Chemical study of limestone and clay for cement manufacturing in Darukhula,Nizampur District,Nowshera, North West Frontier Province （N.W.F.P.）, Pakistan     

Khurshid Ali  ;Noor-ul-Amin  ;M.Tahir Shah 《中国地球化学学报》2008,27(3):242-248

Limestone and clay samples were collected from Darukhula and adjoining areas of the Nizampur District Nowshera, N.W.EE, Pakistan, and analyzed for different parameters in order to search for new reserves of suitable material for the manufacture of different types of cements in N.W.F.P. It was found that the area under study contains three types of limestones, including high grade limestone, Darukhula limestone and siliceous limestone, which contain 53%, 49.03% and 45.19% CaO, respectively, and three types of clay, including maroon color, yellow to yel- lowish-green color and green color clay containing 57.76%, 65.47% and 61.24% SiO2, respectively. Chemical analysis of the limestone and clay samples collected from the deposits in the area under study showed that all the elements found in these samples are within the range of permissible limits for the production of high-strength Portland cement, sulphate resisting cement and white cement. This paper covers the detailed version of the potential raw material deposits at Darukhula and adjoining areas of the Nizampur District.  相似文献   

Groundwater arsenic contamination in Manipur,one of the seven North-Eastern Hill states of India: a future danger   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dipankar Chakraborti  E. Jayantakumar Singh  Bhaskar Das  Babar Ali Shah  M. Amir Hossain  Bishwajit Nayak  Sad Ahamed  N. Rajmuhon Singh 《Environmental Geology》2008,56(2):381-390

Manipur State, with a population of 2.29 million, is one of the seven North-Eastern Hill states in India, and is severely affected by groundwater arsenic contamination. Manipur has nine districts out of which four are in Manipur Valley where 59% of the people live on 10% of the land. These four districts are all arsenic contaminated. We analysed water samples from 628 tubewells for arsenic out of an expected total 2,014 tubewells in the Manipur Valley. Analyzed samples, 63.3%, contained >10 μg/l of arsenic, 23.2% between 10 and 50 μg/l, and 40% >50 μg/l. The percentages of contaminated wells above 10 and 50 μg/l are higher than in other arsenic affected states and countries of the Ganga–Meghna–Brahmaputra (GMB) Plain. Unlike on the GMB plains, in Manipur there is no systematic relation between arsenic concentration and the depth of tubewells. The source of arsenic in GMB Plain is sediments derived from the Himalaya and surrounding mountains. North-Eastern Hill states were formed at late phase of Himalaya orogeny, and so it will be found in the future that groundwater arsenic contamination in the valleys of other North-Eastern Hill states. Arsenic contaminated aquifers in Manipur Valley are mainly located within the Newer Alluvium. In Manipur, the high rainfall and abundant surface water resources can be exploited to avoid repeating the mass arsenic poisoning that has occurred on the GMB plains.  相似文献   

Water dynamics and population pressure in the Nepalese Himalayas     

Schreier H  Shah PB 《GeoJournal》1996,40(1-2):45-51

Water is rapidly becoming a critical factor in the development of Nepal despite the fact that it has one of the greatest hydro-power potentials in the world. The country is faced with three key water issues: hazardous hydro-power development, problems with community water supply and pollution, and shortages of irrigation water. Both the environmental settings and the socio-economic conditions have contributed to these problems which are now widespread and alarming. Environmental factors have not been taken seriously as shown in the largest existing hydropower reservoir, which has recently lost much of its storage capacity in a single unusual storm. Shortages in water supplies in the capital city are also reaching crisis proportions both in terms of quantity and quality. The widespread lack of irrigation water in the Middle Mountains during the dry season has serious implications for the future food supplies of the largely rural population. Some of these problems result from a rapidly expanding population living in a very marginal environment, an ineffective government organization and an international community that is mostly self-serving, focussing on large projects with little concern for local needs. The degradation of water resources is putting the food supplies and health of a large part of the population at risk.  相似文献   

