Analysis of Social and Psychological Terrain of Bank Erosion Victims: A Study Along the Bhagirathi River,West Bengal,India     

Aznarul Islam  Sanat Kumar Guchhait 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2018,28(6):1009-1026

Social psychology of people affected by hazards is different from normal psychology. For example, severe bank erosion in the lower reach of the Bhagirathi River in West Bengal has resulted in significant land loss(～60% of all households lost land over last 20 years) and affected the livelihoods of the people in the study villages along the river. Per capita income has almost halved from 1970–2012 due to land loss. This stark nature of land erosion and vulnerability of livelihood has had far-reaching repercussions on the fabric of society and the psychology of the people in this region. Results showed that erosion-affected villages have registered comparatively larger average family sizes(～4.1 as compared to ～3.9 in non-affected villages), lower literacy levels( 50% compared to 65% for the non-affected villages), and poor health. Reports of poor health as a result of land erosion include ～60% of the respondents having reported physical ailments such as headache and abdominal discomfort, as well as 3%–5% reporting loss of emotional and psychological balance. Villages suffering from erosion showed higher positive loadings in average-coefficient of variation(CV) differential(25%–40%) depicting objectivity in their opinions for select variables of social processes. Principal component analysis(PCA) portrayed maximum eigenvalues in the first principal component for interpersonal processes(～98%) and a minimum for intergroup processes(～80%). Categorical principal component analysis(CATPCA) depicted a cluster between interpersonal and intergroup processes and another between intra-individual and group categories. The positive loadings in female-male differences in CV of perceptions portrayed relative consistency of males over the females concerning fear/phobia and physical stress while negative loadings exhibited higher consistency for females regarding psychological stress and shock. Lastly, the Tajfel matrix portrayed a distinction between hazard psychology characterized by maximum joint profit as found in Rukunpur, and normal psychology characterized by in-group favoritism as found in Matiari.  相似文献   

Correction to: Perceived and actual risks of drought: household and expert views from the lower Teesta River Basin of northern Bangladesh     

Salam  Roquia  Ghose  Bonosri  Shill  Badhon Kumar  Islam  Md. Aminul  Islam  Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul  Sattar  Md. Abdus  Alam  G. M. Monirul  Ahmed  Bayes 《Natural Hazards》2021,108(3):2589-2589

Natural Hazards - A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-021-04825-3  相似文献   

Petrophysical evaluation of subsurface reservoir sandstones of Bengal Basin,Bangladesh     

Md. Aminul Islam 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2010,76(6):621-631

The present study has been carried out for core and log based petrophysical evaluation of subsurface reservoir sandstones considering at least one well from each of the Kailas Tila, Titas, Bakhrabad and Shahbazpur gas fields of Bangladesh. Core analysis results show that average core porosity, permeability and pore throat values are 20%, 209 mD and 44020 Å, respectively. These measured values support that the sandstone reservoirs are categorized as good quality reservoirs. Core porosity values usually exceed thin section porosity. Different cross-plots indicate that permeability is largely dependent on porosity. Permeability and porosity are also dependent on textural parameters that include size, shape, sorting and matrix of the reservoir sandstones. It reveals from both thin section study and different cross plots that diagenetic cements are the main controlling factors of the reservoirs. Quantitative determination of the volume of cements shows that cements have inverse correlation with porosity and permeability. Log based petrophysical parameters include shale volume, porosity, water and hydrocarbon saturation, permeability, moveability index and bulk volume of water. The average values of the mentioned parameters are 20%, 22%, 26%, 74%, 110 mD, 0.28 and 0.05, respectively. The most important parameters are porosity and permeability, which indicate that log porosity exceeds core porosity and log permeability significantly lags behind core permeability. The study also reveals that 23 gas zones covering total thickness of 385 m sandstones mostly posses good quality reservoirs except few moderate quality reservoirs.  相似文献   

Radar rainfall uncertainty modelling influenced by wind          下载免费PDF全文

Qiang Dai  Dawei Han  Miguel A. Rico‐Ramirez  Lu Zhuo  Nergui Nanding  Tanvir Islam 《水文研究》2015,29(7):1704-1716

