Self-similar solutions for the blast wave problem in radiative gasdynamics,I     

J. B. Singh  K. S. Singh 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1985,111(1):79-85

Similarity solutions, describing the flow of a perfect gas behind spherical shock waves, are investigated including the radiation heat flux. The shock is assumed to be propagating in a medium at rest. Shock radius varies exponentially with time and density is inversely proportional to fifth power of the shock radius immediately ahead of the shock front.  相似文献   

Aircraft Observation of CO₂, CO, O₃ and H₂ over the North Pacific during the PACE-7 Campaign     

Y. SAWA  H. MATSUEDA  Y. MAKINO  H. Y. INOUE  S. MURAYAMA  M. HIROTA  Y. TSUTSUMI  Y. ZAIZEN  M. IKEGAMI  K. OKADA 《Tellus. Series B, Chemical and physical meteorology》2004,56(1):2-20

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Equilibrium response of thermohaline circulation to large changes in atmospheric CO2 concentration     

R. J. Stouffer  S. Manabe 《Climate Dynamics》2004,22(2-3):325-326

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Kinematics of stars in Kovalsky-Kapteyn figures. II     

R. B. Shatsova  G. B. Anisimova 《Astrophysics》1990,33(3):518-527

Rostov State Pedagogical Institute; All-Union Scientific Research Institute Gradient. Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 379–393, November–December, 1990.  相似文献   

OTEC cold-water pipe research     

Vadus  J. Taylor  B. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1985,10(2):114-122

Shelf-mounted Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) plants require installation of cold-water pipes (CWP) on slopes of40degto depths of 1000 m. In addition, tower platforms containing OTEC power systems may be located on lesser sloped terrain near shore and exposed to special environmental loading problems affecting foundation design. Shelf-mounted installations require careful attention to site selection and geotechnical considerations for foundation integrity on sloped surfaces. This paper primarily discusses research associated with cold-water pipe and foundation installations on steep slopes, although research continues on tower platforms located on the shelf. At least five nations are in various stages of development of OTEC systems for island applications. Each of their systems is either shelf mounted or land based and requires that a large diameter cold-water pipe be installed on a steep slope to provide cold water from 1000-m depths. In addition to the installation and deployment of the large cold-water pipe, the most significant problem is the design and installation of suitable foundations that will last for several decades. To date there is very little experience in the offshore industry for large installations on steep slopes. A major scale-model research project is underway on the slopes of the island of Hawaii. A section of pipe 2.4 m in diameter and 24 m long was installed using combination concrete foundations and joints. The pipe and foundations are fully instrumented to measure environmental loading forces due principally to currents and waves. Environmental measurements will also be taken in the test area. The measurement data will be used to validate available analytical models for subsequent use in aiding industry in providing more cost-effective designs for OTEC pipes and foundations.  相似文献   

A comparison of theoretical Sv emission line strengths with extreme ultraviolet observations of a sunspot     

F. P. Keenan  J. G. Doyle 《Solar physics》1990,128(2):345-351

Electron impact excitation rates for transitions in the S v ion, calculated with theR-matrix code, are used to derive the electron temperature sensitive emission line ratiosR ₁ =I(854.8 Å)/I(786.9 Å),R ₂ =I(852.2 Å)/I(786.9 Å),R ₃ =I(849.2 Å)/I(786.9 Å), andR ₄ =I(1199.1 Å)/I(786.9 Å), which are found to be significantly different from previous estimates. A comparison of the present results with observational data for a sunspot obtained with the Harvard S-055 spectrometer on boardSkylab reveals generally good agreement between theory and experiment, except in the case ofR ₁, which is probably due to blending in the 854.8 Å feature. The possible effects of Lyman continuum absorption on the observed line ratios is briefly discussed.  相似文献   

Can the big-bang singularity be avoided in the scale-covariant theory?     

Hafizur Rahman  S. Banerji 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1985,113(2):405-412

The Raychaudhuri equation is written in terms of atomic units in the scale-covariant theory of Canutoet al. (1977) and it is pointed out that even dust-filled nonrotating cosmological models may not have an observable singularity of infinite density in the beginning. Simple explicit solutions of Einstein's equations are also constructed in terms of atomic units and its is shown that the Einstein-de Sitter solution in gravitational units may appear to be a static or an oscillating universe in atomic units.  相似文献   

Range of validity of seismic ray and beam methods in general inhomogeneous media – I. General theory     

Ari Ben-Menahem  Wafik B. Beydoun 《Geophysical Journal International》1985,82(2):207-234

Summary. The limitations of asymptotic wave theory and its geometrical manifestations are newly formalized and scrutinized. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of acoustic and seismic rays and beams in general inhomogeneous media are expressed in terms of new physical parameters: the threshold frequency ω₀ associated with the P/S decoupling condition, the cut-off frequency ω_c associated with the radiation-zone condition, the total curvature of the wavefront and the Fresnel-zone radius.
The analysis is facilitated with the introduction of a new ancillary functional – the hypereikonal which is capable of representing ordinary as well as evanescent waves. The hypereikonal is the natural extension of the eikonal theory.
With the aid of the above new parameters, simple conditions are obtained for the decoupled far field, the decoupled near field, two point dynamic ray tracing, paraxial wavefields and Gaussian beams.  相似文献   

The dust coma of periodic comet Churyumov-Gerasimenko (1982 VIII)     

M.S. Hanner  E. Tedesco  A.T. Tokunaga  G.J. Veeder  D.F. Lester  F.C. Witteborn  J.D. Bregman  J. Gradie  L. Lebofsky 《Icarus》1985,64(1):11-19

The dust coma of Comet P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko was monitored in the infrared (1–20 μm) from September 1982 to March 1983. Maximum dust production rate of ～2 × 10⁵ g/sec occured in December, 1 month postperihelion. The ratio of dust/gas production was higher than that in other short-period comets. No silicate feature was visible in the 8- to 13-μm spectrum on 23 October. The mean geometric albedo of the grains was ～0.04 at 1.25 μm and ～0.05 at 2.2 μm.  相似文献   

Generalized virial theorem for a system of fluctuating composition     

T. B. Omarov 《Astrophysics》1985,23(1):420-428

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