Effect of climate change on water resources in the Yuanshui River Basin: a SWAT model assessment     

Yingdong Yu  Jiahong Liu  Zhiyong Yang  Yongqiang Cao  Jing Chang  Chao Mei 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2018,11(11):270

The Yuanshui River Basin is one of the most important river basins ensuring food production and livelihoods in the Hunan and Guizhou Provinces of China. Based on digital elevation model, land use, soil, and meteorological data, the soil and water assessment tool was used to analyze the response of water resources in the basin to climate change. Specifically, the monthly runoff from the Yuanshui River Basin was simulated. Runoff measurements from the 1961–1990 series were used to calibrate model parameters, and measurements from the 1991–2010 series were used for model validation. The Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient, correlation coefficient, and water balance error were used to evaluate the simulation results; the values obtained for these parameters were 0.925, 0.929, and 2.0%, respectively, indicating that the established model can be applied successfully to runoff simulations. To evaluate the effects of climate change and human activities on runoff, 24 different climate scenarios were modeled. By comparing the model simulation results with the baseline scenario, the effects of climate change were analyzed by year, during the dry season, and during extremely dry conditions. The results showed that runoff decreased with increasing air temperature and decreasing precipitation, and that the effects of rainfall on runoff were greater than those of air temperature. Under the same baseline conditions, the effects of climate change on runoff were most pronounced during extremely dry months.  相似文献   

Behavior of Hydrocarbons in the Mouth Parts of Arctic Rivers     

I. A. Nemirovskaya  Z. Yu. Redzhepova 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(8):828-841

The paper reviews data (acquired in 2007–2016) on aliphatic and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in comparison with data on concentrations of lipids, C_org, and chlorophyll a in the water and bottom sediments the river–sea geochemical barrier (for the Northern Dvina, Ob, Yenisei, and Lena rivers). It was established that the concentrations of anthropogenic hydrocarbons decrease and these compounds precipitate like other organic compounds and particulate matter, where riverine and marine waters mix. Relatively pure water flows in the pelagic zones of seas. In spite of low temperatures in the Arctic, anthropogenic hydrocarbons transform so rapidly that natural compounds dominate in the water and bottom sediments: autochthonous in the seawater and allochthonous in the bottom sediments.  相似文献   

Genesis of Charoite Rocks in the Murun Massif,Aldan Shield,Russia     

N. V. Vladykin  A. A. Borovikov  E. Yu. Dokuchits  V. G. Thomas 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(12):1135-1147

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云南会泽铅锌矿区地下水化学和同位素分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

宋煜  李保珠 《地质学报》2018,92(5):1081-1089

本文通过调查和采样测试,分析云南会泽铅锌矿区地下水的水化学特征,划分其水化学类型;根据不同水文年、不同埋深δ2 H和δ18 O的变化,分析了地表水体与地下水的相互关系,认为矿区中部含水层受到地表水的入渗,地表水与深部岩溶水的混合作用加大,中部岩溶含水层水力活动范围不断扩大,相对长江流域同位素分布规律,矿区降雨中重同位素偏富,深部岩溶水有显著的埋深效应,季节效应不明显。提供了一个矿区地下水水化学和同位素研究实例,对同类研究有借鉴价值。  相似文献   

The Hissar–Alay and the Pamirs: Deep-Seated Structure,Geodynamic Model,and Experimental Evidence     

M.?G.?LeonovEmail author  A.?K.?Rybin  V.?Yu.?Batalev  V.?E.?Matyukov  G.?G.?Shchelochkov 《Geotectonics》2018,52(2):157-172

The structural and geodynamic features of the Pamirs and the Hissar–Alay have been revealed based on geological and geophysical evidence supplemented by experimental data. It has been shown that both the Pamirs and the Hissar–Alay are geodynamic systems, the formation of which is related to interference of two geodynamic regimes: (i) global orogeny covering extensive territories of Eurasia and determining their similarity and (ii) regional regimes differing for the Pamirs and the Alay, which act independently within Central Asian and Apline–Himalayan mobile belts, respectively. The Pamirs do not act as an indentor during the formation of structure of the Hissar–Alay and areas to the north. It is stated that the Pamir–Alay segment of Asia is a reflection of the geodynamic countermotion setting (3D flow of mountain masses) of several distinct segments of the continental lithosphere, while the Pamirs are an intracontinental subduction domain at the surface, which represents a special tectonic–geodynamic type of structures.  相似文献   

Deformations and Manifestations of Degassing in the Sedimentary Cover of the Equatorial Segment of the West Atlantic: Implications for Lithospheric Geodynamics     

S.?Yu.?SokolovEmail author  A.?O.?Mazarovich  N.?N.?Turko  K.?O.?Dobrolyubova  A.?S.?Abramova  Yu.?A.?Zaraiskaya  E.?A.?Moroz 《Geotectonics》2018,52(4):401-420