Radar‐based estimates of rainfall are affected by many sources of uncertainties, which would propagate through the hydrological model when radar rainfall estimates are used as input or initial conditions. An elegant solution to quantify these uncertainties is to model the empirical relationship between radar measurements and rain gauge observations (as the ‘ground reference’). However, most current studies only use a fixed and uniform model to represent the uncertainty of radar rainfall, without consideration of its variation under different synoptic regimes. Wind is such a typical weather factor, as it not only induces error in rain gauge measurements but also causes the raindrops observed by weather radar to drift when they reach the ground. For this reason, as a first attempt, this study introduces the wind field into the uncertainty model and designs the radar rainfall uncertainty model under different wind conditions. We separate the original dataset into three subsamples according to wind speed, which are named as WDI (0–2 m/s), WDII (2–4 m/s) and WDIII (>4 m/s). The multivariate distributed ensemble generator is introduced and established for each subsample. Thirty typical events (10 at each wind range) are selected to explore the behaviours of uncertainty under different wind ranges. In each time step, 500 ensemble members are generated, and the values of 5th to 95th percentile values are used to produce the uncertainty bands. Two basic features of uncertainty bands, namely dispersion and ensemble bias, increase significantly with the growth of wind speed, demonstrating that wind speed plays a considerable role in influencing the behaviour of the uncertainty band. On the basis of these pieces of evidence, we conclude that the radar rainfall uncertainty model established under different wind conditions should be more realistic in representing the radar rainfall uncertainty. This study is only a start in incorporating synoptic regimes into rainfall uncertainty analysis, and a great deal of more effort is still needed to build a realistic and comprehensive uncertainty model for radar rainfall data. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Tracking a tropical cyclone through WRF–ARW simulation and sensitivity of model physics     

Tanvir Islam  Prashant K. Srivastava  Miguel A. Rico-Ramirez  Qiang Dai  Manika Gupta  Sudhir K. Singh 《Natural Hazards》2015,76(3):1473-1495

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Mechanical Effect of Vetiver Grass Root for Stabilization of Natural and Terraced Hill Slope     

Aziz  Shamontee  Islam  Mohammad Shariful 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2022,40(6):3267-3286

Geotechnical and Geological Engineering - This paper studies the role of vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanoides) on the stability of hill slopes through physical and numerical modeling. Vetiver...  相似文献   

Soil erosion assessment on hillslope of GCE using RUSLE model     

Md. Rabiul Islam  Wan Zurina Wan Jaafar  Lai Sai Hin  Normaniza Osman  Moktar Aziz Mohd Din  Fathiah Mohamed Zuki  Prashant Srivastava  Tanvir Islam  Md. Ibrahim Adham 《Journal of Earth System Science》2018,127(4):50

A new method for obtaining the C factor (i.e., vegetation cover and management factor) of the RUSLE model is proposed. The method focuses on the derivation of the C factor based on the vegetation density to obtain a more reliable erosion prediction. Soil erosion that occurs on the hillslope along the highway is one of the major problems in Malaysia, which is exposed to a relatively high amount of annual rainfall due to the two different monsoon seasons. As vegetation cover is one of the important factors in the RUSLE model, a new method that accounts for a vegetation density is proposed in this study. A hillslope near the Guthrie Corridor Expressway (GCE), Malaysia, is chosen as an experimental site whereby eight square plots with the size of \(8\times 8\) and \(5\times 5\) m are set up. A vegetation density available on these plots is measured by analyzing the taken image followed by linking the C factor with the measured vegetation density using several established formulas. Finally, erosion prediction is computed based on the RUSLE model in the Geographical Information System (GIS) platform. The C factor obtained by the proposed method is compared with that of the soil erosion guideline Malaysia, thereby predicted erosion is determined by both the C values. Result shows that the C value from the proposed method varies from 0.0162 to 0.125, which is lower compared to the C value from the soil erosion guideline, i.e., 0.8. Meanwhile predicted erosion computed from the proposed C value is between 0.410 and \(3.925\, \hbox {t ha}^{-1 }\,\hbox {yr}^{-1}\) compared to 9.367 to \(34.496\, \hbox {t ha}^{-1}\,\hbox {yr}^{-1 }\) range based on the C value of 0.8. It can be concluded that the proposed method of obtaining a reasonable C value is acceptable as the computed predicted erosion is found to be classified as a very low zone, i.e. less than \(10\, \hbox {t ha}^{-1 }\,\hbox {yr}^{-1}\) whereas the predicted erosion based on the guideline has classified the study area as a low zone of erosion, i.e., between 10 and \(50\, \hbox {t ha}^{-1 }\,\hbox {yr}^{-1}\).  相似文献   

