Verification and validation of a seismic response analysis code for framed structures using the ASI‐Gauss technique     

Daigoro Isobe  Won Sang Han  Tomoshi Miyamura 《地震工程与结构动力学》2013,42(12):1767-1784

In this report, the capabilities of the adaptively shifted integration (ASI)‐Gauss code in the analysis of the seismic responses of framed structures are verified and validated by comparing the results with detailed numerical simulations performed by the parallel finite element analysis code, E‐Simulator, and with experimental results obtained by E‐Defense. The numerical results obtained by both codes showed good agreement with the experimental results obtained by E‐Defense. Furthermore, seismic waves with unnaturally large magnitudes are applied to a high‐rise building model to demonstrate the ability of the ASI‐Gauss code to analyze the collapse behaviors of building frames. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

粤东地区早白垩世花岗质岩浆作用及其成因演化     

赵希林  余明刚  刘凯  毛建仁  叶海敏  邢光福 《地质论评》2012,58(5):965-977

粤东地区出露有大埔黑云母花岗岩、大埔黑云母钾长花岗岩和揭西黑云母钾长花岗岩3种岩石类型,大埔黑云母花岗岩和揭西黑云母钾长花岗岩的LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄分别为136.3±0.6Ma和134.9±0.4Ma,属于晚中生代早白垩世,而非前人认为的晚侏罗世;3种岩石在主量元素上总体具有富硅、铝,碱含量中等,贫铁、镁、钙、钛、磷的特征,属于高钾钙碱性的弱过铝质岩石;大埔黑云母花岗岩的δEu负异常中等,具略向右倾的轻稀土富集模式,可能是由时代相当于元古宙的富砂屑岩部分熔融形成的;大埔黑云母钾长花岗岩、揭西黑云母钾长花岗岩具有中等—强的δEu负异常,稀土配分模式为海鸥型,二者在野外分布上紧密共生,时间上比较接近,在地球化学上表示出连续变化的趋势,具有相似的同位素组成,可能是由时代相当于元古宙的陆壳富泥质变质沉积岩部分熔融形成的,是同一岩浆演化到不同阶段的产物.  相似文献   

蜀南地区二叠系茅口组古岩溶地区水系分布及岩溶地貌单元特征^*          下载免费PDF全文

桑琴  未勇  程超  黄静  何术坤  郭贵安  吴昌龙  彭祚远 《古地理学报》2012,14(3):393-402

蜀南地区茅口组为一套沉积稳定的巨厚层生物碎屑灰岩,基质致密性脆。中二叠世末的东吴运动使蜀南地区茅口组顶部发育古风化壳岩溶,古岩溶地区水系控制着古岩溶的发育和演化。在研究古地貌恢复方法的基础上,分析研究区地层特征和区域构造背景,采用印模法进行古地貌恢复,进而研究了古岩溶地区的水系发育特征。在此基础上,结合风化壳表面侵蚀溶蚀特征、沉积物性质、地貌组合形态、钻井和地震资料,把研究区划分为岩溶台地、岩溶陡坡、岩溶缓坡及岩溶盆地4种二级地貌单元和溶丘洼地、岩溶槽谷、峰林平原等10种三级地貌单元,进一步分析了各种地貌单元的岩溶特征,为下一步的储集层预测提供了有利的目标。  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987112000266     

Yan Tang  Longkang Sang  Yanming Yuan  Yunpeng Zhang  Yunlong Yang 《地学前缘(英文版)》2012,3(5):647-660

Major,trace and rare earth element(REE) concentrations of Late Triassic sediments(finegrained sandstones and mudstones) from Hongcan Well 1 in the NE part of the Songpan-Ganzi Basin, western China,are used to reveal weathering,provenance and tectonic setting of inferred source areas. The Chemical Index of Alteration(CIA) reflects a low to moderate degree of chemical weathering in a cool and somewhat dry climate,and an A-CN-K plot suggests an older upper continental crust provenance dominated by felsic to intermediate igneous rocks of average tonalite composition.Based on the various geochemical tectonic setting discrimination diagrams,the Late Triassic sediments are inferred to have been deposited in a back-arc basin situated between an active continental margin(the Kunlun-Qinling Fold Belt) and a continental island arc(the Yidun Island Arc).The Triassic sediments in the study area underwent a rapid erosion and burial in a proximal slope-basin environment by the petrographic data. while the published flow directions of Triassic lurbidites in the Aba-Zoige region was not supported Yidun volcanic arc source.Therefore,we suggest that the Kunlun-Qinling tcrrane is most likely to have supplied source materials to the northeast part of the Songpan-Ganzi Basin during the Late Triassic.  相似文献   

Combined analyses of chemometrics and kriging for identifying groundwater contamination sources and origins at the Masan coastal area in Korea   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0  

