Water Availability of Sub-Basins with Restrictions on Use under Climate Change Scenarios in Brazil     

Redivo  Polyana Comino  Sanches  Luciana  de Carvalho Alves  Marcelo  Barbosa da Silva  Jhonatan 《Water Resources》2021,48(6):905-913

Water Resources - The Queima Pé Stream Basin (QPSB) and Ararão River Basin (ARB) in central Brazil have had recurrent problems with water scarcity. This may get worse under anthropogenic...  相似文献   

Camacho inlet southern Brazil - Instability causes and user conflicts     

Guilherme Vieira da Silva João Luiz Baptista de Carvalho  Antonio Henrique da Fontoura Klein 《Ocean & Coastal Management》2011,54(8):569-576

Inlet stabilization is a common practice in Brazil, as it is worldwide. In this paper we present results of the analysis of the stabilization practices of the Camacho Inlet, located in Santa Catarina State, southern Brazil. This inlet is maintained intermittently, in accordance with a regime designed to benefit both local fishermen and rice farmers. Fishermen require this inlet to be open as a navigation channel during the fishing season; rice farmers needs it closed during the irrigation period to allow the pumping of fresh water from the Congonhas River which drains into the Camacho’s backbarrier lagoon. An additional complication arises from the tendency of this inlet to close naturally due to infilling by dune migration. Aerial images spanning a 65 year time period (1938-2003) were analyzed, demonstrating the variability in the inlet’s width between 0 (closed) and 360 m. The analysis of inlet stability and user needs indicate that an appropriate solution is the implementation of an annual inlet dredging program in the austral autumn. This would allow for the inlet to remain open from May to September and then close naturally for the rest of the year, providing for a backbarrier fresh water reservoir during the irrigation period.  相似文献   

A simple model to interpret the ultraviolet, optical and infrared emission from galaxies     

Elisabete da Cunha  Stéphane Charlot  David Elbaz 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2008,388(4):1595-1617

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Short-Period Fluctuations in Coronal Mass Ejection Activity during Solar Cycle 23     

Alejandro Lara  Andrea Borgazzi  Odim Jr. Mendes  Reinaldo R. Rosa  Margarete Oliveira Domingues 《Solar physics》2008,248(1):155-166

We have constructed a time series of the number of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed by SOHO/LASCO during solar cycle 23. Using spectral analysis techniques (the maximum entropy method and wavelet analysis) we found short-period (< one year) semiperiodic activity. Among others, we found interesting periodicities at 193, 36, 28, and 25 days. We discuss the implications of such short-period activity in terms of the emergence and escape of magnetic flux from the convection zone, through the low solar atmosphere (where these periodicities have been found for numerous activity parameters), toward interplanetary space. This analysis shows that CMEs remove the magnetic flux in a quasiperiodic process in a way similar to that of magnetic flux emergence and other solar eruptive activity.  相似文献   

Binary collisions and the slingshot effect     

Amaro J. Rica da Silva  José P. S. Lemos 《Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy》2008,100(3):191-208

We derive the equations for the gravity assist manoeuvre in the general 2D case without the constraints of circular planetary orbits or widely different masses as assumed by Broucke (AIAA/AAS 1988) and obtain the slingshot conditions and maximum energy gain for arbitrary mass ratios of two colliding rigid bodies. Using the geometric view developed in an earlier paper by the authors (Rica da Silva, A., Lemos, J.P.S.: Am. J. Phys. 74, 584–590, 2006) the possible trajectories are computed for both attractive or repulsive interactions yielding a further insight on the slingshot mechanics and its parametrization. . The general slingshot manoeuvre for arbitrary masses is explained as a particular case of the possible outcomes of attractive or repulsive binary collisions, and the correlation between asymptotic information and orbital parameters is obtained in general.  相似文献   

Correction to: Spatial distribution and estimation of rainfall trends and erosivity in the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir catchment,Paraíba,Brazil     

da Silva  Richarde Marques  Santos  Celso Augusto Guimarães  Silva  Jorge Flávio Casé Braga da Costa  Silva  Alexandro Medeiros  Brasil Neto  Reginaldo Moura 《Natural Hazards》2020,104(2):1953-1954