Manifestations of fluids and deformations in the sedimentary cover, which are both factors of brightening (blanking anomalies) in seismoacoustic records, in the equatorial segment of the Atlantic coincide with the sublatitudinal zones of the activated passive parts of transform faults and with zones of lower gravity anomalies and higher values of remnant magnetization, which form as a result of serpentinization. The cause-and-effect sequence of intraplate phenomena includes: the contrasting geodynamic state → horizontal movements that form macrofractures → water supply to the upper mantle → serpentinization of rocks in the upper mantle → deformations associated with vertical uplift of basement and sedimentary cover blocks, coupled with fluid generation → and fluid accumulation in the sedimentary cover, accompanied by the formation of anomalies in seismoacoustic records. Based on the seismic data, we have identified imbricate-thrust deformations, diapir structures, stamp folds, and positive and negative flower structures, indicating the presence of strike-slip faults in the passive parts of transform faults. The general spatial distribution of deformation structures shows their concentration in cold mantle zones. Correlative comparison of the structural characteristics of deformations shows the direct relationship between the heights of structures and the development of serpentinization processes. As per the age of the basement, deformations range from 27–38 to 43–53 Ma; a quite thick sedimentary cover makes it possible to reveal them based on the characteristic types of seismoacoustic records. The formation of the Antilles arc ca. 10 Ma ago affected the equatorial segment of the Atlantic; it formed kink bands where lithospheric blocks underwent displacements with counterclockwise rotations, deformations related to compression and vertical uplift of crustal fragments, and local extension that favored degassing of endogenous fluids. Sublatitudinally oriented imbricate-thrust deformations with different vergences indicate irregularity and alternating strike-slip directions as blocks between fractures were laterally influenced.  相似文献   

Zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopes and geochemistry analyses of the Huyu igneous rocks in northwestern Beijing,China: possible new evidence for the initial destruction of the North China Craton     

Zejia Ji  Baofu Han  Haifei Yu  Yan Chen 《International Geology Review》2018,60(2):196-216

The timing and extent of cratonic destruction are crucial to understanding the crustal evolution of the North China Craton (NCC). Zircon U–Pb–Hf isotope data and the whole-rock major and trace element characteristics of the Huyu igneous rocks in northwestern Beijing, China, provide possible new evidence for the initial destruction of the NCC. The igneous rocks occur as several sills and dikes, including lamprophyre, monzonite porphyry, and aplite. The lamprophyres have high Mg^# and K₂O contents. The monzonite porphyries have high Mg^#, high K₂O contents, and negative ε_Hf(t) values with zircon U–Pb ages of 225.5–227.7 Ma. These two types of rocks are both enriched in large ion lithosphere elements (LILEs) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) but are depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs) and high rare earth elements (HREEs) and have almost no Eu anomalies and relatively high total rare earth element (ΣREE) contents. In contrast, the aplites exhibit high silica and K₂O contents, low MgO contents, and more negative ε_Hf(t) values with a zircon U–Pb age of 206.2 Ma. The aplites are also enriched in LILEs and LREEs but are depleted in HFSEs and HREEs, with strongly negative Eu, Ti, P, La, Ce, and Sr anomalies and relatively low ΣREE contents. These results indicate that the lamprophyres and monzonite porphyries represent a continuous cogenetic magma evolution series after melt derived from an enriched metasomatized lithospheric mantle experienced crust assimilation and fractional crystallization. The aplites were produced by the fractional crystallization of low-Mg parental magma derived from melting of the ancient Archaean crust. The occurrence of the Huyu intrusive rocks with many other plutons of similar ages on the northern margin of the NCC suggests that the northern NCC entered an intraplate extensional tectonic environment in the Late Triassic.  相似文献   

Deep Structure,Volcanic and Seismic Activity Regime in Elbrus Region     

E. A. Rogozhin  M. Yu. Stepanova  Yu. V. Kharazova  A. V. Gorbatikov 《Geotectonics》2018,52(6):647-657

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Formation Environment of Main Brown Coal Seam in Xi-2 Minefield of Shengli Coalfield Based on Coal Ash Phase Analysis     

Boyang Wang  Yong Qin  Jian Shen  Gang Wang  Jiuqing Li 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2018,92(1):111-119

The formation environment of the main coal seam in Shengli coal mine is analyzed, and the effect of coal ash parameters on the coal-forming environment is mainly discussed according to gray component parameters combined with other coal quality test analysis data. Results show that the hydrodynamic conditions of the main coal during coal accumulation have a general pattern of strong northeast and weak southwest, and lakeside swamp is generally in the retrograde process from south to north. The No.5 coal seam is a water entry cycle, and the No.5_lower coal is a water withdrawal cycle. The No.6 thick coal seam is formed in the peat swamp environment where the water is shallow and the groundwater activity is weak. The input of terrestrial debris material was most abundant in the formation period of No.5_lower coal, followed by No.5 coal, and that in No.6 coal is the least. Vertically, the peat swamp environment changed from weak reduction to weak oxidation to strong reducing environment. The ash yield was low to high to low from bottom to top. The organic sulfur is the main type of sulfur in the main coal seam. The weaker the hydrodynamic condition, the higher the organic sulfur content in the reduction environment, while lower organic sulfur content in the oxidation environment. The peat swamp water of No.5_lower coal is medium alkaline, and the peat swamp water of No.5 and No. 6 coals is weakly alkaline or acidic.  相似文献   

The Structure and Formation Conditions of the Callovian–Oxfordian Deposits of Sudak Bay (Crimea)     

R. R. Gabdullin  N. V. Badulina  E. A. Bakai  E. V. Rubtsova  A. Yu. Yurchenko  E. V. Karpova  A. V. Ivanov  M. A. Varzanova  A. V. Sergienko  T. A. Konovalova  M. V. Parakhina 《Moscow University Geology Bulletin》2018,73(4):346-360

The composition and origin of the Callovian–Oxfordian deposits of the Sudak Bay were characterized on the basis of the generalization and analysis of our own results, as well as published and unpublished data. The botanical future was first implemented for the geological mapping of the Oxfordian deposits.  相似文献