Tae Hyung Kim  Sang Yong Chung  Namsik Park  Se-Yeong Hamm  Seung Yeop Lee  Byung-Woo Kim 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(5):1373-1388

Hydrogeochemical analyses including the basic statistics of chemical components, Piper??s trilinear diagram, and Mazor??s compositional bivariate diagram revealed that the main source and origin of groundwater contamination was seawater intrusion in the study area. However, the other sources and origins of groundwater contamination could be found by the combined analyses of chemometrics and kriging. Cluster analysis was helpful for the classification on the basis of the contamination characteristics of groundwater quality; however, it was not sufficient for the apportionment of groundwater contamination sources. Factor analysis (FA) determined three factors with 81.07% in total variance: Factor 1 for seawater contamination, Factor 2 for nitrate contamination, and Factor 3 for iron contamination. Factor analysis determined the sources of groundwater contamination; however, it could not discover the origins of contaminants except Factor 1. In backward stepwise mode, discriminant analysis decreased the number of parameters from 18 to 6 in discriminating the contaminant type with 96.2% correctness. TDS, Ca, NO₃, Mn, Fe, and Br were the most significant parameters for the discrimination of contaminants. Kriging analysis was very useful for the understanding of correlation and similarity between contaminants and factors of FA, and for the investigation of contaminant origins. It also showed that the similarity between factor scores and contaminant concentrations was proportional to the magnitudes of factor loadings for contaminants. This study represented that the combined analyses of chemometrics and kriging were very indispensable to the identification of groundwater contamination sources and origins, as well as for the spatial classification and assessment of groundwater quality.  相似文献   

Tracing origins of sewage and organic matter using dissolved sterols in Masan and Haengam Bay,Korea     

Hyo Jin Lee  Sang Hee Hong  Moonkoo Kim  Sung Yong Ha  Soon Mo An  Won Joon Shim 《Ocean Science Journal》2011,46(2):95-103

Masan and Haengam Bays in Korea are highly polluted and semi-enclosed. Domestic and industrial effluents are directly or indirectly discharged into the bays through sewage treatment plants (STP) and creeks. In this study, 15 dissolved sterol compounds were determined in order to understand their sources and relative contribution. Freshwater samples were taken from 13 creeks and at two STP sites on a monthly basis. Total dissolved sterol concentrations ranged from 993 to 4158 ng/L. The concentrations of sterols in winter were higher than in summer. Among the sterols analyzed, cholesterol, β-sitosterol, coprostanol and cholestanone were major compounds in creek water. Seawater samples were concurrently collected at 21 stations in Masan Bay. Total sterol concentrations ranged 118–6,956 ng/L. Inner bay showed high concentrations of sterols in summer, while outer bay showed high sterol concentrations in winter. Among the sterols, cholesterol, β-sitosterol and brassicasterol were major compounds in seawater. In order to examine the contribution of urban sewage, the concentration of coprostanol and fecal sterol ratios were calculated. Most of the creek water, inner bay and near STP outlet samples were affected by sewage. Terrestrial organic matters accounted for a high proportion of dissolved organic matter origin. Fecal origins were relatively high in the inner bay areas and in the STP outlet, while sterols of marine origin were high in the outer bay areas.  相似文献   

赣南与钨锡矿化有关的九曲二云母花岗岩的   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

赵希林  毛建仁  刘凯  叶海敏  王开虎 《地质论评》2013,59(1):83-96

九曲二云母花岗岩与钨锡成矿关系密切,锆石SHRIMP U-Pb和LA-ICP-MS U-Pb测试结果分别为169±8Ma和169.6±0.8Ma,属于中生代中侏罗世.九曲岩体的钾长石和白云母的Ar-Ar坪年龄分别为100.80±0.76Ma和169.7±1.2 Ma,反等时线年龄分别为104.1±3.5 Ma和170.4± 2.2 Ma,分别代表了钾长石和白云母的结晶年龄.九曲岩体具有两阶段的冷却速率,在早阶段其冷却曲线为近垂直于年龄轴的直线,晚阶段的冷却速度为2.90℃/Ma;在地球化学特征上总的特点是富硅、碱,贫钙、镁、钛、磷;DI介于95.04～ 95.57之间,反映了岩体经历了高程度分异演化作用;属于过铝质的高钾钙碱性系列岩石;稀土配分模式呈稍向左倾的重稀土富集型,Eu强烈负异常,εNd(t)值介于-9.51～-10.12之间,计算的二阶段Nd模式年龄T2DM介于1.83 ～1.87Ga,推测其可能是由时代相当于元古宙的陆壳富泥质变质沉积岩部分熔融形成的S型花岗岩类,较低的K/Rb值暗示了在演化过程中有挥发分流体参与并经历了较强的分异作用,是岩浆演化到晚期阶段的产物.  相似文献   

What factors are responsible for the Beijing storm?     