Natural Hazards - The article “Spatial distribution and estimation of rainfall trends and erosivity in the Epitácio Pessoa reservoir catchment, Paraíba, Brazil”, written by da...  相似文献   

Urban forest loss using a GIS-based approach and instruments for integrated urban planning:A case study of Jo(a)o Pessoa,Brazil     

Leandro Ismael de Azevedo LACERDA  José Augusto Ribeiro da SILVEIRA  Celso Augusto Guimar 《地理学报(英文版)》2021,31(10):1529-1552

Urban forests play an important role in the thermal comfort and overall life of local populations in large-and medium-sized cities.This study analyzes urban forest loss and maps land use and land cover (LULC) changes between 1991 and 2018 by evaluating the use of urban planning instruments for the mitigation of urban forest loss in Jo～o Pessoa,Brazil.For this purpose,satellite-derived LULC images from 1991,2006,2010 and 2018 and data on urban forest loss areas obtained using the Google Earth Engine were used.In addi-tion,this paper also discusses the instruments used for integrated urban planning,which are(a) the legal sector,responsibility and nature;(b) the urban expansion process;and (c) the elements of urban infrastructure.The results show a clear shift in land use in the study area.The major changes in LULC classes occurred in urban areas and herbaceous vegetation,while the greatest loss was in arboreal/shrub vegetation.Thus,an increase in the pressure to occupy zones intended for environmental preservation could be estimated.Our results showed similar accuracies with other studies and more spatial details.The characteristics of the patterns,traces,and hotspots of urban expansion and forest cover loss were explored.We highlighted the potential use of this proposed framework to be applied and validated in other parts of the world to help better understand and quantify various aspects of ur-ban-related problems such as urban forest loss mapping using instruments for integrated urban planning and low-cost approaches.  相似文献   

Impacts of climate change on building energy demands in the intra-Americas region     

Moises?E.?AngelesEmail authorView author&#;s OrcID profile  Jorge?E.?González  Nazario?Ramírez 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2018,133(1-2):59-72

It was recently reported a regional warming in the intra-Americas region where sea surface temperature exhibited increases exceeding 0.15 °C/decade and an accelerated air temperature rise that could impact building energy demands per capita (EDC). Reanalysis data is used herein to quantify the impacts of these warming trends on EDC. Results of the analysis depict a Southern Greater Antilles and inland South America with a positive annual EDC rate of 1–5 kWh per year. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 2.6 and 4.5 scenarios were selected to analyze energy demand changes in the twenty-first century. A multi-model ensemble forecasts an EDC increase of 9.6 and 23 kWh/month in the RCP2.6 and RCP4.5 at the end of the twenty-first century, which may increase average building cooling loads in the region by 7.57 GW (RCP2.6) and 8.15 GW (RCP4.5), respectively. Furthermore, 4 of 9 (RCP2.6) and 7 of 9 (RCP4.5) of the major countries in this region have EDCs ranging between 1887 and 2252 kWh/year at the end of this century. Therefore, increased energy production and improved energy infrastructure will be required to maintain ideal indoor building conditions at the end of the twenty-first century in these tropical coastal regions as consequence of a warmer climate.  相似文献   

Late Holocene hydroclimatic variability linked to Pacific forcing: evidence from Abbott Lake,coastal central California     

Christine A. Hiner  Matthew E. Kirby  Nicole Bonuso  William P. Patterson  Jennifer Palermo  Emily Silveira 《Journal of Paleolimnology》2016,56(4):299-313

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Flash flood in the mountainous region of Rio de Janeiro state (Brazil) in 2011: part I—calibration watershed through hydrological SMAP model     

Cavalcante  Marianna Rodrigues Gullo  da Cunha Luz Barcellos  Priscila  Cataldi  Marcio 《Natural Hazards》2020,100(3):1117-1136

Natural Hazards - Flooding and water logging possess severe hazards to human population in many parts of the world. Mumbai, the study area, is one of the cities in India and has been frequently...  相似文献