Stabilization of fuel oil contaminated soil—A case study   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Sanjay J. Shah  A. V. Shroff  Jignesh V. Patel  K. C. Tiwari  D. Ramakrishnan 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2003,21(4):415-427

Fuel oil contamination brings adverse effect on basic geotechnical properties of foundation soil. The present study pertains to one such case, from the petrochemical complex near Vadodara City in Gujarat State, India. Here, the fuel oil contaminated soil samples exhibit drastic changes in their geotechnical parameters. Noteworthy among such deleterious changes are: decrease in maximum dry density (–4%), cohesion (–66%), angle of internal friction (–23%) and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) (–35%) and increase in liquid limit (+11%). An attempt has been made to stabilize the contaminated soil using various additives viz., lime, fly ash and cement independently as well as an admixture of different combinations. It is apparent from the test results that the stabilization agents improved the geo-technical properties of the soil by way of cation exchange, agglomeration, and pozzuolanic actions. The best results were observed when a combination of 10% lime, 5% fly ash and 5% cement was added to the contaminated soil. The improvement in unconfined compressive strength (UCS), cohesion and angle of internal friction can be attributed to neo-formations such as Calcium Silicate Hydrates (CSH, CSH-1) that coats and binds the soil particles. Formation of stable complex between oil and metallic cations, results in reduction of leachableoil.  相似文献   

Climates of urbanization: local experiences of water security,conflict and cooperation in peri-urban South-Asia   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Dik Roth  Muhammad Shah Alam Khan  Israt Jahan  Rezaur Rahman  Vishal Narain  Aditya Kumar Singh 《Climate Policy》2019,19(6):S78-S93

ABSTRACT

This article explores changing water (in)securities in a context of urbanization and climate change in the peri-urban spaces of four South-Asian cities: Khulna (Bangladesh), Gurugram and Hyderabad (India), and Kathmandu (Nepal). As awareness of water challenges like intensifying use, deteriorating quality and climate change is growing, water security gets more scientific and policy attention. However, in peri-urban areas, the dynamic zones between the urban and the rural, it remains under-researched, despite the specific characteristics of these spaces: intensifying flows of goods, resources, people, and technologies; diversifying uses of, and growing pressures on land and water; and complex and often contradictory governance and jurisdictional institutions. This article analyses local experiences of water (in-)security, conflict and cooperation in relation to existing policies. It uses insights from the analysis of the case studies as a point of departure for a critical reflection on whether a ‘community resilience’ discourse contributes to better understanding these cases of water insecurity and conflict, and to better policy solutions. The authors argue that a community resilience focus risks neglecting important insights about how peri-urban water insecurity problems are experienced by peri-urban populations and produced or reproduced in specific socio-economic, political and policy contexts. Unless supported by in-depth hydro-social research, such a focus may depoliticize basically political questions of water (re) allocation, prioritization, and access for marginalized groups. Therefore, the authors plead for more critical awareness among researchers and policy-makers of the consequences of using a ‘community resilience’ discourse for making sense of peri-urban water (in-)security.

Key policy insights

• There is an urgent need for more (critical) policy and scientific attention to peri-urban water insecurity, conflict, and climate change.

• Although a changing climate will likely play a role, more attention is needed to how water insecurities and vulnerabilities in South Asia are socially produced.

• Researchers and policy-makers should avoid using depoliticized (community) resilience approaches for basically socio-political problems.

  相似文献   

GIS-based spatial landslide distribution analysis of district Neelum,AJ&K,Pakistan     

Naseer  Shah  Haq  Tanveer Ul  Khan  Abdullah  Tanoli  Javed Iqbal  Khan  Nangyal Ghani  Qaiser  Faizan-ur-Rehman  Shah  Syed Tallataf Hussain 《Natural Hazards》2021,106(1):965-989

Natural Hazards - The Landslide happens in mountainous regions due to the catastrophe of slope through intensive rain and seismicity. The Himalayas is one of the susceptible parts of the world in...  相似文献   

Significance of glacio-morphological factors in glacier retreat: a case study of part of Chenab basin,Himalaya     

