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Beraki Asmerom F. Morioka Yushi Engelbrecht Francois A. Nonaka Masami Thatcher Marcus Kobo Nomkwezane Behera Swadhin 《Climate Dynamics》2020,54(11):4775-4792
Climate Dynamics - The study examines the influence of external climate forcings, and atmosphere–ocean–sea–ice coupled interaction on the Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric... 相似文献
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Jim Thatcher 《GeoJournal》2013,78(6):967-980
With over one hundred million smart-phone users in the world, mobile, spatially-aware devices are radically altering how individuals move through and experience both physical and social environments. This article presents a theoretical and methodological framework for engaging the emerging geoweb as part of a longer tradition of research into society and technology. A close reading of Microsoft’s Pedestrian Route Production patent, dubbed the “avoid ghetto GPS”, is used to construct two ideal type futures—one hopeful and one frightening. One where spatial technology ensures efficiency, safety, and new forms of coordination, while the other algorithmically sorts society by race and class. Despite not yet and potentially never existing, the patent offers a viable means through which potential futures are made real in the present. Through comparative analysis of these futures, their underlying commonalities are drawn out, revealing the relationship between technology and the delimitation of human experience. This analysis avoids grand narratives and teleological arguments, while making it possible to draw forth the unthought acceptance within each ideal type for the future: the continuing shift of human life itself towards a teleological, always already-calculated standing-reserve. The work on technology of Martin Heidegger and Herbert Marcuse (re)situate the geoweb within long-standing theoretical work on technology and its role in society, modernity, and capitalism. 相似文献
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We develop an urban canopy scheme coupled to a mesoscale atmospheric numerical model and evaluate the simulated climate of
an Australian city. The urban canopy scheme is based on the Town Energy Budget approach, but is modified to efficiently represent
the predominately suburban component of Australian cities in regional climate simulations. Energy conservation is improved
by adding a simple model of air-conditioning to prevent the urban parametrization acting as an energy sink during the Australian
summer. In-canyon vegetation for suburban areas is represented by a big-leaf model, but with a largely reduced set of prognostic
variables compared to previous approaches. Although we have used a recirculation/venting based parametrization of in-canyon
turbulent heat fluxes that employs two canyon wall energy budgets, we avoid using a fixed canyon orientation by averaging
the canyon fluxes after integrating over 180° of possible canyon orientations. The urban canopy scheme is evaluated by simulating
the climate for Melbourne, Australia after coupling it to The Air Pollution Model. The combined system was found to predict
a realistic climatology of air temperatures and winds when compared with observations from Environmental Protection Authority
monitoring stations. The model also produced a plausible partitioning of the urban energy budget when compared to urban flux-tower
studies. Overall, the urban canyon parametrization appears to have reasonable potential for studying present and predicting
changes in future Australian urban climates in regional climate simulations. 相似文献
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A. Millard N. Mokni J. D. Barnichon K. Thatcher A. Bond A. Fraser-Harris C. Mc Dermott R. Blaheta Z. Michalec M. Hasal T. S. Nguyen O. Nasir H. Yi O. Kolditz 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2017,76(2):78
In this paper, a comparative modelling exercise from the DECOVALEX-2015 project is presented. The exercise is based on in situ experiments, performed at the Tournemire Underground Research Laboratory (URL), run by the IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire), in France. These experiments aim at identifying conditions (e.g. technical specifications, design, construction, and defects) that will affect the long-term performance of swelling clay-based sealing systems, which is of key importance for the safety of underground nuclear waste disposal facilities. A number of materials are being considered as seals; the current work focusses on a 70/30 MX80 bentonite–sand mixture initially compacted at a dry density of 1.94 Mg/m3. The performance of the sealing plug involves at least three different important components, which are the hydro-mechanical behaviour of the bentonite–sand core, the overall permeability of the surrounding argillite, and the influence of the technological gap between the core and the argillite. Two particular tests have been selected for a comparative modelling exercise: the WT-1 test, which was designed to study the rock mass permeability, and the PT-A1 test, which aimed at quantifying the evolution of the hydro-mechanical field within the bentonite–sand core. A number of independent teams have worked towards modelling these experiments, using different codes and input parameters calibrated on additional small-scale laboratory experiments. Their results are compared and discussed. 相似文献
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A transient network model is applied to the Chesapeake Bay and its tributary estuaries. Calibration of the model is based on only three external parameters: a friction factor that is spatially described, and two global constants required to calibrate a dynamic dispersion relationship that depends on both the local salinity gradient and hydraulic conditions. The transient hydrodynamics and the transient salinity distribution of the Bay and its tributary estuaries are simulated for the period of one month and comparisons made between calculated and observed salinities. 相似文献
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Spatiality,Maps, and Mathematics in Critical Human Geography: Toward a Repetition with Difference 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Quantitative and cartographic methods are today often associated with absolute, Newtonian conceptions of space. We argue that some such methods have not always been and need not be so allied. Present geographic approaches to relational space have been largely advanced through radical political economic and feminist thought. Yet we identify quantitative and cartographic methods (taking as exemplars a range of thinkers, some of whom were most prominent in the 1960s and 1970s) that can contribute to these approaches to relational space. We suggest neglected methods to revisit, new alliances to be forged with critical human geography and cultural critique, and possible paths to enliven geographical imaginations. 相似文献