Yan-Fang Sang  Zhonggen Wang  Changming Liu 《Natural Hazards》2013,65(3):2399-2400

The Beijing storm of 21 July attracted public and social attention widely. Recently, some scientists expressed their opinion that urbanization has exacerbated the storm. However, our analysis suggests that while urbanization might have played some role, it is mainly the topographic effect that made the storm intense. Our conclusion is that the Beijing storm of 21 July is generated due to natural climatic factors in a changing climate system. Moreover, we think that the factor that contributes to the tremendous flooding disaster of 21 July is the low standards for mountain torrents control for medium and small rivers in the affected region. Therefore, the mountain torrents disasters control and medium and small rivers harnessing should be the foremost task in China’s water conservancy construction in the future, and effective adaptation strategies should also be developed and implemented to cope with the climate change impacts.  相似文献   

Effects of natural and calcined poultry waste on Cd, Pb and As mobility in contaminated soil   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jung Eun Lim  Mahtab Ahmad  Adel R. A. Usman  Sang Soo Lee  Weon-Tai Jeon  Sang-Eun Oh  Jae E. Yang  Yong Sik Ok 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2013,69(1):11-20

The reuse of waste materials as soil additives could be a welcome development in soil remediation. The mobility of Cd, Pb and As in a contaminated soil was investigated using natural and calcined poultry wastes (eggshell and chicken bone), CaCO₃ and CaO at different application rates (0, 1, 3 and 5 %). The chemical composition accompanied with mineralogical composition indicated that CaCO₃ and CaO were the major components in natural and calcined eggshells, respectively, while hydroxyapatite (HAP) dominated the natural and calcined chicken bones. The results showed that soil pH tended to increase in response to increasing application rates of all soil additives. The effectiveness of the additives in reducing Cd, Pb and As mobility was assessed by means of chemical extractions with 0.1 N HCl for Cd and Pb or 1 N HCl for As, according to Korean Standard Test (KST) method. Both calcined eggshell and chicken bone were equally effective with CaO or CaCO₃ in reducing the concentration of 0.1 N HCl-extractable Cd from 6.17 mg kg^?1 to below warning level of 1.5 mg kg^?1, especially at the highest application rate. The application of calcined eggshell, CaO and CaCO₃ also decreased the concentration of 0.1 N HCl-extractable Pb from 1,012 mg kg^?1 to below warning level of 100 mg kg^?1. The Pb concentration decreased significantly with an increasing application rate of chicken bone, but remained above warning level even at the highest application rate. On the contrary, natural and calcined chicken bones led to a significant increase in the mobility of As when compared with the control soil. These findings illustrate that calcined eggshell in particular is equally effective as pure chemical additives in stabilizing Cd and Pb in a contaminated agricultural soil. The presence of As in metal-contaminated soils should be taken into consideration when applying phosphate-containing materials as soil additives, because phosphate can compete with arsenate on adsorption sites and result in As mobilization.  相似文献   

Elevated sedimentation in lake records linked to agricultural activities in the Ishikari River floodplain,northern Japan     

Young Sang Ahn  Futoshi Nakamura  Toshikazu Kizuka  Yugo Nakamura 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2009,34(12):1650-1660

The purpose of this study was to examine the historical change in sedimentation rates in lakes that have been impacted by river regulation and agricultural activities in the Ishikari River floodplain. We dated sediment cores using caesium‐137 (¹³⁷Cs) dating and tephrochronology, and we estimated sediment sources from ¹³⁷Cs concentrations in the topsoil of representative land covers. We found that, between 1739 and 1963, the distance between the lake and the main river channel and whether or not the lake was connected to the river affected the sedimentation rates. After 1963, agricultural drainage systems were established in the Ishikari River floodplain. The average sedimentation rate before and after the construction of drainage ditches varied between 1–66 and 87–301 mg cm^–2 a^–1, respectively. The increase in the sedimentation rate after 1963 was caused by the construction of a number of drainage networks, as well as extensive cultivation activity and/or fragmentation of the swamp buffers surrounding the lakes. The ¹³⁷Cs activities at the surfaces of the lake as well as the catchment‐derived ¹³⁷Cs contributions and ¹³⁷Cs inventory in the lake profiles were used to examine the sediment influx from the various drainage areas after the establishment of the drainage system. Our results indicate that the majority of the lake sediments were derived from cultivated areas, and therefore the catchment‐derived ¹³⁷Cs contribution in the lakes was strongly correlated with the sedimentation rate. The ¹³⁷Cs inventory across all of the lake profiles was also significantly greater than the atmospheric fallout. We identified a negative correlation between the ¹³⁷Cs lake profile inventory and the sedimentation rate. This is because the sediment originating from the drainage areas contained low ¹³⁷Cs concentrations, which diluted the overall concentration of ¹³⁷Cs in the lake sediment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献