangyue Liu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(2):709-722

The soil thermodynamic parameters, including thermal conductivity, diffusivity and volumetric capacity within the active layer on the northern Tibetan Plateau, were calculated using the measured data of soil temperature gradient, heat flux, and moisture at four stations from October 2003 to September 2004. The results showed that the soil thermodynamic parameters exhibited clear seasonal fluctuation. The thermal conductivity and diffusivity in summer and autumn at Beiluhe, Kexinling, and Tongtianhe were larger than those in winter. The volumetric thermal capacity causes an opposite change; it was larger in autumn and winter than in summer. In spring, the soil thermal conductivity at the Kekexili station was larger than that in summer. Generally, fine-grained soils and lower saturation degrees in the topsoil might be a reason for the lower soil thermal conductivity in winter. For a given soil, soil moisture was the main factor influencing the thermodynamic parameters. The unfrozen water content that existed in frozen soils greatly affected the soil thermal conductivity, whose contribution rate was estimated to be 55 %. The thermodynamic parameters of frozen soils could be expressed as a function of soil temperature, volumetric ice content and soil salinity, while for the unfrozen ground the soil moisture content is the dominant factor for those thermal parameters. As for the soil thermal diffusivity, there exists a critical value of soil moisture content. When the soil moisture content becomes less than a critical value, the soil thermal diffusivity increases as the soil moisture content rises.  相似文献   

Adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed under the influence of tannic acid     

Tao Wang  Xin Jiang  Congying Wang  Fang Wang  Yongrong Bian  Guifen Yu 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2014,71(2):773-782

Although there has been substantial research done on adsorption of metals/metalloids by Al (oxy)hydroxides, little is known regarding the adsorption of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on Al (oxy)hydroxides, especially those formed in the presence of organic acid. This paper investigated the adsorption of phenanthrene on Al (oxy)hydroxides formed with initial tannate/Al molar ratios (MRs) 0, 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 (referred to MR0, MR0.001, MR0.01, and MR0.1, respectively) through batch adsorption experiments and FTIR study. The results showed that Al (oxy)hydroxides were important sorbents for phenanthrene. The adsorption kinetic data were fitted well with the pseudo-second-order equation. According to a modified Freundlich model, the adsorption capacities of Al (oxy)hydroxides followed a descending order of MR0.1 > MR0 ≥ MR0.01 > MR0.001, which was inconsistent with the organic carbon content in the Al (oxy)hydroxides. Adsorption capacity correlated with the specific surface area, micropore area, and micropore diameter of Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet the relationships were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). FTIR results showed that physical interaction was essential in phenanthrene adsorption onto the Al (oxy)hydroxides, which could be explained by an entropy-driven process. Surface hydrophobicity of Al (oxy)hydroxides played a key role in phenanthrene adsorption. Additional π–π electron donor–acceptor interaction of phenanthrene (acting as electron donor) with aromatic ring of tannic acid (electron acceptor) could be also important in phenanthrene adsorption by high MR Al (oxy)hydroxides, yet it needs further study. The findings obtained in the present study are of fundamental significance in understanding the mechanism of immobilization of PAHs in low organic matter but oxide-rich soils.  相似文献   

重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查进展          下载免费PDF全文

朱继良  付杰  王赛  孙建平  马鑫  许模  孙东  陈思 《中国地质调查》2014,6(5):64-73

紧密结合国家非常规能源勘探开发的重大战略,聚焦重庆涪陵页岩气勘查开发区环境地质调查工作,总结了研究区岩溶发育特征与分布规律,评价了涪陵页岩气开发区区域水资源量和地下水质量。在此基础上,收集分析国内外资料,梳理了页岩气勘查开发所引发的6类环境(地质)问题及勘查、钻井、压裂、开采、闭井等5个阶段需关注的地质环境问题或风险等,其中涪陵页岩气勘查开发区主要诱发水土污染、地质灾害和大气污染等环境(地质)问题; 基本识别了2种地下水污染模式、3种污染类型及可能的地下水污染风险途径; 初步确定了涪陵页岩气勘查开发区污染指示性特征因子,并形成了页岩气勘查开发区地质环境影响评价指标体系,可指导页岩气勘查开发的环境地质调查。该研究为页岩气国家新型清洁能源的绿色开发和开发区生态文明建设提供支撑。  相似文献