Storm protection service of the Sundarbans mangrove forest,Bangladesh     

Akber  Md. Ali  Patwary  Muhammad Mainuddin  Islam  Md. Atikul  Rahman  Mohammad Rezaur 《Natural Hazards》2018,94(1):405-418

Natural Hazards - Storm protection service of mangrove is often undervalued. This paper empirically assessed the damage avoided by the Sundarbans mangrove forest in 15 villages of southwest coastal...  相似文献   

Differential cobalt-induced effects on plant growth,ultrastructural modifications,and antioxidative response among four <Emphasis Type="Italic">Brassica napus</Emphasis> (L.) cultivars     

S. Ali  R. A. Gill  T. M. Mwamba  N. Zhang  M. T. Lv  Z. ul Hassan  F. Islam  S. Ali  W. J. Zhou 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2018,15(12):2685-2700

Despite the increasing environmental threat of cobalt in the modern era, less is known as its phytotoxicity behavior. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to assess the toxicity effects of cobalt and to understand the associated physio-biochemical response in Brassica napus, an economically important plant crop species. Five-day-old seedlings of four cultivars (Zheda 619, Zheda 622, ZS 758, and ZY 50) were exposed to five different levels of cobalt under hydroponic conditions. Results showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of plant growth, accompanied by notable chlorophyll loss, protein degradation, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. Further, Co contents in different plants parts were found to be higher in Zheda 622 than all other cultivars. In all cultivars, the contents of enzymatic activities (SOD, POD, GR, and GSH) were markedly increased following cobalt exposure; by contrast, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities declined with increased cobalt concentration in medium, which was also, echoed by the pattern of enzymes-related mRNA levels. Morphological observations, supported by ultrastructural analysis revealed clear differences in cobalt sensitivity among cultivars, with ZS 758 identified as less sensitive cultivar, and Zheda 622 the most sensitive one. In addition to revealing genotypic differences in cobalt sensitivity in B. napus, findings suggest the mechanisms of cobalt tolerance in this specie could, at least partially, in relation with the ability of plant to sustain the activity of superoxide dismutase and guaicol peroxidase and to maintain glutathione reduced pool through the action of glutathione reductase.  相似文献   

Gamma and resistivity logs for characterization of Gondwana coal seams at the Northwestern part of Bangladesh     

Md.?Ibrahim?KhalilEmail author  Farhana?Islam  Eunuse?Akon 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2015,8(9):6497-6506

Different parameters obtained through geophysical borehole logging using self potential, resistivity, gamma–gamma, neutron, natural gamma, and acoustic tools, help in the identification of strata and estimation of the physical, electrical, and acoustical properties of the subsurface lithology. In the coal mining industry, currently, the main application for the logs is to determine coal seam depth, thickness together with coal seam quality, qualitatively. Gamma and resistivity logging in seven boreholes at the Phulbari Coal Basin show high resistivity value and low gamma count rate data in coal seams than the interbeds. An attempt has been made to identify and characterize Gondwana coal seams to a limited extent of seam depth, thickness, and quality in seven boreholes together with draw relationship between resistivity, gamma count rate, and ash content of coal at the Phulbari Coal Basin of Bangladesh.  相似文献