Rupal M. Brahmbhatt  I. M. Bahuguna  B. P. Rathore  Anil V. Kulkarni  Rajesh D. Shah  A. S. Rajawat  Jeffrey S. Kargel 《山地科学学报》2017,14(1):128-141

A study has been carried out in part of Chenab basin,Himalaya to understand the relationship between glacio-morphological factors and change in glacial area. Initially change in areal extent of glaciers was derived for two time frames(1962-2001/02 and 2001/02-2010/11). The study comprised of 324 glaciers for the monitoring period of 1962-2001/02 for,which 11% loss in glacial area was observed. Two hundred and thirty-eight glaciers were further monitored between 2001/02 and 2010/11. These glaciers showed an area loss of 1.1%. The annual deglaciation has been found to be higher during the period of 1962-2001/02 compared to 2001/02-2010/11. The spatial and temporal variability in deglaciation was also addressed usingglacio-morphic parameters. Area,length,percentage of debris cover,and various elevation parameters of glaciers were observed to have significant controls on relationships to the rate of glacial shrinkage. Largerarea and longer glaciers show a lower percentage of retreat than smaller and shorter ones. Moreover,glaciers located at lower altitudes and having gentle slopes show more area retreat. The results of area retreat in debris covered and debris free glaciers supports that the glaciers covered by debris retard ice melting at some extent. 158 glaciers were observed having no debris cover,and these exhibit 14% of loss in surface area. In glaciers having 40% debris cover,8% of deglaciation was observed. The glaciers located below equilibrium line altitude(ELA) have experienced 4.6% of deglaciation for the time frame 2001/02 – 2010/11 whereas it was found to be 1.1% for the glaciers occurring above ELA. However,theorientation of glaciers did not show any considerable influence on glacial change based on hypothesis.  相似文献   

Comprehensive geochemical/hydrochemical and geo-thermometry analysis of Unai geothermal field,Gujarat, India     

Shah  Manan  Sircar  Anirbid  Shaikh  Nahid  Patel  Karan  Sharma  Darshan  Vaidya  Dwijen 《中国地球化学学报》2019,38(1):145-158

Acta Geochimica - The knowledge of water temperature produced from a geothermal reservoir and its composition is of utmost importance in designing utilization strategies, the surface production...  相似文献   

Biopolymer-Based Nanocomposites for Removal of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Systems: A Review     

Ramdev More  Shatakshi Shukla  Shashank Garg  Shalini Singh  Maulin P. Shah 《洁净——土壤、空气、水》2023,51(3):2100415

Hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) has emerged as a contaminant of prime concern for the environmentalists because of its improper disposal by tannery, dye, and electroplating industries. Adsorption is the most exploited method for its removal from industrial wastewater because of its high removal efficiency even at low Cr(VI) concentration, minimal sludge, and ease of regeneration. In recent years, several adsorbents of biological origin such as plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria have been explored for Cr(VI) remediation. This review comprehends the recent studies involving usage of biopolymer-based nano-composites with respect to its adsorption mechanisms, adsorption capacities, isotherms, and kinetics. The conventional abiotic and biotic techniques for removal of Cr(VI) are also discussed with a comparative insight of their adsorption capacity and removal efficiency. Nano-biocomposites integrate the functional properties of both nanoparticles and biopolymers, which make them efficient biosorbents. Nano-biocomposites offer a large surface area, reduced particle loss, minimal particle agglomeration on the surface, and high stability. Common kinetic models among the nano-biocomposites,  and various equilibrium models are also analyzed to understand the mode of adsorption and associated factors. These materials are mostly found to follow monolayer adsorption with ion exchange, electrostatic interaction, and surface complexation as major players in the process.  相似文献   

Poynting Robertson effects due to a logarithmic correction to the Newtonian potential     

Haranas  Ioannis  Gkigkitzis  Ioannis  Cobbett  Kristin  Hovesen  Gregory  Shah  Kay  Gauthier  Ryan  Cavan  Eli 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2021,366(9):1-16

Astrophysics and Space Science - We performed a detailed timing study of the Atoll source 4U 1705-44 in order to understand the accretion disk geometry. Cross correlation function (CCF) studies...  相似文献