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81.
Ó. Pueyo Anchuela P. Frongia F. Di Gregorio A. M. Casas Sainz A. Pocoví Juan 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(5):230
Dispersion of pollutants from mining areas can result in risks to human health. The dynamic interaction of geological processes can generate complex situations that favor enrichment in toxic elements by sedimentary and diagenetic mechanisms. In order to explore the distribution of iron-rich minerals in coastal and river sediments, a geophysical campaign was performed along the outlet of the Piscinas and Naracauli Rivers that drain two abandoned mining areas in SW Sardinia. Both rivers flow into the Mediterranean Sea, a bay where fluvial, marine, and eolian processes interact. The geophysical campaign comprised magnetometry and ground-penetrating radar surveys. Magnetic properties were controlled by means of magnetic susceptibility measurements along the beach and dune areas, through sampling of surface sediments, natural outcrops and trenches, and considering different grain size intervals. Results indicate enrichment in ferromagnetic minerals at the leeside of dunes and berms. Sedimentological interpretation is supported by means of ground-penetrating radar. Due to both sedimentary and diagenetic processes, the 100- to 300-μm fraction of fine sands exhibits high susceptibility. Implied tenors of toxic elements in the magnetite may represent a serious hazard to environmental and health security. The results inferred from magnetic anomalies support the applicability of the geophysical approach in order to locate high concentrations of iron-rich particles both at surface and below ground and the usefulness of joint evaluation of magnetic susceptibility and ground-penetrating radar in order to characterize the sedimentary and geomorphology-controlled magnetite distribution. 相似文献
82.
Pueyo E.L. Pocoví A. Parés J.M. Millán H. Larrasoaña J.C. 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2003,47(2):331-357
Interaction of deformation axes during pure translation of a hanging-wall over a footwall composed by frontal and oblique ramps is carefully evaluated together with the evolution of associated paleomagnetic vectors. Four different cases are distinguished on the basis of the deflection on the paleomagnetic vectors when the bedding correction is applied during the restoration process. Two cases (frontal and oblique ramp without mutual interaction) do not produce any deflection. But two cases in the transition zone between both ramps will undergo non-coaxial axis of tilting during progressive deformation. One of them will produce spurious rotation if the bedding correction is applied. These errors will affect the oroclinal bending diagram as well as the fold test producing an apparent oroclinality and an apparent syn-folding magnetization respectively. A well-known geometry and kinematics of the thrust system is needed to properly restore the beds (and vectors) and to avoid the spurious rotations and its collateral effects in paleomagnetic investigations. A paleomagnetic study in the Pyrenean External Sierras is shown as an example. Primary Eocene vectors underwent a clockwise rotation (40° about) during the emplacement of the South Pyrenean sole thrust, however the Rasal-Gabardiella system of oblique ramps display spurious rotations ranging from –8° up to 13° if the inappropriate bedding correction is performed. 相似文献
83.
José Alfredo Ramos-Leal Janete Morán-Ramírez José Teodoro Silva-García Rosa María Fuentes-Rivas Gustavo Cruz-Cárdenas Salvador Ochoa-Estrada Francisco Estrada-Godoy 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(15):422
The present study characterized the hydrogeochemical processes of the aquifer of Ciénega de Chapala in Michoacán, Mexico. The dominant water families contained bicarbonate magnesium and sodium. In the region, water infiltrates into a fractured volcanic environment exposed in the surrounding mountains and is transmitted to the volcano-sedimentary units of the ciénega, where silicate alteration and ion exchange processes occur in the clays of the subsoil. The Gibb diagrams confirm that the main evolutionary processes in the aquifer are rock-water interactions in the local flow and evaporation in the intermediate and regional flows. The molar ratios of HCO3/Na and Ca/Na are congruent with the type of volcano-sedimentary environment present in the area. Ternary mixing processes associated with three end members were also identified and were related to the flow systems in the area. The local flow contributes 77% of water to the system, and the intermediate and regional flows contribute 16% and 7%, respectively. 相似文献
84.
Mauro de Melo Júnior Leonardo K. Miyashita Naira J. Silva Salvador A. Gaeta Rubens M. Lopes 《Marine Ecology》2013,34(3):363-372
We investigated the reproductive biology of the planktonic harpacticoid copepod Euterpina acutifrons, including morphometric data, egg production rates (EPR) and viability, and weight‐specific egg production. Experiments were carried out during 1 year in an inner‐shelf area off Ubatuba (SE Brazil), a site seasonally influenced by bottom intrusions of the relatively cold and nutrient‐rich South Atlantic Central Water (SACW). We hypothesized that E. acutifrons attain higher reproductive rates when SACW penetrates in this region. Live females were incubated individually in cell culture plates during two periods of 24 h each, under controlled temperature and light conditions. Euterpina acutifrons carried on average 16.9 ± 6.9 eggs·sac?1, ranging between 10.8 ± 5.7 and 30.8 ± 7.4 eggs·sac?1. Estimated EPRs ranged from 6.3 ± 3.4 to 13.6 ± 4.2 eggs·female?1·day?1, with mean weight‐specific egg production rates of 0.06 ± 0.04 and 0.17 ± 0.08 per day. Euterpina acutifrons was not directly influenced by SACW intrusions, but body length and clutch size were positively related to temperature and chlorophyll content. Egg hatching time was clearly dependent on water temperature, as a 2 °C increase resulted in a decrease of 15 h in egg hatching time. This shows that even a small variation in temperature may considerably affect E. acutifrons population dynamics. Reproductive traits of this pelagic harpacticoid seem, therefore, to be controlled by the trade‐offs between increased food supply and the metabolic demands at low temperatures associated with SACW bottom intrusions toward this coastal area. 相似文献
85.