Sulphur-containing compounds in sulphur-rich crude oils from hypersaline lake sediments and their geochemical implications   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Guoying Sheng  Jiamo Fu  S. C. Brassell  A. P. Gowar  G. Eglinton  Jaap S. Sinninghe Damste  Jan W. de Leeuw  P. A. Schenck 《中国地球化学学报》1987,6(2):115-126

Three sulphur-rich commercial crude oils have been studied, which contain sulphur as high as up to 4–12%. These samples were collected from Tertiary hypersaline lake sediments of the Jianghan Basin, Hubei Province at different depths, but above the oil generation threshold (2200m). FPD-GC and GC-MS data show that aromatic fractions of the crude oils are composed of different homologues of sulphur-containing compounds, including long-chain normal alkyl-thiophenes and-thiolanes, long-chain isoprenoid-thiophenes and -thiolanes, and benzothiophenes. It is worth noting that the distribution patterns of long-chain alkyl-thiophenes and -thiolanes from two shallow-seated crude oils are quite similar to those of normal alkanes showing marked even-odd predominance. It seems that the even-odd predominance of sulphur-containing compounds decreases with increasing burial depth of the crude oils. The major component of aliphatic fraction is phytane, and similarly the major peaks of aromatic fractions also represent C₂₀ isoprenoid thiophenes. Some preliminary conclusions have been drawn from the above discussion: (1) Abundant sulphur-containing compounds may be used as an indicator of low mature or immature crude oils produced from hypersaline lake sediments; (2) Sulphur-containing compounds are considered to be early diagenetic products of reactions between elemental sulphur or sulfides and alkanes or their precursors (phytols, fatty acids, alcohols, etc.), or of bacterial activities, but not direct inputs of organisms.  相似文献   

On the approach to the assignment of spin-forbidden bands of complex ions: A Reply     

Zhao Sang-Bo  Wang Hui-Su  Zhou Kang-Wei 《Physics and Chemistry of Minerals》1987,14(5):483-484

  相似文献   

Origin and distribution of tonsteins in late permian coal seams of Southwestern China     

Yi-Ping Zhou  You-Liang Ren  Bruce F. Bohor 《International Journal of Coal Geology》1982,2(1):49-77

We have surveyed the areal and stratigraphic distribution of tonsteins in Late Permian coalfields of southwestern China over an area of several hundred thousand square kilometers. We studied the relationship between tonstein distribution and sedimentary environment. Based on mineralogical and petrographic data, we have concluded that these tonsteins originated as air-fall volcanic ashes. Following accumulation in the peat swamps, in situ alteration of the vitric and lithic components took place under acidic conditions, leading to the formation of kaolinite.Based on petrologic, mineralogic, and chemical analytical data, we have determined that the application of mineralogic and geochemical criteria for tonsteins may be useful in correlating coal beds, predicting coal qualities and reconstructing related sedimentary paleoenvironmental conditions.  相似文献   

Simple-Shear Rheological Properties of Shallow Clay Layer in Shanghai     

Su Zhi-qin  Zhou Hong-wen 《岩土力学》1982,3(1):55-64

This paper presets the results of simple-shear rheological tests for the shallow clay layer in Shanghai and the rheological parameters of this clay layer, such as shear parameter, viscosity and long-term strength etc. , by using the obtained relationship among stress, strain and time. The test results show that with certain density and water content of the clay and shear stress less than the yield value, the relationship between shear stress and shear strain for the same shear duration can be obtained by superposition theorem. Because of its linearity, likewise, the relationship between long-term shear flow rate and shear stress also hold true thus, from the linear portion of the curves mentioned above the shear modulus G and viscosity η can be obtained . however , when shear stress is beyond a certain yield value, the curve becomes non-linear. This yield value can be regarded as long-term strength of the soil . In rheological experiments these parameters are all functions of time.  相似文献   

向量场的经验正交展开及其应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

周紫东  王五在  杜行远 《气象学报》1983,41(1):24-32

本文提出了一种向量场经验正交展开的方法。我们对N×T个离散点上的向量所构成的一个N×T维矩阵,设法寻找一组称为经验正交函数的向量,使其中每一个分量都在均方意义下最接近矩阵的每一列。这组向量可以从特征方程确定。对于有N列元素的矩阵(注意每一个元素都是一个向量),有不少于N个经验正交函数分量。用这些分量所作向量场的正交展开级数收敛很快。给出的展开实际例子说明:向量场经验正交展开,可以比一般标量场经验正交展开,取得更好的效果。  相似文献   

浅埋软弱地层隧道旋喷预衬砌支护技术的研究   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

李远宁  段玉刚吴胜 《探矿工程》2001,(5):58-61

论述了浅埋软弱地层隧道旋喷预衬砌支护的研究背景及国内外研究现状、室内试验、旋喷器具、施工工艺及应用情况,并与其它施工方法进行了对比,效益显著。  相似文献   

Sorption of radioactive contaminants by sediment from the Kara Sea     

Fuhrmann M  Zhou H  Neiheisel J  Dyer R 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,43(1-6):102-110

The purpose of this study is to quantify some of the parameters needed to perform near-field modelling of sites in the Kara Sea that were impacted by the disposal of radioactive waste. The parameters of interest are: the distribution coefficients (Kd) for several important radionuclides, the mineralogy of the sediment, and the relationship of Kd to liquid-to-solid ratio. Sediment from the Kara Sea (location: 73 degrees 00'N, 58 degrees 00'E) was sampled from a depth of 287 m on August 23/24, 1992. Analysis of the material included mineralogy, grain size and total organic carbon (TOC). Uptake kinetics were determined for 85Sr, 137Cs, 241Am, 99Tc, 1251, 232U and 210Pb and distribution coefficients (Kd) were determined for these radionuclides using batch type experiments. Sorption isotherms, developed for 137Cs, 85Sr and 99Tc, were linear in each case. Increasing the liquid-to-solid ratio strongly increased uptake of 137Cs and moderately increased uptake of 99Tc. Analysis for anthropogenic radionuclides indicated the presence only of 239/240Pu in the sediment with the highest activity (at the top section of the core) being 0.420 Bq kg(-1). Other anthropogenic radionuclides were below detection limits.  相似文献   

包气带土体生物地球化学特征与氮转化研究—以河北平原正定试验场剖面为例   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6  

任福弘  孙继朝  张胜  贾秀梅  张翠云  叶思源 《地球学报》2001,22(4):324-329

为研究氮素的生物地球化学循环问题,通过对河北平原典型试验场贯穿包气带18．5m钻孔剖面土样的物理性质,地球化学指标,有机质含量的测试和微生物的培养鉴定,发现土体的氮素,可溶盐含量（TDS）,Cl^-含量以及微生物细菌的变化随深度不呈简单的线性分布。经分析认为,剖面中的粘性土层是生物的活性层,在氮素转化过程中起主导作用;剖面中多种指标的变化与地质结构呈良好 对应关系,反映环境演化的过程,同时表明,包气带存在着更多尚待提取的全球变化对比研究信息。  相似文献   

桂林暴雨天气的多普勒雷达径向速度分析与应用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  

李向红  蒋丽娟唐熠薛荣康  周文志 《广西气象》2005,26(2):32-34,46

利用桂林新一带天气雷达径向速度产品资料对2004年发生在桂林的强暴雨过程及其暴雨个例的径向速度平面位置显示产品（PPI）特征的多样性进行分析发现，利用径向速度变化可判断中尺度对流的发展，可对桂林暴雨提前做出预报。  相似文献   

强震地面运动的超随机特性研究   总被引：4，自引：4，他引：4  

徐国栋  周锡元  董娣  杨润林 《地震工程与工程振动》2005,25(2):1-9

简述了几种常用的地震动平稳随机模型，这几种地震动平稳随机模型的功率谱是一组光滑的函数，相应的自相关函数基本上是指数衰减的振荡函数，且很快衰减到零；但是真实地震动的归一化自相关函数则有一较显著的随机噪声项，这个随机噪声的幅值为0．15左右，这就是本文中所说的超随机特性。目前常用的地震动平稳随机模型没有考虑这个随机噪声项及其对结构反应的影响。本文将真实地震动的自相关函数分解为一确定性函数和一随机噪声的叠加，并对自相关函数中的噪声部分进行了分析，得出两条重要性质。本文的研究结果表明地震动加速度时程的平方和(SS)比峰值加速度(PGA)更好地量度了地震地面运动强度。由于归一化自相关函数的随机噪声部分所对应的功率谱的随机波动成分对频率的积分为零，即归一化自相关函数的噪声部分对地震动总功率或平方和的贡献为零，因此自相关函数的随机噪声项对地震动的幅值影响不大，但自相关函数的随机噪声项明显改变了地震动功率谱在频域上的分布特征，因此会对结构反应产生一定的影响。由于篇幅所限详细内容将在下一篇文章中作进一步探讨。  相似文献